Baker Compact Dictionary of Theological Terms , livre ebook

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128 pages

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Quickly Find and Understand Key Theological TermsChristianity is a faith built upon the Word and understood through words, both written and spoken, handed down for centuries. But many of the terms used in both the Scriptures and theological writings are unfamiliar or misunderstood. For the Christian desiring a more clear and robust understanding of these terms, this book offers concise definitions of six hundred of the most significant words at the heart of the Christian faith, including terms related to:· doctrine (e.g., the atonement, the church)· biblical concepts (e.g., Messiah, Son of Man)· church practices (e.g., anointing of the sick, immersion)· philosophical concepts (e.g., a priori, compatibilism)· people (e.g., Thomas Aquinas, John Wesley)· councils (e.g., Councils of Nicea I and II, Council of Trent)· movements (e.g., Protestantism, Pentecostalism)· documents (e.g., the Chalcedonian Creed, Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy)· and moreStudents of the Bible, college and seminary students, and anyone who desires to deepen their understanding of the Christian faith will find this an indispensable resource.

Sujets

Philosophie et théologie

Christian theology

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Publié par	Baker Publishing Group
Date de parution	17 mai 2016
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9781493404858
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	1 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0288€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

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Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
© 2016 by Baker Publishing Group
Published by Baker Books
a division of Baker Publishing Group
P.O. Box 6287, Grand Rapids, MI 49516-6287
www.bakerbooks.com
Ebook edition created 2016
Ebook corrections 10.24.2019
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—for example, electronic, photocopy, recording—without the prior written permission of the publisher. The only exception is brief quotations in printed reviews.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is on file at the Library of Congress, Washington, DC.
ISBN 978-1-4934-0485-8
Unless otherwise indicated, Scripture quotations are from The Holy Bible, English Standard Version® (ESV®), copyright © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. Used by permission. All rights reserved. ESV Text Edition: 2007
Scripture quotations labeled HCSB are from the Holman Christian Standard Bible, copyright 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003 by Holman Bible Publishers. Used by permission.
Scripture quotations labeled KJV are from the King James Version of the Bible.
Scripture quotations labeled NASB are from the New American Standard Bible®, copyright © 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission.
Scripture quotations labeled NIV are from the Holy Bible, New International Version®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.™ Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved worldwide. www.zondervan.com
Dedication
This Compact Dictionary is dedicated to my grandchildren. I pray that as you learn the basic theology defined in it, your childlike trust in Jesus Christ will grow to become a mature and settled faith. I hope that this book will help foster a deep love for our Triune God and a sacrificial commitment to missional endeavors for the sake of the kingdom.
Contents
Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Introduction
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X–Z
Appendix of French, German, and Korean Terms
Back Cover
Introduction
The Baker Compact Dictionary of Theological Terms is designed for people who seek a concise understanding of the most significant words at the heart of the Christian faith.
When God reveals himself, a key means of his self-disclosure is through words. When God called Abraham, he commanded this pagan to leave his country and family and to settle in an unknown land. Then God promised to make Abraham a blessing to the whole world (Gen. 12:1–3). God spoke in human words, and Abraham obeyed and trusted him. When Jesus called Peter and Andrew, he told them, “Follow me, and I will make you fishers of men.” God the Son spoke in human words, and these men followed and were transformed into Jesus’s first disciples (Matt. 4:19–20). Of course, the pinnacle of worded revelation—Scripture—is the Word of God in human words.
Similarly, words are vital to the church as it constructs its theology. The essential beliefs about the Christian faith cover many areas: God, Scripture, humanity, Jesus Christ, sin, salvation, the Holy Spirit, the church, last things. Each of these theological topics has its own specific terms: Trinity, inspiration, the image of God, hypostatic union, concupiscence, justification, sanctification, baptism, the millennium. For ease in understanding the most significant theological terms at the heart of the Christian faith, this dictionary was written.
This is a compact dictionary: it contains about six hundred terms, each of which is defined in roughly one hundred words. Its concise nature means that many terms had to be left out. Still, the six hundred that are included are the most important terms, those that readers of theology books and other theological resources will come upon over and over again. Its concise nature also means that each definition is very tight, sticking to essential matters. Much more could be written, but each term’s succinct definition avoids extraneous ideas and nuanced discussion.
This dictionary has a specific use. My hope is that readers, when reading a theology book, listening to a lecture about some theological topic, or hearing a sermon on a Christian doctrine, will consult this dictionary for the definition of terms that are not explained. For example: What is meant by the eternal generation of the Son in discussions about the ontological Trinity ? Or what is the difference between total depravity and total inability in debates about original sin ? Still again, what is the distinction between transubstantiation , consubstantiation , memorial view , and spiritual presence with regard to the presence of Christ in the celebration of the Lord’s Supper ? Simple navigation of the alphabetical ordering of terms is all that is required to find the definition of these terms and to be able to answer these important questions that people have about theological matters.
The theological terms included in this Compact Dictionary are of a few general types: doctrines (e.g., the atonement, the church), biblical terms that are important for theology (e.g., Messiah, Son of Man), church practices (e.g., anointing of the sick, immersion), philosophical terms that are important for theology (e.g., a posteriori , a priori , compatibilism), persons (e.g., John Wesley, Thomas Aquinas), councils (e.g., Councils of Nicea I and II, Council of Trent), movements (e.g., Protestantism, Pentecostalism), and documents (e.g., the Chalcedonian Creed, Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy).
Every book is written from a certain perspective, so this dictionary reflects my theological outlook. Most broadly, I am a Christian, championing the general theological consensus or tradition that has been handed down from Jesus and his apostles through the early church to today. More particularly, I am a Protestant, following the legacy of Martin Luther, John Calvin, and their successors. More specifically yet, I am an evangelical, standing in the heritage of this expansive movement that is centered on the evangel, or gospel, of Jesus Christ. Accordingly, this dictionary’s theological terms are defined from an evangelical perspective.
A few features of this book need a brief explanation: Cross-references : After each term, I provide a list of other key theological terms that are related to it. For a fuller grasp of its definition, readers should consult these additional terms. Word origins : In many cases, I provide the etymology, or origin, of a theological term. Even readers who are unfamiliar with Latin, Greek, and Hebrew will be helped by this feature as they gain a sense of where these terms originated. Translations : In the appendix, I have listed three hundred of the most important theological terms and have provided, with the help of native speakers, the equivalent for them in French, German, and Korean. Only the theological term, not its definition, is translated. This feature is designed to help English speakers who, for research purposes, are learning French and German. It is also designed to help the many Korean students enrolled in North American and British universities and seminaries as they take courses in theology and need some help to master these terms in English.
All books are a collaborative undertaking, and I would like to express appreciation to my acquisitions editor, Brian Vos. He first proposed the idea of this dictionary, championed the proposal, and provided encouragement and counsel during the writing process. I also want to thank Baker Books for the opportunity to design and write this dictionary and other projects on which I am working. A special nod goes to Justin Holcomb for making this dictionary better. Finally, I am very thankful to François Turcotte, Lars Kierspel, and Byoungjim Kim for their translation work in French, German, and Korean, respectively.
The Baker Compact Dictionary of Theological Terms is dedicated to my grandchildren, who at the time of its writing are Caleb, Alia, Zoe, and Ethan Schneringer, and Annelie, Hudson Roy, and Vaughan Schuetz. I anticipate that more will be added to this list. To all of you born and still to come, I love you and am so thankful that I can be your Doc.
A
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A POSTERIORI / A PRIORI With respect to the doctrine of God, two types of arguments for God’s existence. A posteriori (Lat., “from what comes after”) knowledge is based on experience, and a priori (Lat., “from what comes before” or “prior to”) knowledge is prior to or independent of experience. Ontological arguments for God’s existence are a priori arguments, reasoning from the concept of God’s being. Cosmological, teleological, and moral arguments are a posteriori arguments, reasoning from observations of the world, its purpose/design, and moral experience.
ABRAHAMIC COVENANT The structured relationship that God established with Abraham (Gen. 12–17), consisting of typical covenantal features. This covenant (1) was unilateral, initiated by God, who passed between the pieces of animals while Abraham slept; (2) created a structured relationship between God and his partners, Abraham and his future innumerable offspring; (3) featured binding obligations, including the divine purpose to make of Abraham a great nation (with its own promised land), to bless him, and to make him a blessing or a curse to others; and (4) involved the sign of circumcision for all boys when they were eight days old. See also circumcision; covenant.
ACCOMMODATION God’s act of condescending to human capacity in his revelation of himself. Though affirmed earlier in history, this doctrine is especially associated with John Calvin. He underscored the appropriateness of God, who is infinitely exalted, accommodating himself to human weakness so that his adjusted revelation would be intelligible to its recipients.