Devil's Redemption : 2 Volumes , livre ebook

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2018 Book Award Winner, The Gospel Coalition (Academic Theology)A Choice Outstanding Academic Title for 2019Will all evil finally turn to good, or does some evil remain stubbornly opposed to God and God's goodness? Will even the devil be redeemed? Addressing a theological issue of perennial interest, this comprehensive book (in two volumes) surveys the history of Christian universalism from the second to the twenty-first century and offers an interpretation of how and why universalist belief arose. The author explores what the church has taught about universal salvation and hell and critiques universalism from a biblical, philosophical, and theological standpoint. He shows that the effort to extend grace to everyone undermines the principle of grace for anyone.

Sujets

Philosophie et théologie

Christian theology

History of religions

Christianity

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Publié par	Baker Publishing Group
Date de parution	05 juin 2018
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9781493406616
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	5 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,2592€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

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Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
© 2018 by Michael J. McClymond
Published by Baker Academic
a division of Baker Publishing Group
PO Box 6287, Grand Rapids, MI 49516-6287
www.bakeracademic.com
Ebook edition created 2018
Ebook corrections 02.17.2020
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—for example, electronic, photocopy, recording—without the prior written permission of the publisher. The only exception is brief quotations in printed reviews.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is on file at the Library of Congress, Washington, DC.
ISBN 978-1-4934-0661-6
Unless indicated otherwise, translations of ancient works are those of the author.
Unless indicated otherwise, Scripture quotations are from The Holy Bible, English Standard Version® (ESV®), copyright © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. Used by permission. All rights reserved. ESV Text Edition: 2011
Scripture quotations labeled KJV are from the King James Version of the Bible.
Scripture quotations labeled NASB are from the New American Standard Bible® (NASB), copyright © 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. www.Lockman.org
Appendix D was originally published as Michael McClymond, “ Origenes Vindicatus vel Rufinus Redivivus ? A Review of Ilaria Ramelli’s The Christian Doctrine of Apokatastasis (2013),” Theological Studies 76, no. 4, pp. 813–26. Copyright © 2015 Michael McClymond. Reprinted by permission of SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040563915605264
Dedication
This book is dedicated to my teachers at Yale University Divinity School:
Sydney Ahlstrom, Brevard Childs, Hans Frei, Rowan Greer, Richard Hays, Lansing Hicks, Paul Holmer, Timothy Jackson, Robert K. Johnston, David Kelsey, Bonnie Kittel, George Lindbeck, Jaroslav Pelikan, and Lamin Sanneh;
and to my teachers at the University of Chicago Divinity School:
Jerald Brauer, Brian Gerrish, Langdon Gilkey, W. Clark Gilpin, Martin Marty, Bernard McGinn, Frank Reynolds, Susan Schreiner, and David Tracy.
Contents
Cover i
Title Page ii
Copyright Page iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgments xiii
Abbreviations xvii
Prologue xix
Volume 1
Introduction 1
0.1. Uncovering a Gnostic-Kabbalistic-Esoteric Tradition 2
0.2. Linking Esoteric Universalism in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam 4
0.3. Two Christian Strands: Origenism and Böhmism 7
0.4. The Theme of Divine Self-Alienation and Self-Return 9
0.5. Contrasts between Esoteric and Exoteric Christian Theologies 11
0.6. Theological Issues: Preexistence, Wisdom, Punishment, and Rationalism 14
0.7. The Late Twentieth-Century Tilt toward Universalism 18
0.8. Divine Drama in Bulgakov, Barth, Balthasar, Tillich, and Moltmann 19
0.9. Scripture, Reason, and Experience in Universalist Argumentation 21
0.10. A Theological Irony: Universalism’s Eclipse of Grace 23
1. Final Salvation: Church Teachings and Newer Views 27
1.1. Mainline Protestants: The Turn toward Universalism 30
1.2. Roman Catholics: Traditionalists versus “Hopeful Universalists” 34
1.3. Eastern Orthodoxy: Official Teachings and Private Opinions 39
1.4. Evangelicals, Pentecostals, and Charismatics: Newcomers to Universalism 45
1.5. Should Everyone Be Told? Universalism as a Secret Gospel 46
1.6. Christ’s Descent to the Dead and the Larger Hope 51
1.7. The Old Catholic Purgatory and the New 64
1.8. Protestants Debating Hell: From the Seventeenth to Nineteenth Centuries 77
1.9. Recent Catholic Discussions of Death and Hell 98
1.10. British Evangelicals and the Debate over Conditionalism 108
1.11. Summary and Conclusions on Church Teachings 118
2. Ancient Afterlives: The Gnostic, Kabbalistic, and Esoteric Roots of Christian Universalism 125
2.1. Near Eastern and Greco-Roman Cultures: From Shadows to Immortal Souls 130
2.2. Jewish Afterlives: Bodies, Souls, Resurrection, and Judgment 141
2.3. Evidence for Second- and Third-Century Gnostic Universalism 144
2.4. Medieval Gnosis: Catharist Universalism 155
2.5. Core Concepts of Kabbalah 158
2.6. Universalist Tendencies in Kabbalah 170
2.7. Early Christian Cabala: Guillaume Postel 176
2.8. Dutch Jews in the 1600s: The Morteira-Aboab Debate on Eternal Punishment 180
2.9. Multilevel Heavens in Swedenborgianism and Mormonism 200
2.10. The Universalism of Sadhu Sundar Singh 215
2.11. Gnostic and Esoteric Models for Reunion with the Divine 220
2.12. Summary and Conclusions on Gnostic, Kabbalistic, and Esoteric Universalisms 228
3. “The End Is like the Beginning”: Origen and Origenism, 200–410 CE 231
3.1. The Modern Rehabilitation of Origen and Origenism 235
3.2. The Question of Origen’s Texts 238
3.3. Clement of Alexandria and the Question of Universalism 239
3.4. Origen’s Intellectual Backdrop and Cosmic Vision 246
3.5. The Vexatious Issue of Preexistent Souls 251
3.6. Origen’s Theology: God, Souls, Angels, Demons, Salvation, and the Eschaton 254
3.7. Origen’s Biblical Interpretation and the Cleansing Fire of Conscience 267
3.8. Debated Issues on Origen and the Arguments of the Anti-Origenians 272
3.9. Gregory of Nyssa’s Revised Origenism 278
3.10. Final Confluence in Evagrius of Pontus 292
3.11. The First Origenist Controversy, I: Beginnings under Epiphanius 299
3.12. The First Origenist Controversy, II: Conflict in Egypt under Theophilus 305
3.13. The First Origenist Controversy, III: The Jerome-Rufinus Debate 309
3.14. Summary and Conclusions on Origen and Origenism, 200–410 CE 317
4. “That God May Be All in All”: Origen and Origenism, 410–1700 CE 321
4.1. Fifth-Century Coptic Anti-Origenism: Shenoute of Atripe 325
4.2. Non-Universalist Syriac Authors: Aphrahat, Ephrem, Isaac of Antioch, and Narsai 329
4.3. Augustine’s Conceptual Analysis and Critique of Origen 333
4.4. Hierarchical Neoplatonism: Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite 338
4.5. Stephen bar Sudaili and the Book of the Holy Hierotheos 344
4.6. Bar Sudaili and Thirteenth-Century Mesopotamia: Bar Hebraeus, George Washnaya, and Simon the Persecuted 352
4.7. Sixth-Century Origenism in the Letters of Severus of Antioch and Barsanuphius 356
4.8. Maximus the Confessor’s Critique of Origenism 364
4.9. The Universalist Theology of Isaac the Syrian 369
4.10. The Speculative System of John Scotus Eriugena 374
4.11. Thomas Aquinas as a Critic of Origen 384
4.12. Soundings in European Origenism, 1200–1650 CE 390
4.13. Origenism in Seventeenth-Century England: Rust, Parker, and Conway 405
4.14. Origenism’s “Swan Song”: The Bayle–Le Clerc Exchange 418
4.15. Toward Universalist Rationalism: Andrew Michael Ramsay and David Hartley 422
4.16. Summary and Conclusions on Origen and Origenism, 410–1700 CE 433
5. “In Yes and No All Things Consist”: The Theosophic World of Jakob Böhme and the Böhmists of Germany, England, America , France, and Russia 441
5.1. Jakob Böhme: Life and Legend 445
5.2. Divergent Interpretations of Böhme’s Thought 451
5.3. An Outline and Summary of Böhme’s Theology 459
5.4. The Böhmist Shift to Universalism 479
5.5. Böhmist Receptions: Sectarian, Churchly, Esoteric, Literary, and Philosophical 482
5.6. Johann Georg Gichtel and the Early German Böhmists 487
5.7. Gerrard Winstanley, Jane Lead, and the Philadelphian Movement in England 491
5.8. Johann and Johanna Petersen and German and German-American Pietistic Universalism 509
5.9. British Böhmism: William Law, George MacDonald, Andrew Jukes, and Thomas Erskine 516
5.10. Universalism against a Backdrop of French Illuminism, Esotericism, and Occultism 536
5.11. Martines de Pasqually and the Emergence of French Martinism 541
5.12. Martinism under Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin 549
5.13. The Rise of Russian Böhmism prior to Solovyov 558
5.14. Summary and Conclusions on Böhme and Böhmist Universalism 563
6. A House Divided: The Rise and Fall of the Anglo-American Universalists 569
6.1. Sectarians and Pietists: German Roots of American Universalism 573
6.2. George de Benneville and Paul Siegvolck’s Everlasting Gospel 576
6.3. Caleb Rich and Body-Soul Dualism 580
6.4. James Relly and Calvinistic Universalism 582
6.5. John Murray and Rellyan Universalism in America 590
6.6. Elhanan Winchester and Transatlantic Restorationist Universalism 592
6.7. From Calvinism to Universalism to Unitarianism in Britain 595
6.8. Hosea Ballou and the Restorationist Controversy 598
6.9. Internal Tensions and Contradictions in Anglo-American Universalism 601
6.10. Summary and Conclusions on Anglo-American Universalism 605
Volume 2
7. German Thinkers: Kant and Müller, Schleiermacher and Hegel, Schelling and Tillich 609
7.1. The Kantian Legacy of Transcendental Selfhood 611
7.2. Müller’s Quasi-Origenist Non-universalism 618
7.3. Schleiermacher on Universal Election and Human Solidarity 623
7.4. Hegel as Rationalist and Esotericist 631
7.5. Hegel and the Consummation of Absolute Spirit 640
7.6. A Theological Critique of Hegel’s Thought 653
7.7. Schelling’s Speculative Reinterpretation of Creation, Fall, and Redemption 657
7.8. Tillich’s “Half-Way Demythologization” of the Fall and Restoration of Souls 664
7.9. Summary and Conclusions on German Thinkers 679
8. Russian Thinkers: Solovyov, Berdyaev, Florovsky, and Bulgakov 685
8.1. The Russian Background, I: Orthodoxy, Idealism, and Böhmism 688
8.2. The Russian Background, II: Freemasonry and Esotericism 691
8.3. Vladimir Solovyov and the Roots of Russian Sophiology 693
8.4. Solovyov’s Universalist Vision of “All-Unity” 699
8.5. Nicolas Berdyaev and Hell’s Irresolvable Paradoxes 705
8.6. The Metaphysical Foundations of Sergius Bulgakov’s Dogmatics 712
8.7. Bulgakov and Florovsky in the Sophiological Debate 721
8.8. Bulgakov’s The Bride of the Lamb and the Arguments for Universalism 728
8.9. Summary and Conclusions on Russian Thinkers 743
9. Debating Universal Election: Karl Barth, Barth’s