35 Doctors of the Church , livre ebook

TAN Books - O.F.M.Cap. Rev. Fr. Christopher Rengers

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508 pages

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"The declaration that a saint is a Doctor of the Universal Church implies the recognition of a charism of wisdom bestowed by the Holy Spirit for the good of the Church . . ." - Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI The 35 Doctors of the Church presents the most comprehensive and fasci-nating collection available anywhere on the lives and labors of the saints who have been declared the Church's Doctors. From St. Athanasius (c. 297-373) to St. Therese of Lisieux (1873-1897), you'll find the amazing stories of 35 extraordinary men and women who are honored both for their holiness and for the eminence of their teachings about the Faith. Their work and witness are truly timeless; their lives and wisdom show us how to be holy in our own lives, how to confront the challenges of today, and how to proclaim the Gospel to a modern world hungering for Jesus Christ. Originally published as The 33 Doctors of the Church by Father Christopher Rengers, O.F.M. Cap., The 35 Doctors of the Church has been updated by Dr. Matthew E. Bunson, K.H.S., to include two new chapters about recently pro-claimed Doctors, St. John of Avila and St. Hildegard of Bingen. The revised edition also includes a new Introduction with a detailed explanation of how the Church proclaims Doctors and their meaning for today.

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Philosophie et théologie

Catholic Church

Prayer

Christianity

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Publié par	TAN Books
Date de parution	01 août 2014
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9781618906489
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	2 Mo

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Saint Lawrence of Brindisi “The Apostolic Doctor” 1559–1619

NIHIL OBSTAT:
Rev. Joseph Mindling, O.F.M. Cap.
Censor Deputatus
IMPRIMI POTEST: IMPRIMI POTEST: Very Rev. William Wiethorn, Very Rev. Paul Kuppe, O.F.M. Cap. O.F.M. Cap. Provincial Provincial September 1, 1993 September 25, 2000
NIHIL OBSTAT:
Reverend Isidore Dixon
Censor Deputatus
IMPRIMATUR:
Most Reverend William E. Lori
Vicar General for the Archdiocese of Washington
Washington, D.C.
November 30, 2000
The Nihil Obstat and Imprimatur are official declarations that a book or pamphlet is free of doctrinal or moral error. No implication is contained therein that those who have granted the Nihil Obstat and the Imprimatur agree with the content, opinions or statements expressed.
This is a revised and updated version of the book originally entitled The 33 Doctors of the Church , copyright © 2000 TAN Books. It includes a new introduction and two new chapters on St. Hildegard of Bingen and St. John of Ávila, who were declared new Doctors of the Church by Pope Benedict XVI on October 7, 2012.
“Introduction to the Revised Edition”; chapter 21, “St. Hildegard of Bingen”; and chapter 27, “St. John of Ávila,” by Matthew E. Bunson, copyright © 2014 TAN Books.
All rights reserved. With the exception of short excepts used in articles and critical reviews, no part of this work may be reproduced, transmitted, or stored in any form whatsoever, printed or electronic, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Cataloging-in-Publication data on file with the Library of Congress.
ISBN: 978-1-61890-648-9
Library of Congress Control No.: 91-65353
Cover Illustrations: St. John of the Cross—anonymous 17th-c. portrait, Carmel of Valladolid; St. Thérèse of Lisieux—portrait by her sister Celine, courtesy of Society of the Little Flower, Darien, IL; St. Peter Canisius—portrait by Xavier Dietrich, courtesy of Canisius College, Buffalo, NY. For credits on other cover illustrations, see below or see the credit line on the illustration in the respective chapter.
The following icons have been reproduced in and/or on the cover of this book courtesy of Monastery Icons, Borrego Springs, California (800-729-4952): St. Athanasius (cover and inside) © 1989 by Monastery Icons; St. Ephrem (inside) © 1982 by Monastery Icons; St. Cyril of Jerusalem (inside) © 1994 by Monastery Icons; St. Ambrose (inside) © 1991 by Monastery Icons; St. Jerome (cover and inside) © 1997 by Monastery Icons; St. Augustine (cover) © 1993 by Monastery Icons; St. Cyril of Alexandria (inside) © 1989 by Monastery Icons; St. Leo the Great (inside) © 1994 by Monastery Icons; St. John of Damascus (inside) © 1991 by Monastery Icons.
Typeset by Lapiz Digital Services.
Printed and bound in the United States of America.

TAN Books
Charlotte, North Carolina
www.TANBooks.com
2014
To All My Teachers …
Beginning with parents and grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, friends;
On to teachers in kindergarten and in wood-working at public schools in Pittsburgh, PA;
To nuns at grade schools in the Pittsburgh Diocese: St. Joseph’s, Bloomfield; St. Mary’s, 46th St.; St. Mary of the Mount; St. Wendelin’s, Carrick;
To Capuchin Friars at Herman, PA; Victoria, Kansas; Washington, D.C.; and in the novitiate at Cumberland, MD;
To Jesuits and lay teachers at St. Louis University; lay and clergy teachers in Adult Ed at Catholic University;
To teachers for special courses at Hays State, KS and Bowling Green State at Bowling Green, OH; and to the chaplains at the V.A. Hospital, Washington, D.C.;
And all along, to bishops, priests and deacons proclaiming and explaining the Gospel and exhorting us to use the Sacraments and lead a good life;
And to the silent teachers speaking in measured voices from many good books—a long and varied list deserving gratitude for being shapers of mind and heart.

May they rest in peace or continue in life
until we all meet happily in Heaven
with the Doctors of the Church,
those most eminent shapers of minds and hearts in
the Church founded by Jesus Christ.
CONTENTS
Preface
Acknowledgments
Bibliographical Note
Introduction
Introduction to the Revised Edition
1. St. Athanasius
The Father of Orthodoxy c. 297–373
2. St. Ephrem
Harp of the Holy Ghost Mary’s Own Singer Father of Hymnody c. 306–c. 373
3. St. Cyril of Jerusalem
Doctor of Catechesis c. 315–386
4. St. Hilary of Poitiers
The Athanasius of the West c. 315–c. 368
5. St. Gregory Nazianzen
The Theologian The Christian Demosthenes c. 329–c. 389
6. St. Basil the Great
Father of Eastern Monasticism c. 329–379
7. St. Ambrose
Patron of the Veneration of Mary c. 340–397
8. St. Jerome
Father of Biblical Science c. 342–c. 420
9. St. John Chrysostom
The Golden-Mouthed Doctor of the Eucharist c. 347–407
10. St. Augustine
Doctor of Grace Doctor of Doctors 354–430
11. St. Cyril of Alexandria
Doctor of the Incarnation Seal of the Fathers c. 376–444
12. Pope St. Leo the Great
Doctor of the Unity of the Church c. 400–461
13. St. Peter Chrysologus
The Golden-Worded c. 406–c. 450
14. Pope St. Gregory the Great
The Greatest of the Great c. 540–604
15. St. Isidore of Seville
Schoolmaster of the Middle Ages c. 560–636
16. St. Bede the Venerable
Father of English History c. 673–735
17. St. John Damascene
Doctor of Christian Art Doctor of the Assumption c. 676–c. 749
18. St. Peter Damian
Monitor of the Popes c. 1007–1072
19. St. Anselm
Father of Scholasticism Defender of the Rights of the Church 1033–1109
20. St. Bernard of Clairvaux
The Mellifluous Doctor Oracle of the Twelfth Century Thaumaturgus of the West Arbiter of Christendom The Last of the Fathers c. 1090–1153
21. St. Hildegard of Bingen
The Teutonic Prophetess Sibyl of the Rhine 1098–1179
22. St. Anthony of Padua
Doctor of the Gospel Hammer of Heretics Ark of Both Covenants 1195–1231
23. St. Albert the Great
( Albertus Magnus ) The Universal Doctor c. 1206–1280
24. St. Bonaventure
The Seraphic Doctor c. 1221–1274
25. St. Thomas Aquinas
The Angelic Doctor The Common Doctor c. 1225–1274
26. St. Catherine of Siena
The Seraphic Virgin Mystic of the Incarnate Word Mystic of the Mystical Body of Christ 1347–1380
27. St. John of Ávila
Apostle of Andalusia The Master 1499–1569
28. St. Teresa of Ávila
Doctor of Prayer 1515–1582
29. St. Peter Canisius
Doctor of the Catechism 1521–1597
30. St. Robert Bellarmine
Prince of Apologists Gentle Doctor of The Controversies 1542–1621
31. St. John of the Cross
Doctor of Mystical Theology 1542–1591
32. St. Lawrence of Brindisi
The Apostolic Doctor 1559–1619
33. St. Francis de Sales
The Gentleman Doctor Patron of the Catholic Press Everyman’s Spiritual Director 1567–1622
34. St. Alphonsus Liguori
Prince of Moralists Most Zealous Doctor Patron of Confessors and Moral Theologians 1696–1787
35. St. Thérèse of Lisieux
Doctor of The Little Way of Spiritual Childhood Doctor of Merciful Love 1873–1897

Appendix I: Feast Days
Appendix II: Office of Readings
PREFACE
“O blessed doctor, light of holy Church and lover of God’s law, pray to the Son of God for us.”
This antiphon—to be recited or sung at the beginning and end of Our Lady’s hymn, The Magnificat , during vespers for the feast of a Doctor of the Church—was one of the distinguishing marks of the common prayers of the Divine Office for such feasts which were introduced into the liturgy by Pope Boniface VIII (1294–1303) in 1298. The antiphon underscores the connection of a Doctor of the Church with light and love, with God’s law, with the Church and with the Son of God.
Today, the word “doctor” would probably conjure up in most people’s minds the image of one who is a specialist in caring for physical or mental health. But that was not its original meaning. For one thing, medical practice was not always associated with the term “doctor.” In the early days of surgery, for example, one went to the barber, the only person in town who had the kinds of instruments needed for those primitive operations. The red and white poles which hang outside barber shops are hold-overs from that earlier time, their “medical” origins, now mostly forgotten.
The term “doctor” originally derived from the Latin word docere , “to teach.” It designated anyone whose knowledge qualified him to teach, and therefore not necessarily one who would be skilled in caring for human health. But, as such, “doctors” were experts in promoting a certain kind of health—you might even say the most important kind: that health of soul and spirit which comes from knowing the truth.
“And you shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free.” ( John 8:32). A human being cannot be free and therefore cannot be wholly human—cannot be personally and spiritually healthy—unless he or she knows the truth. Pontius Pilate asked Jesus: “What is truth?” ( John . 18:38). If his question was not just one of those cruel taunts which were tossed at Jesus, the silent Lamb, during His Passion, then it shows that Pilate was at least wise enough to know that he did not yet know the truth and that he wanted to find it. Had he been able really to see Jesus for who He is, he would have found the answer to his question. “I am the way, and the truth, and the life.” ( John 14:6). “And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, and we saw his glory, the glory as of the only-begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth.” ( John 1:14).
“Doctors of the Church” are people who have seen the glory of Jesus Christ, full of grace and truth. In addition, by cooperating with God’s special graces and by employing as well as possible their unique intellectual and pedagogical gifts, they are persons who have succeeded in an outstanding way in communicating the truth they have contemplated in Jesus. As such they a