La lecture à portée de main
Vous pourrez modifier la taille du texte de cet ouvrage
Découvre YouScribe en t'inscrivant gratuitement
Je m'inscrisDécouvre YouScribe en t'inscrivant gratuitement
Je m'inscrisVous pourrez modifier la taille du texte de cet ouvrage
Description
Sujets
Informations
Publié par | Self-Counsel Press |
Date de parution | 30 avril 2015 |
Nombre de lectures | 0 |
EAN13 | 9781770409620 |
Langue | English |
Poids de l'ouvrage | 1 Mo |
Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0020€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.
Extrait
Greening Your Home
Successful Eco-Renovation Strategies
Thomas Teuwen & Laura L. Parker
Self-Counsel Press
(a division of)
International Self-Counsel Press Ltd.
USA Canada
Copyright © 2015
International Self-Counsel Press
All rights reserved.
Contents
Cover
Title Page
Introduction
Chapter 1: The Carbon Footprint of Embodied Energy
1. What Is Embodied Energy?
2. Hidden Energy Consumption
3. Explore Functionality of Current Design
4. Where to Draw the Line
Chapter 2: Maximizing the Livable Space in Your Home
Exercise 1: Room Use
1. Maximize the Space in Your Bathroom
2. Make Your Bedroom Multipurpose
3. Utilize the Space in Your Living Room and Dining Room
4. Make Your Kitchen Welcoming to Visitors
5. Share Living Space
6. Consider Zoning Bylaws and Building Codes When Renovating
Exercise 2: Livability of Your Community
Chapter 3: Building for Resale or for Yourself
Exercise 3: Livability of Your Home
1. The Split-Level Home
2. Staying Put in an Ideal Location
3. Resale Value
4. Think outside the Box
Exercise 4: Livability of Your Property
Chapter 4: Building to Last: Key Maintenance Issues
1. Exterior Materials
2. Foundation
3. Perimeter Drain
4. Condensation and the Building Envelope
5. Annual Inspection and Maintenance Tasks
Exercise 5: Exterior: Inspection for Moisture Issues
Exercise 6: Interior: Inspection for Moisture Issues
Chapter 5: Design Features to Improve the Livability of Your Home
1. Venting and Makeup Air
2. Convection
Exercise 7: Improving on the Livability of Your Home
3. Visual Space
4. Strategic Illumination
5. Placement of Windows
6. The Home As a Sanctuary
Chapter 6: Water Conservation and Appliances
1. Water Conservation
2. Water Catchment Systems
3. Gray Water
4. Hot Water Tanks
5. Tankless Water Heaters
6. Appliances
Chapter 7: Green Materials: How to Evaluate the Claims in a Changing World
1. The Progress Trap
2. Forest Stewardship Council® (FSC)
3. Agriboard
4. Bamboo Flooring
5. Vinyl Windows
6. Drywall
7. Siding
Exercise 8: Green Materials: Exterior
8. Quality and Cost
9. Cradle-to-Cradle
Exercise 9: Green Materials: Interior — Use of Current Materials and Fixtures
Exercise 10: Green Materials: Interior — Components in Need of Replacing
Chapter 8: Getting Ready for the Solar Revolution and Why It Matters to You
1. Early Innovators
2. Passive Solar Energy
3. Active Solar Energy
4. Distributed Energy
Exercise 11: Solar Revolution Checklist
Chapter 9: Do It Yourself or Hire a Contractor
1. Leverage Is Your Friend
2. Safety Is Number One
3. Plan Your Renovation
4. Do Your Research before Hiring a Contractor
Exercise 12: Doing the Work Yourself or Hiring a Contractor
Conclusion
Download Kit
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
Notice to Readers
Self-Counsel Press thanks you for purchasing this ebook.
Introduction
Building green is not a new idea. While the concept of our carbon footprint and the focus on carbon reduction is fairly recent, many architects and builders have been aware of the environmental consequences of their decisions since the 1970s. Back then, the focus tended to be on pollution and the toxicity of materials, both inside the home and in their places of processing or manufacturing.
During the oil shock of the 1970s, the push to insulate homes was mostly driven by economic considerations and all types of materials were injected into exterior wall cavities, including the dreaded asbestos. Not only was asbestos included in blown-in insulation but it was also embedded in tiles, sheet flooring, and drywall. There were many false starts, and more than a few dead ends on the road to sustainability, some of which turned out to be disastrous and expensive to remediate.
Insulation without proper vapor barriers proved to be functionally short lived as it absorbs moisture condensing inside the walls. Vapor barriers without proper ventilation proved treacherous as it increases the humidity in the home to the point of triggering uncontrolled and often very unhealthy mold growth. Ventilation without heat recovery soon negates much of the benefit of the insulation.
A home built at the turn of the last century was inherently drafty. The inside of the studs and joists tended to be covered with lath and plaster, put there by an arduous process of nailing thin furring strips perpendicular to the studs with gaps of the right proportions to allow the plaster to be squeezed through, expand, or deform slightly, and hook itself into place.
The outside cladding would typically consist of one layer of planking followed by a layer of birch bark, cardboard, or tar paper, on top of which was placed another layer of shiplap siding. Windows were single pane although the frugal among us might have mounted shutters to be closed during storms or at night.
Storm windows that, in the beginning, would be removed in spring and stored until fall were perhaps the first attempt at improving the energy efficiency of a home. It may have become popular because one of the side benefits of installing these often unsightly aluminum additions was that they prevented condensation and ice buildup on the inside of a single-pane window, which allowed for a clear view during the winter months.
Homes in the last century typically housed large and often extended families. Three, four, and even five bedrooms were commonplace. Kitchens were utilitarian, a place where “women folk” or sometimes servants did the messy work. They were usually situated at the back of the house, hidden from view and fully segregated from the stately dining rooms where as many as 10 or 12 people would gather around at mealtime.
Amazingly, these densely populated, 2,500-square-foot homes often were outfitted with only one water closet, usually separate from the bathroom to maximize its accessibility. Vertical slider windows would provide any desired ventilation and a minimum of one “naturally aspiring, fuel fired vented appliance” (as the building code refers to it now) consisting of a wood or coal stove was present to help suck the stale air out of the building.
We remind ourselves of this history to illustrate that much of our current design and building practices have their roots firmly planted in the legacy of the past. There is a story that is told of a little girl who is watching intently as her mother prepares dinner one afternoon. After the onions and carrots are cut into cubes, the mother carefully unwraps the roast, places it on a cutting board and before nestling it into the pan trims off the ends with a sharp knife.
The little girl, resting her chin on her fist as she peeks over the edge of the counter, asks innocently: “Mommy, why do you cut the ends off the roast before placing it into the pan?”
“You know darling, I’m not sure. I’ve always done it this way because that’s how I learned it when I was a little girl. Let’s go visit your Nana tomorrow and ask her.”
“Nana, Nana, we’ve come to ask you a question!,” the little girl was so excited to be on this quest that she announced their reason for the visit before welcoming hugs were exchanged. “I asked Mommy why she cuts the ends off the roast before putting it in the pan, and she said she learned it from you! Why did you do that, Nana?”
“Good question my child,” was the immediate response. “I suppose I learned it from your Great Grandma. Let’s call her and ask her shall we?”
The phone rang a good long time before the old woman answered it. But the little girl was patient. “Grandma?”
“Yes darling, how wonderful of you to call!”
“Grandma, I watched Mommy cut the ends off her roast yesterday and she told me that is how she learned it from Nana. Then Nana told me that is how she learned it from you. Why, Grandma, why did you cut the ends off the roast before you put it in the pan?”
“Why that’s easy, my darling, I only had one pan and the roast was always too big, so I cut off the ends to make it fit!”
Just because something has been done a certain way for generations does not mean it’s the most appropriate method for the times. Humans are not hardwired to cope easily with change. We prefer the well-worn patterns of habit to the treacherous realm of innovation. Tradespeople, designers, and architects tend to build on past practices; often old concepts are simply adapted to new situations without considering their genesis or even their underlying purpose. Of course, it’s important to build on the knowledge of the past but this should never dissuade us from asking why, and exploring the deeper issues underlying