The Dynamics of News and Indigenous Policy in Australia , livre ebook

Intellect Books - Lisa Waller , Kerry McCallum

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204 pages

English

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Description

Despite intense concern among academics and advocates, there is a deeply felt absence of scholarship on the way media reporting exacerbates rather than helps to resolve policy problems. This book offers rich insights into the news media’s role in the development of policy in Australia, and explores the complex, dynamic and interactive relationship between news media and Australian Indigenous affairs. Spanning a twenty-year period from 1988 to 2008, Kerry McCallum and Lisa Waller critically examine how Indigenous health, bilingual education and controversial legislation were portrayed through public media. The Dynamics of News and Indigenous Policy in Australia provides evidence of Indigenous people being excluded from policy and media discussion, as well as using the media to their advantage. To that end, the book poses the question: just how far was the media manipulating the national conversation? And how far was it, in turn, being manipulated by those in power? A decade after the Australian government introduced the controversial 2007 Northern Territory Emergency Response Act, McCallum and Waller offer a ground-breaking look at the media’s role in Indigenous issues and asks: to what extent did journalism exacerbate policy issues, and how far were their effects felt in Indigenous communities?

Part I: Setting the Scene

Kerry McCallum and Lisa Waller

Chapter 1: Introduction: Media dynamics and policy intractability

Kerry McCallum and Lisa Waller

Chapter 2: Policy histories and discursive environments

Kerry McCallum and Lisa Waller

Part II: Media Coverage of Indigenous Affairs

Kerry McCallum and Lisa Waller

Chapter 3: Race, indigeneity and the media: Theoretical trajectories in Australian studies of Indigenous media representation

Kerry McCallum and Lisa Waller

Chapter 4: News from another country: Remote Indigenous reporting for mainstream audiences

Kerry McCallum and Lisa Waller

Chapter 5: The Australian and Indigenous affairs

Kerry McCallum and Lisa Waller

Part III: Indigenous Health Policy

Kerry McCallum and Lisa Waller

Chapter 6: Key moments in Indigenous health policy, 1988–2008

Kerry McCallum and Lisa Waller

Chapter 7: Framing Indigenous health in the Australian news media

Kerry McCallum and Lisa Waller

Chapter 8: Policymakers’ media-related practices and ‘new paternalism’ in Indigenous health

Kerry McCallum and Lisa Waller

Part IV: Bilingual Education

Kerry McCallum and Lisa Waller

Chapter 9: Bilingual education: A case study

Kerry McCallum and Lisa Waller

Chapter 10: Saving bilingual education: Media-related practices of Indigenous policy advocates

Kerry McCallum and Lisa Waller

Chapter 11: A game of mirrors: News, policy and bilingual education

Kerry McCallum and Lisa Waller

Chapter 12: Conclusion: Change and continuity in media and Indigenous affairs

Kerry McCallum and Lisa Waller

Sujets

Indigenous Studies

Media Studies

Social Science

HISTORY

POLITICAL SCIENCE

EDUCATION

Sociologie, société et politique

Geopolitics

General officer

Indigenous peoples

Anthropology

General

Informations

Publié par	Intellect Books
Date de parution	01 août 2017
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9781783208142
Langue	English

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,2160€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

Extrait

First published in the UK in 2017 by
Intellect, The Mill, Parnall Road, Fishponds, Bristol, BS16 3JG, UK
First published in the USA in 2017 by
Intellect, The University of Chicago Press, 1427 E. 60th Street,
Chicago, IL 60637, USA
Copyright © 2017 Intellect Ltd
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Cover designer: Clare Lewis
Cover art: ‘Yathiny’ by Djalinda Yunupingu
Copy-editor: MPS Technologies
Indexer: Sue Jarvis
Production manager: Katie Evans
Typesetting: Contentra Technologies
Print ISBN: 978-1-78320-812-8
ePDF ISBN: 978-1-78320-813-5
ePUB ISBN: 978-1-78320-814-2
Printed and bound by Hobbs, UK.
This is a peer-reviewed publication.
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgements
Part I: Setting the Scene
Chapter 1: Introduction: Media dynamics and policy intractability
Chapter 2: Policy histories and discursive environments
Part II: Media Coverage of Indigenous Affairs
Chapter 3: Race, indigeneity and the media: Theoretical trajectories in Australian studies of Indigenous media representation
Chapter 4: News from another country: Remote Indigenous reporting for mainstream audiences
Chapter 5: The Australian and Indigenous affairs
Part III: Indigenous Health Policy
Chapter 6: Key moments in Indigenous health policy, 1988–2008
Chapter 7: Framing Indigenous health in the Australian news media
Chapter 8: Policymakers' media-related practices and 'new paternalism' in Indigenous health
Part IV: Bilingual Education
Chapter 9: Bilingual education: A case study
Chapter 10: Saving bilingual education: Media-related practices of Indigenous policy advocates
Chapter 11: A game of mirrors: News, policy and bilingual education
Chapter 12: Conclusion: Change and continuity in media and Indigenous affairs
References
Index
Preface
The genesis of this book was a desire to understand the power of the news media in the Indigenous policy process. We are non-Indigenous academics with professional backgrounds in journalism and political communication, and long personal engagement with Indigenous people and issues. These experiences have played an important part in shaping our approach to understanding the media-related practices of a range of people involved in the policy constellation.
The shock that sensationalist news reporting could trigger a policy intervention on the scale of the 2007 NT Emergency Response – where the government deployed the military to ‘stablise, normalise and exit’ 73 Indigenous communities in the Northern Territory – spurred our determination to interrogate the dynamic interplay between news media and policy. From the outset, this has been a historical study to explain the interrelated factors that led to the back slide from self-determination and reconciliation to interventionist policies over two decades. It focuses attention, scrutiny, analysis and critique on non-Indigenous institutions and powerful elites.
We see this book as a foundational contribution to our broader research paradigm that works with Indigenous researchers to challenge the colonial mindset and the prevailing discourse of deficit in Indigenous affairs.
Acknowledgements
This book was written on the lands of the Ngunnawal people and the lands of the Wathaurong people. We pay our respects to their elders past, present and future, and extend our greatest thanks to all of the Indigenous people from around Australia who have contributed so much to this book. We are especially grateful to Yolngu participants from North-East Arnhem Land, who welcomed Lisa to their country and shared their knowledge so generously. We are also grateful to the Indigenous and non-Indigenous journalists, public servants, policy advocates and activists who took time out of their busy lives to participate in this project.
The research for this book was largely funded through an Australian Research Council Discovery Project ‘Australian news media and Indigenous policy-making 1988–2008’ (DP0987457). Special thanks go to Michael Meadows, Michelle Dunne-Breen, Holly Reid and Monica Andrew, who contributed so much to that study. To Warwick Blood, Peter Putnis, Jon Altman, Tanja Dreher and Mick Dodson: Your scholarship and wisdom continue to challenge and inspire us.
Finally, we are indebted to our partners, families and friends for their love, support and patience over the years we have been working on this project.
This book is derived in part from the following articles and chapters published in academic journals and edited collections extended in this manuscript:
McCallum, K. (2011), ‘Journalism and Indigenous health policy’, Australian Aboriginal Studies , 2, pp. 21–31.
____ (ed.) (2012), Media and Indigenous Policy: Report of the Australian News Media and Indigenous Policymaking 1988–2008 Project , Canberra: University of Canberra.
____ (2013), ‘Distant and intimate conversations: Media and Indigenous health policy Australia’, Critical Arts, 27:2, pp. 324–43.
McCallum, K. and Reid, H. (2012), ‘Little children and big men: Campaigning journalism and Indigenous policy’, Australian Journalism Review , 34:2, pp. 71–84.
McCallum, K. and Waller, L. (2013), ‘The Intervention of media power in Indigenous policy-making’, Media International Australia, 149, pp. 139–49.
_____ (2016), ‘Media stars and neoliberal news agendas in Indigenous policymaking’, in W. Sanders (ed.), Engaging Indigenous Economy: Debating Diverse Approaches , Canberra: CAEPR Research Monograph 34, pp. 171–81.
____ (2017a), ‘Indigenous media in Australia: Traditions, theories and contemporary practices’, in J. Budarick and G. Han Soon (eds), Minorities and the Media in Australia , London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 134–61.
____ (2017b, in press), ‘The dimensions of mediatized policy-making in Australian Indigenous affairs’, Communications: The European Journal of Communication , 42:2, pp. 173–93.
McCallum, K., Waller, L. and Meadows. M. (2012), ‘Raising the volume: Indigenous voices in news media and policy’, Media International Australia , 142, pp. 101–15.
Waller, L. (2010a), ‘Indigenous research ethics: New modes of information gathering and storytelling in journalism’, Australian Journalism Review, 32:2, pp. 19–32.
____ (2010b), ‘Singular influence: The ascent of Daisy M. Bates in popular understanding and Indigenous policy’, Australian Journal of Communication , 37:2, pp. 1–14.
____ (2012a), ‘Bilingual education and the language of news’, Australian Journal of Linguistics, 32:4, pp. 459–72.
____ (2012b), ‘Learning in both worlds: Academic journalism as a research outcome’, Research Journalism, 2:1, pp. 1–16.
____ (2013a), ‘It comes with the territory: “Remote” Indigenous reporting for mainstream Australia’, Australian Journalism Monographs , 14, pp. 5–38.
____ (2013b), ‘The dynamic interplay of news media and bilingual education policy in Australia’s Northern Territory 1988–2008’, Ph.D. Communication thesis, Canberra: University of Canberra.
Waller, L. and McCallum, K. (in press), ‘Keystone media: The Australian and Indigenous affairs’, Media International Australia . Accepted 13 July 2016.
____ (2014), ‘Don’t cut off our tongues: Yolngu voices in news media’, Communication, Politics and Culture , 47:1, pp. 18–31.
Part I
Setting the Scene
Chapter 1
Introduction: Media dynamics and policy intractability
T his book explores the complex, dynamic and interactive relationship between news media and the uneven and politically sensitive bureaucratic field of Australian Indigenous affairs policy. It reveals how news discourses are constructed, formulated and synthesised into the policy realm. Spanning a twenty-year period from 1988 to 2008, it focuses on Indigenous health, bilingual education and the 2007 Northern Territory Emergency Response (NTER), when the government sent the army into a number of remote Indigenous communities. We argue that at such key moments, Indigenous policy is played out through the public media, with journalists taking a central role in both constructing and representing Indigenous people and issues as problems to be solved. Media are used strategically in these debates, not only by elites but also by others trying to influence public discussion and policy outcomes.
Indigenous affairs policy is arguably Australia’s most ‘wicked’ or intractable policy field (APSC 2007). According to policy specialists Johns and Sanders (2005: 55; see also Jordan and Bulloch 2010):
Indigenous issues are among the most important, and intractable, facing Australian society. Dealing with Indigenous people is a litmus test of Australian nationhood, by which the larger world will judge us.
Intractable problems should, theoretically, be solvable, but require more time and space than are practical to resolve them. The centrality of the Indigenous policy field to Australian politics, and the sensitive relationship between Indigenous people and the state, means that this field is particularly susceptible to sharp and dramatic policy shifts. It has been described as being beset by bureaucratic ‘amnesia’ (Pearson 2009). Mickler (1998: 63) points out this is not natural or inevitable. Instead, ‘Indigenous affairs’ is set as a ‘domain-specific’ problem related to a problematised Indigenous population (see also Bacchi 2009). It nevertheless has concrete implications. As one of the participants in our study reminded us: ‘A policy bureaucracy always wants to be getting it right. I actually think there’s a bit of a disease, which is people want to move from one policy to another, there’s not enough patience to say well, let’s get it right.’
Our focus is on the role played by Australia’s news media in this policy intractability. We argue that the complex relationships between the