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A Neighborhood in Ottoman Istanbul , livre ebook

State University of New York Press - Cem Behar

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236 pages

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Description

Combining the vivid and colorful detail of a micro-history with a wider historical perspective, this groundbreaking study looks at the urban and social history of a small neighborhood community (a mahalle) of Ottoman Istanbul, the Kasap Iùlyas. Drawing on exceptionally rich historical documentation starting in the early sixteenth century, Cem Behar focuses on how the Kasap Iùlyas mahalle came to mirror some of the overarching issues of the capital city of the Ottoman Empire. Also considered are other issues central to the historiography of cities, such as rural migration and urban integration of migrants, including avenues for professional integration and the solidarity networks migrants formed, and the role of historical guilds and non-guild labor, the ancestor of the "informal" or "marginal" sector found today in less developed countries.

Preface

INTRODUCTION: THE CITY, THE SEMT, AND THE MAHALLE

The Mahalle and the Semt
The "Islamic City"
The Kasap Ilyas Mahalle
Fluidity and Imprecision
Sources and Issues

1: THE CONTOURS OF A LOCAL IDENTITY

Local Identity: The Formative Sixteenth Century
Mahalle Topography: Boundaries and Landmarks
Houses and Gardens
Streets and Dead Ends
The Population and Inhabitants of a Peripheral Mahalle
Kasap Ilyas' High Street: "Butchers' Road"
Fire and Brimstone

2: POWER AND LOCAL ADMINISTRATION IN KASAP ILYAS: TANZIMAT AND AFTER

The Imam and His Congregation
The Benefits of Local Power: The Case of Aziz Mahmud Efendi
A Case of Peaceful Transition: Imam and Muhtar in Kasap Ilyas
The Administered Body: Early Nineteenth-Century Perspectives

3: MIGRATION AND URBAN INTEGRATION, THE ARAPKIR CONNECTION

The Formation of a Migrant Shelter in Kasap Ilyas: Ispanakci Viranesi and the Arapkirlis
Fruit Vendors and Civil Servants: Provincials and Arapkirlis in 1885
Legal Residence: Regionalism and Nepotism

4: "END OF EMPIRE": PORTRAIT OF A NEIGHBORHOOD COMMUNITY IN THE LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY

Families and Households
Streets, Houses, Warehouses, and Shops: Residential and Commercial Areas in Kasap Ilyas
The Muhtar and his Mahalle: Ruler, Representative, Middleman

EPILOGUE

Appendix

Notes

Bibliography

Index

Volumes in the SUNY Series in the Social and Economic History of the Middle East

Sujets

History of the Middle East

Middle East

Informations

Publié par	State University of New York Press
Date de parution	01 février 2012
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9780791487037
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	4 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,1648€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

Extrait

A Neighborhood in Ottoman Istanbul

SUNY series in the Social and Economic History of the Middle East

Donald Quataert, editor

A Neighborhood in Ottoman Istanbul

Fruit Vendors and Civil Servants in the Kasap ƒlyasMahalle

Cem Behar

State University of New York Press

Published by State University of New York Press, Albany

Printed in the United States of America

No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission. No part of this book may be stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means including electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission in writing of the publisher.

For information, address the State University of New York Press, 90 State Street, Suite 700, Albany, NY 12207

Production by Michael Haggett Marketing by Michael Campochiaro

Library of Congress CataloginginPublication Data

Behar, Cem, 1946– A neighborhood in Ottoman Istanbul : fruit vendors and civil servants in the Kasap Ilyas Mahalle / Cem Behar. p. cm. — (SUNY series in the social and economic history of the Middle East) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-7914-5681-1 (alk. paper) — ISBN 0-7914-5682-X (alk. paper) 1. Kasap ƒlyas Mahalle (Istanbul, Turkey) 2. Istanbul (Turkey)—Social life and customs—History. 3. Istanbul (Turkey)—Economic conditions—History. I. Title. II. Series.

DR738.5.K37 B44 2003 949.61'8—dc21

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

2002030966

For Candan, my ﬁrst reader

This page intentionally left blank.

Preface

Contents

INTRODUCTION: THE CITY,THESEMT,ANDTHEMAHALLE TheMahalle and theSemt The “Islamic City” The Kasap ƒlyasMahalle Fluidity and Imprecision Sources and Issues

CHAPTER 1: THE CONTOURSOFA LOCAL IDENTITY Local Identity: The Formative Sixteenth Century MahalleBoundaries and Landmarks Topography: Houses and Gardens Streets and Dead Ends The Population and Inhabitants of a PeripheralMahalle Kasap ƒlyas’ High Street: “Butchers’ Road” Fire and Brimstone

CHAPTER 2: POWERAND LOCAL ADMINISTRATIONIN KASAPƒLYAS: TANZIMATAND AFTER TheImamand His Congregation The Beneﬁts of Local Power: The Case of Aziz Mahmud Efendi A Case of Peaceful Transition:ImamandMuhtarin Kasap ƒlyas The Administered Body: Early Nineteenth-Century Perspectives

CHAPTER 3: MIGRATIONAND URBAN INTEGRATION: THE ARAPKƒR CONNECTION The Formation of a Migrant Shelter in Kasap ƒlyas: Ispanakçı Viranesithe and Arapkirlis

vii

1 3 7 11 13 18

27 31 35 40 44 49 53 58

65 67 72 78 83

viii

C ONTENTS

Fruit Vendors and Civil Servants: Provincials and Arapkirlis1885 in Legal Residence: Regionalism and Nepotism

CHAPTER“E 4: NDOF EMPIRE”: PORTRAITOFA NEIGHBORHOOD COMMUNITYINTHE LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY Families and Households Streets, Houses, Warehouses, and Shops: Residential and Commercial Areas in Kasap ƒlyas TheMuhtarhis and Mahalle: Ruler, Representative, Middleman

EPILOGUE

Appendix Notes Bibliography Index Volumes in SUNY Series in the Social and Economic History of the Middle East

106 120

131 136

146

160

173

183 185 209 217

225

Preface

As frequently happens, this research came about by chance. It was in 1988, while working on marriage, family, and fertility in late Ottoman Istanbul, that I ﬁrst came across the name of the Kasap ƒlyas neighborhood. This encounter materialized in the form of notebooks and loose folios. These documents had probably been waiting for some time on the stall of a secondhand book dealer in Istanbul. The book dealer, Turan Türkmeno™lu, managed to convince me that these disparate sheets full of an already pale scribble were somehow con-nected with my research on family and fertility patterns. A quick glance at some of the notes on marriage contracts that one of the notebooks contained, made me think that this might be true after all. Upon closer scrutiny, it became clear that these manuscripts constituted an exceptional set of archival documents pertaining to the life and adminis-tration of a single Istanbulmahalle:Kasap ƒlyas. Some of the documents were from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and they had been carefully preserved by the successiveimams and by local headmen (muhtars) of Kasap ƒlyas. These individuals had added, in the late nineteenth century, a large number of notes of their own that had apparently been handed down from onemuhtaranother. The novelty and originality of the data was striking. to The equivalent of these sources exist, to the best of our knowledge, for no other urban neighborhood of Istanbul or, perhaps, of any other Ottoman city. A small portion of these sources and documents have been used as partial and 1 local illustrations in our book onIstanbul Households. However, it did not then occur to me that these documents, highly interesting but nevertheless patchy and disparate, could be used as a basis for an historical study of this singlemahalle. The two articles on the Kasap ƒlyasmahallethat I have published so far (one in 1997 and another in early 1999) have been the object of fruitful criticisms coming from two colleagues: Ferhunde Özbay and Ayhan Aktar. It is due to their encouragement and enthusiasm that I began to consider writing an historical study focusing not on one Ottoman or Middle Eastern city but on a single neighborhood community (amahalle) within an Ottoman

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