The relationship between nation and queer sexuality has long been a fraught one, for the sustaining myths of the former are often at odds with the needs of the latter. This collection of essays introduces readers to important historical and cultural figures and moments in queer life, and it addresses some of the urgent questions of queer belonging that face Wales today. I. The Queer Past Before 1900 Queer Loss: Felicia Hemans, (trans)nationalism, and the Welsh Bard Daniel Hannah ‘Gender difference is nothing’: Cranogwen and Victorian Wales Jane Aaron ‘Please don’t whip me this time’: The Passions of George Powell of Nant-Eos Harry Heuser From Huw Arwystli to Siôn Eirian: Representitive Examples of Cadi/Queer Life from Medieval to Twentieth Century Welsh Literature Mihangel Morgan II. Placing Queer Wales after 1900 ‘A queer kind of fancy’: women, same-sex desire, and nation in Welsh literature Kirsti Bohata ‘Not friends / But fellows in a union that ends’: Associations of Welshness and Non-heteronormativity in Edward Thomas Andrew Webb Fairy Tale Drag and the Transgender Nation in Rhys Davies, Erica Wooff, and Jan Morris. Huw Osborne III. Building Queer Wales Post-Devolution Lesbian Motherhood in the South Wales Valleys: A Narrative Exploration Alys Einion Living in Fear: Homophobic Hate Crime in Wales Matthew Williams and Jasmin Tregidga Heb addysg, heb ddawn (Without education, without gift): LGBTQ Youth in Educational Settings in Wales John Sam Jones IV. Performing Contemporary Queer Wales Omnisexuality and the City: Exploring National and Sexual Identity through BBC Wales’ Torchwood Rebecca Williams and Ruth McElroy Queer/Welsh and Welsh/Queer: Performing Hybrid Wales Stephen Greer
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Q U E E R WA L E S
Gender Studies in Wales Astudiaethau Rhywedd yng Nghymru
Series Editors Jane Aaron, University of South Wales Brec’hed Piette, Bangor University Sian Rhiannon Williams, Cardiff Metropolitan University
Series Advisory Board Deirdre Beddoe, Emeritus Professor Mihangel Morgan, Aberystwyth University Teresa Rees, Cardiff University
The aim of this series is to îll a current gap in knowledge. As a number of histori-ans, sociologists and literary critics have for some time been pointing out, there is a dearth of published research on the characteristics and effects of gender differ-ence in Wales, both as it affected lives in the past and as it continues to shape present-day experience. Socially constructed concepts of masculine and feminine difference inuence every aspect of individuals’ lives; experiences in employ-ment, in education, in culture and politics, as well as in personal relationships, are all shaped by them. Ethnic identities are also gendered; a country’s history affects its concepts of gender difference so that what is seen as appropriately ‘masculine’ or ‘feminine’ varies within different cultures. What is needed in the Welsh context is more detailed research on the ways in which gender difference has operated and continues to operate within Welsh societies. Accordingly, this interdiscipli-nary and bilingual series of volumes on Gender Studies in Wales, authored by academics who are leaders in their particular îelds of study, is designed to explore the diverse aspects of male and female identities in Wales, past and present. The series is bilingual, in the sense that some of its intended volumes will be in Welsh and some in English.
Also in series Dawn Mannay,Our Changing Land: Revisiting Gender, Class and Identity in Contemporary Wales Alice Entwistle,Poetry, Geography, Gender: Women Rewriting Contemporary Wales Kirsti Bohata and Katie Gramich,Rediscovering Margiad Evans: Marginality, Gender and Illness Angela V. John,Land: Chapters in Welsh Women’s History,Our Mothers’ 1830–1939
For all titles in the Gender Studies in Wales series please visit www.uwp.co.uk
Q U E E R WA L E S
The History, Culture and Politics of Queer Life in Wales
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any material form (includ-ing photocopying or storing it in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright owner except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act. Applications for the copyright owner’s written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to the University of Wales Press, 10 Columbus Walk, Brigantine Place, Cardiff, CF10 4UP.
www.uwp.co.uk
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication DataA catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
ISBN (pb) 978-1-7831-6863-7e-ISBN 978-1-7831-6864-4
The right of the Contributors to be identiîed as authors of their contributions has been asserted by them in accordance with77, 78 and 79 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
The University of Wales Press acknowledges the înancial support of the Welsh Books Council.
Typeset by Mark Heslington Ltd, Scarborough, North YorkshirePrinted by CPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham, Wiltshire
For Cory In loving memory
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Contents
Acknowledgements List of Illustrations and Figures Notes on Contributors Introduction Huw Osborne
I. THE QUEER PAST BEFORE 1900 Queer Loss: Felicia Hemans, (Trans)nationalisms and the Welsh Bard Daniel Hannah ‘Gender difference is nothing’: Cranogwen and Victorian Wales Jane Aaron ‘Please don’t whip methistime’: The Passions of George Powell of Nant-Eos Harry Heuser From Huw Arwystli to Siôn Eirian: Representative Examples ofCadi/Queer Life from Medieval to Twentieth-century Welsh Literature Mihangel Morgan
II. PLACING QUEER WALES AFTER 1900 ‘A queer kind of fancy’: Women, Same-sex Desire and Nation in Welsh Literature Kirsti Bohata ‘Not friends / But fellows in a union that ends’: Associations of Welshness and Non-heteronormativity in Edward Thomas Andrew Webb Fairy-tale Drag and the Transgender Nation in Rhys Davies, EricaWooff and Jan Morris Huw Osborne
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Queer Wales
III. BUILDING QUEER WALES POST-DEVOLUTION Lesbian Motherhood in the South Wales Valleys: A NarrativeExploration Alys Einion
9 Living in Fear: Homophobic Hate Crime in Wales Matthew Williams and Jasmin Tregidga 10 Heb Addysg, Heb Ddawn (Without Education, Without Gift):LGBTQ Youth in Educational Settings in Wales John Sam Jones
IV. PERFORMING CONTEMPORARY QUEER WALES 11 Omnisexuality and the City: Exploring National and Sexual Identity through BBC Wales’sTorchwoodRebecca Williams and Ruth McElroy
12 Queer/Welsh and Welsh/Queer: Performing Hybrid Wales Stephen Greer Notes Select Bibliography Index