The Remaking of the Medieval World, 1204 , livre ebook

The University of North Carolina Press - Kyle C. Lincoln , John J. Giebfried

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83 pages

English

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The Remaking of the Medieval World, 1204 allows students to understand and experience one of the greatest medieval atrocities, the sack of the Constantinople by a crusader army, and the subsequent reshaping of the Byzantine Empire. The game includes debates on issues such as "just war" and the nature of crusading, feudalism, trade rights, and the relationship between secular and religious authority. It likewise explores the theological issues at the heart of the East-West Schism and the development of constitutional states in the era of Magna Carta. The game also includes a model siege and sack of Constantinople where individual students' actions shape the fate of the crusade for everyone.

Sujets

Croisades

Europe

History

Histoire

Medieval

Informations

Publié par	The University of North Carolina Press
Date de parution	01 juin 2021
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9781469664125
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	2 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0000€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

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The Remaking of the Medieval World, 1204

REACTING TO THE PAST is an award-winning series of immersive role-playing games that actively engage students in their own learning. Students assume the roles of historical characters and practice critical thinking, primary source analysis, and argument, both written and spoken. Reacting games are flexible enough to be used across the curriculum, from first-year general education classes and discussion sections of lecture classes to capstone experiences, intersession courses, and honors programs.
Reacting to the Past was originally developed under the auspices of Barnard College and is sustained by the Reacting Consortium of colleges and universities. The Consortium hosts a regular series of conferences and events to support faculty and administrators.
Note to instructors: Before beginning the game you must download the Gamemaster’s Materials, including an instructor’s guide containing a detailed schedule of class sessions, role sheets for students, and handouts.
To download this essential resource, visit https://reactingconsortium.org/games , click on the page for this title, then click “Instructors Guide.”

The Remaking of the Medieval World, 1204
THE FO URTH CRUSADE
JOHN J. GIEBFRIED AND
KYLE C. LINCOLN
The University of North Carolina Press
Chapel Hill

© 2022 The University of North Carolina Press
All rights reserved
Set in Utopia and The Sans by Westchester Publishing Services
The University of North Carolina Press has been a member of the Green Press Initiative since 2003.
Cover illustration: Detail from Bodleian Library, MS 587, fol. 1r.
ISBN 978-1-4696-6411-8 (pbk.: alk. paper)
ISBN 978-1-4696-6412-5 (e-book)

The Fourth Crusade is in chaos. Its leaders had hoped that by diverting to Constantinople they would pay off their debts, secure Byzantine aid, and win the obedience of the Greek Orthodox Church for the papacy. Now the emperor they installed has been brutally murdered, and his killer sits on the Byzantine throne. The Crusaders must now decide: Should they let this crime go unpunished and continue on to Jerusalem, or should they dare to attack the largest, richest, and most well-defended city in the Christian world? Students will play as Crusaders from one of four historical factions—the Northern French, Imperial, Venetian, or Clerical Crusaders—each with unique personal and faction goals. In the end they will reenact the moment that changed Crusading and the relationship between the Eastern and Western Christian worlds forever.

Contents P ART O NE : G AME O VERVIEW PROLOGUE : MURD ER IN CONSTANTINOPLE HOW TO PLAY THIS GAME 1. Game Setup 2. Game Play 3. Game Requirements 4. Skill Development COUNTERFACTUALS P ART T WO : H ISTORICAL B ACKGROUND TIMELINE OF THE FOURTH CRUSADE FROM CONSTANTINE TO THE CRUSAD ES : THE ROAD TO 1204 P ART T HREE : T HE G AME OVERVIEW OF G AME STRUCTURE The Game in Three Phases Rules and Procedures MAJOR ISSUES FOR DEBATE Should the Crusaders Attack Constantinople? The Two Swords Doctrine Resolving the Schism P ART F OUR : R OLES AND F ACTIONS FACT IONS INDETERMINATES CHARACTER BIOGRAPHIES Northern French Faction Imperial Faction Venetian Faction Clerical Faction Indeterminates P ART F IVE : P RIMARY S OURCES PREFATORY SOURCES : THE TWO SWO RDS LETTER OF GELASI US AND UNAM SANCTAM 1. Letter of Pope Gelasius to Emperor Anastasius on the Superiority of the Spiritual over Temporal Power (494) 2. Pope Boniface VIII on the Primacy of the Papacy (1302) SECTION ONE : CRUSADES AND JUST WARS 1. Innocent III’s Calling of the Fourth Crusade (1198) 2. The Lambrecht Rite for Departing Crusaders 3. “Now One Can Know and Prove,” a Poem by Raimbaut da Vaqueiras on Loyalty and the Fourth Crusade (c. 1203/4) 4. Gratian’s Decretum on the Rules of War 5. Innocent III Criticizes the Crusade after the Attack on Zara (December 1202) SECTION TWO : “ FEUDALI SM ” AND PRONOIA 1. Homage and Fealty to the Count of Flanders (1127) 2. The Function of Knighthood by John of Salisbury (c. 1159) 3. The Chivalric Ideal by D í az de G á mez (c. 1402, Based on Earlier Models) 4. The Coronation (1189) of King Richard the Lionheart by Roger of Howden (c. 1200) 5. A Grant of Pronoia to Michael Saventzes (1321) SECTION THREE : THE V ENETIAN REPUBLIC 1. Marino Sanudo’s Description of Venice 2. The Chrysobull of 1082 3. Martino da Canale’s History of Venice (c. 1270) SECTION FOUR : THE GREEK AND LATIN CH URCHES IN CONFLICT 1. Pope Nicholas I’s Affirmation of Papal Supremacy over the Eastern Church (865/6) 2. Photius Charges Rome with Doctrinal Deviation (867) 3. The Patriarch of Constantinople’s Spokesman Criticizes Latin Religious Practices (1054) 4. The Byzantine Bishop of Nicomedia’s Moderate Views on Papal Primacy (1036) 5. Odo of Deuil’s View of the Greek Church in the Mid-Twelfth Century 6. Greek Citizens under Latin Rule Propose a Dual Patriarchate (c. 1210) 7. The Greek Patriarch Anthony Defends the Role of the Emperor in the Church (1395) 8. An Account of the Attacks of Emperor Andronicus on the Latins of Constantinople in the 1180s 9. Robert of Clari’s Description of Constantinople (1204) P ART S IX : S UGGESTIONS FOR F URTHER R EADING AND G LOSSARY Suggestions for Further Reading Glossary

Part One
G AME O VERVIEW

P rologue
Murder in Constantinople
Forgive me, Father, for I have sinned. It has been, well, let’s see, more than a year since my confession on the lagoon in Venice. When we heard the call to crusade preached by the Cistercian brothers of the abbey of Bonmont near the shores of Lac Leman, our father had the highest of hopes for the Holy Land, but we didn’t know anything about the venture. It was a hard trip back for him across the Jura Mountains to our farm in Cologny, with cross sown on his travelling cloak, where our little farm makes the finest cheeses for the lords of Gex near Geneva. By the time he came home, he was already taken with consumption.
He passed away that November and my brother, William and I held together our farm through the snows. When spring came, the parish priest told us the bishop of Geneva had decreed we could send money to support a soldier fighting for the marquis in the crusade, or one of us could go in Father’s stead. I made my way toward Venice with my father’s cross sewn on my shoulder and a sword on my back, carrying with me the staff of a humble and penitent pilgrim.
You know the rest, Father. We all grew hungry on the lagoon, waiting for the armies to arrive. When the day finally came to set out for Jerusalem, there were celebrations, and the wind was swift those first nights. It was my first time on a boat like that—not a little river skiff or a ferry, I mean. In those days, it was exciting, if a little hard on the belly. Now, I don’t think I will ever stomach another long boat ride without getting sick for what has happened.
When we made landfall outside that city, I asked one of the Venetian sailors what the name of the town was called and how long we were staying. I can’t remember his answer to the second question, but I remember the first one. Oh, God forgive us, I will hear the name of that city with my last breath: Zara. Word came down from the doge and the counts that the town was supposed to be in the hands of a good Christian who would give us aid and supplies and that maybe even more soldiers would join us.
There was a troubadour from Provence named Raimbaut, whom I had befriended on our passage. His dialect was thick, but eventually we understood each other. We talked to pass the time, mostly with the others on our round-ship, and it was a pleasant trip, mostly. The sun and the spray of the ships made my face feel fine. When we got to Zara we were tired, and Raimbaut looked more pale and yellow than he should have on our second day at Zara. He told me that the king whose town Zara was had betrayed God and the church and we had received orders to capture the town and take what supplies we could to avenge the dishonors done to Christ Jesus. Many lords, abbots, and knights left our company there, sailing on without aid of supplies to Jerusalem. Many nights I wish I had been brave enough to join them. Instead, I helped load a trebuchet that tossed stone after stone against the city’s walls, killing many brave Christian men who defended the battlements.
By the time we made it to Constantinople, the count of Biandrate, told us in the Gray Stork , which was our round-ship, that we were sailing first to deliver the emperor of Constantinople to his palace. He had been betrayed by a dastardly uncle who deposed and barbarically blinded the boy’s father and true emperor. The palaces and the churches of the Queen of Cities were being held hostage by the usurper, and the count said that we, by order of the Lord Pope Innocent, were to go honorably to his aid so that he would be restored to the place that God himself had destined him to hold.
I never saw the emperor when we were travelling, and I think I saw him only once while we were assembled on the plain outside the city. I know that he was young, or at least that he was called Alexius the Young. Raimbaut said that this was common on pilgrimages like ours. The emperors of Constantinople often pretended to love God and honor the church, but instead they double-crossed many. Even the great German emperors Conrad III and Frederick Barbarossa had been betrayed by the emperors of Constantinople when they had come in the time of our fathers and grandfathers. Raimbaut’s friend Pierre told me that we were probably going to have to fight to defend the true emperor of Constantinople, since he was a pilgrim like we were. Pilgrims were bound by honor and their vows to defend one another. Even if the emperor of Constantinople did not obey the pope, he was a brother Christian too. This emperor, the young one, had promised to bring the church back together. Conduct that honorable was proof enough of his noble heart and his