Lectures on Modern Idealism , livre ebook

Forgotten Books - Josiah Royce

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275 pages

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Whilst the greatest effort has been made to ensure the quality of this text, due to the historical nature of this content, in some rare cases there may be minor issues with legibility. To literary distinction such as the Spirit of Modern Philosophy possesses the present lectures can evidently lay no claim. In range and depth, however, they surpass the chronicle of the same period in the earlier volume. There we have but a brief recital of the mam phases of post-kantian doctrine, here an examination of its his torical foundation, its logical roots, its human as well as its technical motives. The selection of topics is here more rigorous and the interest more prevailingly theo retical. Moreover, what is here deliberately avoided is the familiar and conventional' reproduction of post-kant ian thought. The usual method of the usual textbooks is here not repeated. In vain do we here look for the hackneyed themes of a hundred histories of philosophy. Royce does not seek the successors of Kant in the obvious tracts of ideas. He searches for them in the neglected aspects, the buried documents, the forgotten theses. These reveal to him the true meaning of their teachings; these disclose to him the spirit of the post-kantian move ment. In the' early works of Schelling, for instance, Royce finds the pulse Of the dialectical method, and in the Phenomenology rather than In the Logic he discovers the soul of Hegel. And, though the present study is wanting in completeness, there is no shirking of the most difficult problems but rather a choosing of them and a discussion of them' with a power, adequacy and clear ness which, as we look about, Royce alone seemed able to summon to such a task.

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Philosophie et théologie

Philosophy

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Publié par	Forgotten Books
Date de parution	27 novembre 2019
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9780243684335
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	5 Mo

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E ditor s L

Lec ure

Lecture

e ture

Lecture

ecture

ecture ecture

LEOFC ONTENTS

reface I Kant s Concepti of the Nature and the Conditions Know edge II The ModiﬁConcation of Kant of the Self I I Ithe AbsoluteThe Concept of the Dialectical Method Dialectical Method in Schell ing Schelling s Transcen ental Ideal

II I

Hegel s

Typ es of Indi idual and Socia Consciousness in Hegel s

The Dialectical

rogress of

egel s

Hegel s Mature System Later roblems of Idealism and resent osition

THE JAME S E SLEY C O O ER MEMORIAL UBLI CAT IONU

present volum is the third work published by the Yale Unive sity ress on the James esley Cooper Me morial ublication Fund This Fou dation estab M rch by a gift Yale Unive ity from E llen H Co p er in memory her husband Rev J mes esley Coop er born in New Haven Conn cticut O ctober and died in York City March D r C oop erwmemberas a of the C la s of Yale C ollege and twenty years p astor of the S outh Congregationa Church of B ritain C onnecticut For t rty years he a co p orat member of the American B oard of C ommissioners for Foreign Missions and from u til the time of his death a Fellow of Yale Universit serving on the C orp oration as one of the Successors of the Original Tr stees

E D IT OR

REFAC E

HE le tures here p ublished wereﬁrst deliv red at the Johns Hopkins University in under title Asp ects of ost Ka tian Idealism They were in their p resent form at least not originally tended for publication but a ote dated fou d among rofes or Royce manuscripts mentions these Baltimore Lectures as materia worth publishing Thi entitles them to head the list of his posthumous works ritten as they were for oral delivery the lecture required much revision the editor hop es he has not used his pen too freely The subj ect matter of these lecture is one that in a more biograp cal way has already been treated in The prese t exp osit on of post Kantian idealism however is by no means a rep e tition of the former one In the earlier book in which the charm and the depth of Royce writing reach hap s their happiest union the interest is general rather than tec ical the tone is p opular rather th sioual contains a rapid survey and not a detailed analysis of the p eriod in question Yet no other work of his e hibits p erhap s in the same degree the glory of words the art of vivid phrasing gift of g aphic and pleasing metaphor the skill of forcing subtle and diﬁinto luminous cult idea concrete expre io indeed one of theﬁenest feat of oyce ﬂective vii

E D IT OR RE FAC E imagination As a work of deep sp eculation touched with warm feeling of historical research cast in original mould the book has a unique and p ermanent place in our philosophic liter ture To literary distinction such the possesses the present lectures can ev dently lay no claim In range and depth however they surp ass the chronicle of the same p erio d in the earlier volume There we have but a brief recital of the phases of post Kantian doctrine here an examination of its foundation its logical roots its human as well as its technical motives The selection of topics is here ore rigorous and the interest more p revailingly theo Mo eover what here deliberately avoided the familiar and conventional reproducti n of p ost Kant thought The usual method of the ual textbooks is here not rep eated In vain do we here look for the hackneyed themes of a hundred histo ies of philosophy Royce does not seek the successors of Kant in the obvious tracts of ideas He searche for them in the neglected aspects the buried doc ents the forgotten theses These reveal to him the true meaning of their teachings these disclose to him the spirit of the p ost Kantian move ment In the early works of S chelling for instance Royceﬁethod andnds the pulse of the dialectical the rather than in the he discovers the soul of Hegel And though the present study is wanti g in completeness there is no shirking of the most di cult p roblems but rather a choosing them and a discussion of them with a p ower adequacy and clear ness which we look about Royce lone seemed able summon to such a task have p articular reason to value at this moment a

E D IT OR S REFAC E disp assionate estimate of that phas of philosophy which ike erman music must through the retrospective j udgment of the war During the pre ent generation it seems diﬁudice the procult to approach without prej ducts of erman genius The war be said to have created a erman p roblem Shall we cond mn and approve uncritically A double evaluation of erma y see s atﬁrst natural enough not condemn her and her war lords and admire her philosophy fortunately the boundary between her and her phi is not easy to deﬁtreacherous onslaughtne The up on the p eace of the world in no isolated phe It was the outcome of a deﬁite theory of life The hyp othesis of continuity in erman culture culture largely fashioned by tec ical philosophy was one which during the war had its protagonists alike among defenders and opponents of ermany The apolo gist apolog zed for all things erman in the eyes of the accuser everything Teutoni app eared tainted It was not enough toﬁnd ermany guilty of this iniquitous the guilt must beﬁxed up on her whole p ast civiliza tion Similarly it not s cient to appreciate her past admirable achievements her deeds in the war must also since they were erman be the embodiments of the same admirable qualities The maj or premise the same in both cases Beginning with the assumption of a continuous erman civilization one concluded that it either continuously bad or continuously good many s p ast made responsible her present crimes or her p resent iniquities were cleansed in the stream of her glorious p t Thus it happ ened that the idealism of Kant of Hegel became a matter of p assionate denu ciation apolo y And the books

E D IT OR REFAC E on erman philosophy written during the war inst nct as they are with p artisan spirit can have sca cely more than an ep hemeral value An unbiased and trustworthy study of erman ideal ism therefor a most notable bequest to the present bewild red generation It is all the more notable as com from one was destined to ar iculate the Ameri can conscience a time of moral p erplexity He who could with such p rofound symp athy interpret erm n thought showed no hesitancy in characterizing ermany as the wilful and deliberate enemy of the human race when she in opinion assumed that r le ermany thus j udged not by one who disp araged or belittled but by who knew and cherished the ideals her p ast Indeed this very attitude of symp athy towards erman civilization of the p ast intensiﬁed his righteous indigna tion The rej ection and betrayal of her ideals stituted for Royce the crime of recen ermany B eca se his deep apprecialism he waserman id ation of led to denounce the denial of it by erman tate The view of the p ost Kantian self or Absolute as by Royce throws light on the discrep ancy tween the earlier idealism and humanism of ermany and her later realism and militarism The p ost Kanti n Absolute is national or tribal d ity The ost Kantian idealism Royce summarizes at the close of Lecture II noteworthy in its analysis of the condi tions of k owledge But was still more note worthy its de elopment of social concepts in its decidedly fruitful study of the relation which bind the individual self to th t unity of selfhood which includes individuals x

E D IT OR S EFAC E this post Kantian ideal and this ideal of her classic philosophers modern e many chos to betray The eternal values which in Kant and his p ossess universal meaning dignity were coz ened the imp erial ate into a degrading tribal serv ice Thus what one may p erhaps venture to ca l a Social Absolute universal and supernational in its signiﬁcance must be contrasted with the p olitical and national that dominated latter day ermany hen and how a spiritu social order viewed as a ity became transformed int a bureaucratic perial s ate is a matter of detailed historical study Th t Hegel s later doctrines mutilated and p erverted contrib not a little to the p rocess of ermany s self is common k owledge The merit of Royce lectures on Hegel consists in replacing the bureau cratic tradition which long occupied theﬁeld in dis eussions of Hegel both popular and p rofessional by a more adequate inte pretation The orld Spirit of Hegel s philosophy Royce shows is indeed destined to assume in transmigrations incomplete and defe tive for which must be tr s ended That the state however in all phases from its provinci to most imp erialistic manifestations is one of the defective forms to be transcended is Hegel s explicit teaching up on which Royce in his analysi of the has laid suﬁearly Hegel the state iscient tress For the inevitable stage but not the goal of hum n progress The view of post K tian Absolute a univer community is not without interest for Royce men biography His own doctrine of the community though on epistemological side intimatel bound with eirce theory of interpretation is

ment to the id alism of Kant

xii

successors

KANT S

C ONC E T ON OF THE NATURE C OND ITIONS OF KNO LE D E

AND

N these lecturesIresuppose s me acquaintalready p ance with the general history of mode n philoso hy and ith at le t an elementary nowledge of the doctrine of Kant I wish to a p artial introduction to the study of p ost Kantian idealism I hall not indeed attempt to tell in any regular order or to develop any detail the history of philosop y since Kant nor shall I p ortray any entire p eriod of that philosophy I shall con ne myself to considering selection from the litera ture of modern idealism to presenting illustrations of the problems in question and to indicating idealism related to some of the other tendencies of nineteenth century thought Even when thus limited the task is shall large nough By the term post Kantian we name a group of philosop c movements which grew out of the stud of Kant doctri e and which are therefore closely lated to it but which are usually in one or another spect opposed to certain of Kant mos characteristic tendencies These movements form a very varied collee tion and c not be described the work of any single school of mutua ly agreeing thinkers The p rincipal earlier representat ves of such idealism viz Fichte Schelling and Hegel were already men of highly