Why does the United States pursue robust military invasions to change some foreign regimes but not others? Conventional accounts focus on geopolitics or elite ideology. C. William Walldorf, Jr., argues that the politics surrounding two broad, public narratives-the liberal narrative and the restraint narrative-often play a vital role in shaping US decisions whether to pursue robust and forceful regime change.Using current sociological work on cultural trauma, Walldorf explains how master narratives strengthen (and weaken), and he develops clear predictions for how and when these narratives will shape policy. To Shape Our World For Good demonstrates the importance and explanatory power of the master-narrative argument, using a sophisticated combination of methods: quantitative analysis and eight cases in the postwar period that include Korea, Vietnam, and El Salvador during the Cold War and more recent cases in Iraq and Libya. The case studies provide the environment for a critical assessment of the connections among the politics of master narratives, pluralism, and the common good in contemporary US foreign policy and grand strategy. Walldorf adds new insight to our understanding of US expansionism and cautions against the dangers of misusing popular narratives for short-term political gains-a practice all too common both past and present.
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TOSHAPEOURWORLDFOR GOOD
TOSHAPEOUR WORLD FORGOODMasterNarrativesandRegimeChangein U.S. Foreign Policy, 1900–2011
Library of Congress CataloginginPublication Data Names: Walldorf, C. William, Jr., 1967 author. Title:Toshapeourworldforgood:masternarrativesandregimechangein U.S. foreign policy, 1900–2011 / C. William Walldorf Jr. Description:Ithaca:CornellUniversityPress,2019.|Includesbibliographicalreferences and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2018044261 (print) | LCCN 2018045067 (ebook) | ISBN 9781501738289 (pdf) | ISBN 9781501738296 (epub/mobi) | ISBN 9781501738272 | ISBN 9781501738272 (cloth: alk. paper) Subjects:LCSH:UnitedStates—Foreignrelations—20thcentury.|United States—Foreign relations—21st century. | Regime change— History—20th century. | Regime change—History—21st century. Classification:LCCE744(ebook)|LCCE744.W25932019(print)|DDC 327.73009/04—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018044261
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Contents
Acknowledgments
Introduction: Master Narratives and Forceful Regime Change1.laNbireitevraarheLTa,evitadnrastRe,rrNatin Patterns of Forceful Regime Change2.The Broad Patterns3.Regime Change in Korea and China4.Regime Change in Cuba and Vietnam5.Regime Change in El Salvador and Grenada6.Regime Change in Iraq and Libya7.The Implications of Master Narrative Politics
NotesIndex
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Acknowledgments
Theresearchandwritingofthisbookhasbeenanarrativeofitsown,withnumerous unexpected hurdles, twists, and turns. Along the way, I have benefited immensely from the support, comments, and encouragement of many people. This book would not exist without them, though all mistakes and oversights are my own. IamindebtedfirsttomycolleaguesintheDepartmentofPoliticsandInter national Affairs at Wake Forest University. Sara DahillBrown and Betina Wilkin son deserve special mention here. Both are coauthors on chapter 2 along with Sandeep Mazumder, my good friend in the Department of Economics at Wake Forest (appendixes for chapter 2 can be found at https://www.willwalldorf.com). Sara and Betina patiently put up with my unending questions about research design and statistical methods. Overall, the skills they and Sandeep brought to the project were most appreciated. I am also deeply indebted to the many indi viduals who devoted time to reading and commenting on different parts of the manuscript. Two people, John Owen and Mark Haas, deserve special thanks. Both were immensely supportive and helpful as I navigated the waters of their excel lent work on elite ideology. Others who deserve mention include Jack Amou reux, Spencer Bakich, Steve Brooks, Jeff Legro, Sarah Lischer, Henry Nau, Dan Philpott, Sue Peterson, James McCallister, Dennis Smith, Hendrik Spruyt, Brock Tessman, Bill Wohlforth, Ben Valentino, Maurits van der Veen, and Andrew Yeo. I also appreciate the provocative and challenging comments from participants in seminars at the Notre Dame International Security Center, University of North Carolina, the Institute for Advanced Studies and Culture at the University of Vir ginia, the College of William and Mary, and the University of Georgia. ThereviewprocessatCornellUniversityPressmadethisafarbetterbookthan I could have imagined at the start. Roger Haydon’s guidance was spectacu lar as usual. He supported the project from the beginning and offered invalu able constructive criticism to the very end. Two anonymous reviewers offered excellent comments that improved the book immeasurably. Copyediting by Irina Burns helped clarify language and repair numerous mistakes. I appreciate Karen Laun’s help in ushering the book through the production process and Ellen Murphy’s assistance with the acquisition process. The book also benefitted from the research assistance of many students at Wake Forest, including Payton Barr, Adam Crowley, Sophia Goren, Jacob Hurwitz, Allen Stanton, Brian Hart, Mathew