Pathways to Careers in Health Care , livre ebook

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183 pages

English

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Description

This book provides analyses and evaluations of the Health Profession Opportunity Grants (HPOG) program, a federal government demonstration project that is targeted at providing career opportunities in the health care field for individuals in low-wage populations.

Sujets

Sociologie, société et politique

Labour economics

Informations

Publié par	W.E. Upjohn Institute
Date de parution	16 décembre 2019
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9780880996679
Langue	English

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,1750€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

Extrait

Pathways to Careers in Health Care
Christopher T. King Philip Young P. Hong Editors
2019
W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research Kalamazoo, Michigan
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: King, Christopher T., editor | Hong, Philip Young P., 1972- editor. | W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, issuing body.
Title: Pathways to careers in health care / Christopher T. King, Philip Young P. Hong, editors.
Description: Kalamazoo, Michigan : W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, 2019. | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Summary: The authors in this book present findings, lessons, and recommendations that emanated from HPOG research and evaluations for consideration by policymakers, program operators, and other researchers - Provided by publisher.
Identifiers: LCCN 2019040213 (print) | LCCN 2019040214 (ebook) | ISBN 9780880996662 (paperback) | ISBN 9780880996679 (ebook)
Subjects: MESH: Health Workforce-economics | Health Occupations-education | Government Programs-economics | Program Evaluation | Socioeconomic Factors | United States
Classification: LCC RA440.9 (print) | LCC RA440.9 (ebook) | NLM W 76 AA1 | DDC 362.1023-dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019040213
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019040214
2019 W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research 300 S. Westnedge Avenue Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007-4686
The facts presented in this study and the observations and viewpoints expressed are the sole responsibility of the authors. They do not necessarily represent positions of the W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
Cover design by Carol A.S. Derks. Index prepared by Diane Worden. Printed in the United States of America. Printed on recycled paper.
Contents
Foreword
Acknowledgments
1 Introduction: An Overview of the Health Profession Opportunity Grants Program
Christopher T. King and Philip Young P. Hong
2 Career Pathway and Sector-Based Strategies
Christopher T. King and Heath J. Prince
3 Pairing Program Administration with Evaluation to Build Evidence: The Health Profession Opportunity Grants Program and Federal Evaluation Portfolio
Hilary Bruck, Amelia Popham, and Kim Stupica-Dobbs
4 Descriptive Implementation and Outcome Findings for Health Profession Opportunity Grants 1.0: Findings from the National Implementation Evaluation
Alan Werner, Pamela Loprest, and Robin Koralek
5 Findings from the Tribal Health Profession Opportunity Grants Process and Outcomes Evaluation
Michael Meit, Carol Hafford, Catharine Fromknecht, Noelle Miesfeld, and Emily Phillips
6 Culturally Effective Organizations: Revisiting the Role of Employers in Workforce Development
Janet Boguslaw, Jessica Santos, and Trinidad Tellez
7 Cultural Competency in Workforce Development: Perspectives from a Rural, Native American Project
Loretta Jean Heuer, Cynthia Lindquist, Marilyn G. Klug, and Mary Leff
8 The Importance of Social Support for Low-Income Job Seekers
Cheryl A. Hyde and Karin M. Eyrich-Garg
9 Implementing Career Pathway Training with a Family Focus: The Two-Generation Approach of the Community Action Project of Tulsa, Oklahoma
Teresa Eckrich Sommer, Terri Sabol, Patricia Lindsay Chase-Lansdale, and Christopher T. King
10 Psychological Self-Sufficiency: An Empowerment-Based Theory for Workforce Training and Adult Education
Philip Young P. Hong, Timothy O Brien, Jang Ho Park, Rana Hong, Terri Pigott, and Brian Holland
11 Concluding Observations and Policy Recommendations
Christopher T. King and Philip Young P. Hong
Authors
Index
About the Institute
Foreword
The Health Profession Opportunity Grants (HPOG) program is an important federal effort to improve labor market opportunities for disadvantaged populations and help meet employer demand for skilled labor. It was established by Congress almost 10 years ago to address two important problems: a shortfall in the number of qualified health care workers to meet growing demand, and the increasing need for postsecondary education to secure a job with a living wage for families.
When the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, which contained the authority for the HPOG program, was passed by Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama in March 2010, unemployment was high (the Bureau of Labor Statistics [2010a] reported that the seasonally adjusted unemployment rate for the civilian labor force was 9.9 percent, just slightly below the peak rate of 10 percent that had been recorded just six months earlier). The recession was declared officially over just prior to the ACA s passage, in July 2009, but the recovery lagged, and it took six years for the unemployment rate to return to the 5 percent territory it had occupied before the Great Recession.
When HPOG was implemented, the health care and social assistance sector was projected to gain 5.6 million jobs over the next 10 years-more than any other occupation group (Bureau of Labor Statistics 2010b). Health care jobs are expected to continue growing-14 percent between 2018 and 2028, faster than the average for all occupations-and add about 1.9 million new jobs (again, more jobs than any other occupational group) (Bureau of Labor Statistics 2018). This projected growth is mainly due to an aging population. The timing of HPOG coincides with baby boomers aging and leaving the workforce, which affects both the labor supply and health care demand. The first of the baby boomers turned 65 in 2011. According to the Pew Research Center, from then until 2030 approximately 10,000 baby boomers will reach 65 every day (Passel and Cohn 2008). By 2030, when all baby boomers will have turned 65, fully 18 percent of the nation s population will be at least that age, compared with around 12 percent when HPOG began.
These data underscore the need for programs like HPOG. The grant program is playing an important role in preparing low-income individuals for labor market opportunities and increasing the ranks of qualified workers to meet demand. As the following chapters describe, in HPOG s first round, 32 grants were awarded to government agencies, community-based organizations, postsecondary educational institutions, and tribal-affiliated organizations in 23 states. And over the course of its first five-year grant period, the program served almost 40,000 individuals.
In addition, HPOG is playing a critical role in building evidence about how to meet the needs these data highlight.
At the time of implementation, evidence about the career pathways approach required in the law was thin but promising. The HPOG research and evaluation portfolio-described in this volume-is an important contributor to the evidence base.
As a demonstration program, HPOG s authorizing legislation required that a federal evaluation be undertaken. Of the $85 million appropriated annually for the program, the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) set aside a significant proportion-$10 million per year-for evaluation activities in order to build evidence. ACF developed a thoughtful and comprehensive research and evaluation portfolio that includes eight projects aimed at answering questions about implementation, systems change, outcomes, and impacts. The research and evaluation strategy was also designed to support the collection of program administrative data and to build local program partners capacity to use data and evidence.
The HPOG University Partnership Research Grants are an important component of the strategy. Five University Partnership Research Grants were awarded to support university-led studies developed in partnership with HPOG programs.
The chapters that follow focus on HPOG university partnership research and two of the projects in the portfolio: the National Implementation Study and the HPOG Tribal Evaluation. They provide an overview of findings and lessons and demonstrate the richness of the insights the researchers drew from partnerships with program operators, including those in American Indian/Alaska Native communities.
The findings from the National HPOG Impact Evaluation-36-month impacts and 72-month impacts-will be released in 2019 and 2021, respectively. Those findings will provide answers to a number of questions about program effectiveness. But in the meantime, the pages that follow offer important lessons about program implementation and outcomes and about building partnerships between the research and practice communities. These partnerships pave the way to ensuring that the lessons in this book and those that come later are useful, usable, and ultimately used to improve these programs and-more generally-to benefit the education, training, and employment fields.
On January 14, 2019, President Donald Trump signed the Foundations for Evidence-Based Policymaking Act of 2018 into law. The legislation represents a bipartisan recognition of the importance of data and evidence in helping to design and improve policies and programs. The HPOG research and evaluation agenda and the projects and partnerships described in this volume are excellent examples of how to achieve those goals.
- Molly Irwin, Pew Charitable Trusts
References
Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2010a. Databases, Tables Calculators by Subject. Washington, DC: Bureau of Labor Statistics. https://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS14000000 (last modified September 13, 2019).
__________. 2010b. Occupational Outlook Handbook. Washington, DC: Bureau of Labor Statistics. www.bls.gov/ooh (last modified September 4, 2019).
__________. 2018. Occupational Outlook Handbook: Healthcare Occupations. Washington, DC: Bureau of Labor Statistics. www.bls.gov/ooh (last modified September 4, 2019).
Passel, Jeffrey S., and D Vera Cohn. 2008. U.S. Population Projections: 2005-2050. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to express our appreciation to both Molly Irwin, now at the Pew Charitable Tr