Timing and Rulership in Master Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals (Lushi chunqiu) , livre ebook

State University of New York Press - James D. Sellmann

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Master Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals (Lüshi chunqiu) inspired the king who united the warring states to become China's first emperor. In this work on the Lüshi chunqiu, author James D. Sellmann finds that the concept of "proper timing" makes the work's diverse philosophies coherent. He discusses the life and times of its author, Lü Buwei, and the structure of the work. Sellmann also analyzes the role of human nature, the justification of the state, and the significance of cosmic, historical, and personal timing in the Lüshi chunqiu. An organic instrumentalist position begins to emerge from the diverse theories of the Lüshi chunqiu. In conclusion, Sellmann looks at the implications of the syncretic philosophies of the Lüshi chunqiu for contemporary conceptions of time, human nature, political order, and social and environmental ethics.
Acknowledgments
A Note Concerning Conventions Used in This Book

Chapter 1. Introduction: The Lüshi chunqiu's Background and Foreground

Lü Buwei and the LSCQ
Season Timing (chunqiu) and the Nature of the LSCQ
The LSCQ's Impact
The Mythification of History

Chapter 2. The LSCQ's Programmatic Conceptions of Xing: Cultivating Desires in the Process of Life

The LSCQ's Seasonal Arrangement of Traditional Theories on Xing

Chapter 3. An Emergent Social Order

Human Character and Social Order: An Analogy
A Survey of Pre-Qin Organic and Instrumental Positions and Their Impact on the LSCQ
The LSCQ's Uniþed Eclectic Conception on the Origin and Role of the State: An Organic Instrumental Position

Chapter 4. Proper Timing in the Cosmic, Historical, and Moral Realms

Cosmic and Seasonal Proper Timing
Historical Proper Timing
Proper Timing in Moral and Interpersonal Relations

Chapter 5. Applying Proper Timing to Contemporary Issues

Is Social and Political Philosophy Culture Bound?
Contemporary Philosophy and the LSCQ

Appendix I. Phenomenological and Etymological Conceptions of Timing (Shi)

Appendix II. A Study of Xingming zhi Qing in the LSCQ: The Achievement of One's Character (Xing) in One's Natural Relations (Ming)

Notes
Bibliography
Index

Sujets

East Asian religions

History of Asia

China

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Publié par	State University of New York Press
Date de parution	01 février 2012
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9780791489260
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	1 Mo

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Timing and Rulership in
Master Lü’s Spring and Autumn
Annals (Lüshi chunqiu)
ASUNY series in Chinese Philosophy and Culture
David L. Hall and Roger T. Ames, editorsTiming and Rulership in
Master Lü’s Spring and Autumn
Annals (Lüshi chunqiu)
A
James D. Sellmann
State University of New York Press“Four Seasons” drawings by Enyo Yang Kowalski, the author’s aunt
Published by
State University of New York Press, Albany
© 2002 State University of New York
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever
without written permission. No part of this book may be stored in a retrieval system
or transmitted in any form or by any means including electronic, electrostatic,
magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise
without the prior permission in writing of the publisher.
For information, address the State University of New York Press,
State University Plaza, Albany, NY 12246
Production by Judith Block
Marketing by Fran Keneston
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Sellmann, James D. (James Daryl)
Timing and rulership in Master Lü’s Spring and Autumn annals (Lüshi chunqiu) /
James D. Sellmann.
p. cm. (SUNY series in Chinese philosophy and culture)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0–7914–5231–X (alk. paper) — ISBN 0–7914–5232–8 (pbk. : alk. paper)
1. Lè shi chun qiu. I. Title. II. Series.
PL2663.L83 S45 2002
181'.112—dc21
2001031195
CIP
10 9876 54321For my wife, RoniContents
A
Acknowledgments • ix
A Note Concerning Conventions Used in This Book • xi
Chapter 1. Introduction: The Lüshi chunqiu’s Background and Foreground 1
Lü Buwei and the LSCQ • 6
Season Timing (chunqiu) and the Nature of the LSCQ • 11
The LSCQ’s Impact • 17
The Mythification of History • 19
Chapter 2. The LSCQ’s Programmatic Conceptions of Xing:
Cultivating Desires in the Process of Life 25
The LSCQ’s Seasonal Arrangement of
Traditional Theories on Xing •28
Chapter 3. An Emergent Social Order 67
Human Character and Social Order: An Analogy • 68
A Survey of Pre-Qin Organic and Instrumental Positions and
Their Impact on the LSCQ • 70
The LSCQ’s Uniþed Eclectic Conception on the Origin and
Role of the State: An Organic Instrumental Position • 89
Chapter 4. Proper Timing in the Cosmic, Historical, and Moral Realms 117
Cosmic and Seasonal Proper Timing • 118
Historical Proper Timing • 133
Proper Timing in Moral and
Interpersonal Relations • 139
viiviii A
Chapter 5. Applying Proper Timing to Contemporary Issues 151
Is Social and Political Philosophy Culture Bound? • 151
Contemporary Philosophy and the LSCQ • 153
Appendix I. Phenomenological and Etymological Conceptions of Timing (Shi) 191
Appendix II. A Study of Xingming zhi Qing in the LSCQ: The Achievement
of One’s Character (Xing) in One’s Natural Relations (Ming) 199
Notes 207
Bibliography 243
Index 253Acknowledgments
A
The philosophical anthology Lüshi chunqiu (Lü-shih ch’un-ch’iu) contains an
abundance of information concerning pre-Qin (before 221 b.c.e.) culture and
thought. I began to study the Lüshi chunqiu (hereafter LSCQ) in 1980 while
researching the etymology for daoshi (Daoist priest) in the LSCQ’s expression
youdao zhi shi (scholars who comply with the Way). From 1982 to 1983, I translated
the LSCQ under the guidance of Yang Youwei in Taiwan. Without his assistance,
this book would not be possible. A longer draft of this manuscript was presented
to the University of Hawaii in partial fulþllment of the requirements for the
doctorate in Chinese Philosophy in 1990. The University of Guam granted
me sabbatical leave (1998–99) to revise the manuscript.
I am very grateful for the advice and guidance given by Roger T. Ames.
He suggested that I focus the study of the LSCQ on proper timing. His inÿuence
is readily apparent. This book could not have been completed without the
further contribution of the following scholars: Eliot Deutsch guided me through
the intricacies of extrinsic and intrinsic timing; Ken Kipnis encouraged me to
study comparative political theory; Angus C. Graham and James Landers
rectiþed my translations of the LSCQ and commented on the manuscript;
David W. Chappell offered suggestions for improving the manuscript; and Henry
Rosemont Jr. contributed helpful insights on revising the manuscript for
publication. The anonymous reviewers for State University of New York Press made
suggestions for shortening the text. Of course, I am solely responsible for the
errors remaining in this book.
I must acknowledge support from family members and friends. Colleagues,
friends, and classmates entertained numerous hours of discussion. Mary Ann
Santangelo fostered my budding mind, and more recently provided electronic
library support. Enyo and Edward Kowalski brought China closer to home,
and my Aunt Enyo prepared the cover design. Richard W. Sellmann provided
much needed financial support. My wife, Roni, used her art of fengshui to create
my work environment and encouraged me to see this project to its conclusion.
Christopher and Angela reminded me that there is no work without play. I am
indebted to them all.
The editor of Asian Culture Quarterly published by the Asian-Paciþc Cultural
ixx Master Lü’s Spring and Autumn AnnalsA
Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC, granted permission to reprint material from my
articles: “The Lüshi chunqiu on the Ruler’s Use of Proper Timing,” Asian Culture
Quarterly 27:1 (spring 1999): 59–71; “Eco-Ethics: A New Perspective from Guam,”
Asian Culture Quarterly 21:3 (autumn 1993): 47–51; “Seasonality in the
Achievement of Hsing in the Lü-shih ch’un-ch’iu,” Asian Culture Quarterly 18:2 (summer,
1990) 42-68. The Journal of Asian Philosophy allowed me to use material from my
article “The Origin and Role of the State According to the Lüshi chunqiu,” Journal
of Asian Philosophy 9:3 (1999): 193–218. See their web site: http//www.tandf.
CO.UK.A Note Concerning
Conventions Used in This Book
A
All dates mentioned in the body of the text are from before the common era
(b.c.e.) unless otherwise stated. I have merely repeated the traditional dates.
Because of the growing volume of archaeological evidence, these traditional
dates will be revised by the experts, but there is no consensus at this time, so I
have relied on the traditional dates.
I employ the Pinyin system of Romanization. However, to assist the reader
who may be more familiar with the Wade–Giles system, I have included that
system of romanization in parentheses for a few key names and concepts when
they þrst appear. I have not modiþed the spelling of the names of those authors
who are published and well known in the West under their own unique Romanized
name, such as Fung Yu-lan or Kung-chuan Hsiao (instead of Feng Youlan and
Gongquan Xiao). I realize that this is inconsistent and may confuse the
beginning student, but I do not have the right to change a person’s name. To save
time, energy, ink, and paper, I abbreviate Lüshi chunqiu as LSCQ. Because there
is no way of telling how many authors or editors had a hand in the
construction of LSCQ, I have found it convenient to anthropomorphize the text. For
instance, I say “the text describes,” rather than “the authors or editors describe.”
xiA
Chapter 1
Introduction:
The Lüshi chunqiu’s Background and Foreground
n the third century before the common era (b.c.e.; all dates are b.c.e.
unless noted otherwise), the kingdoms on the central plains of China encoun-Itered a period of intense warfare. Out of the various feudal principalities
turned kingdoms, only one would stand as victor and uniþer. In 256 b.c.e., the
Qin army vanquished the vestiges of the imperial house of Zhou, ofþcially
terminating that dynasty. At that time, Qin was not prepared to do battle with
the remaining seven kingdoms. Master Lü’s Spring and Autumn Annals (Lüshi chunqiu
or Lü-shih ch’un-ch’iu) was written during a lull in Qin’s battles when the child
king, Zheng (259–210 b.c.e.), reigned (traditional reign 246–221). Zheng uniþed
the empire and became the self-proclaimed þrst-generation emperor of Qin
(Qin shihuangdi, or Ch’in Shih Huang-ti, reigned as emperor from 221–210).
Lüshi chunqiu was completed in 241 b.c.e. at the estate of Lü Buwei (Lü Pu-wei),
the prime minister of Qin and tutor to the child king, Zheng. A decade after
the completion of the Lüshi chunqiu, King Zheng began the ensuing nine years
of fervent warfare that led to uniþcation of the empire in 221. Before the
politi1cal uniþcation, Lüshi chunqiu created a philosophical consolidation. The Lüshi
chunqiu performed an important function in the l