Summary of Jason Goodwin's Lords of the Horizons , livre ebook

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36 pages

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Please note: This is a companion version & not the original book.
Sample Book Insights:
#1 The Eurasian steppe is a region of scrub and feathery grasses that stretches from the borders of China to the shore of the Black Sea. Steppe dwellers range the grasslands with their flocks, living in tents, and riding the short, hardy Turkish pony of the steppe.
#2 Islam was spread by caravan through the Middle East cities, and by the sword. It was a powerful weapon in the struggle against uncertainty and change, as it was a firm religion with clear rules.
#3 Islam’s genius for movement, however, remained ceremonial. By the caravans that traveled across the Islamic world, carrying sacks of spices and gold, many of the luxuries of the known world were handled by Muslim merchants.
#4 Osman of Bithynia was the next leader to take over after the Mongols, in the fourteenth century. He led the next advance, at the beginning of the fourteenth century. His state was minuscule, and his title of bey, or lord, the lowest, but he stood at the crumbling ledge of Byzantine power.

Sujets

Religion

Histoire

Eastern

History

Europe

Islam

Informations

Publié par	Everest Media LLC
Date de parution	26 mai 2022
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9798822523906
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	1 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0000€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

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Insights on Jason Goodwin's Lords of the Horizons
Contents Insights from Chapter 1 Insights from Chapter 2 Insights from Chapter 3
Insights from Chapter 1

#1

The Eurasian steppe is a region of scrub and feathery grasses that stretches from the borders of China to the shore of the Black Sea. Steppe dwellers range the grasslands with their flocks, living in tents, and riding the short, hardy Turkish pony of the steppe.

#2

Islam was spread by caravan through the Middle East cities, and by the sword. It was a powerful weapon in the struggle against uncertainty and change, as it was a firm religion with clear rules.

#3

Islam’s genius for movement, however, remained ceremonial. By the caravans that traveled across the Islamic world, carrying sacks of spices and gold, many of the luxuries of the known world were handled by Muslim merchants.

#4

Osman of Bithynia was the next leader to take over after the Mongols, in the fourteenth century. He led the next advance, at the beginning of the fourteenth century. His state was minuscule, and his title of bey, or lord, the lowest, but he stood at the crumbling ledge of Byzantine power.

#5

The Ottomans were a sect that were able to expand due to their contempt for authority, and their victory was a result of the good fortune of the bloodline running in their veins.

#6

The Ottomans moved like a ripple through the shallows of Byzantine power in the 1320s, and across the Dardanelles into Europe in 1390. They moved so fast that they were barely noticed by chroniclers.

#7

The city of Constantinople was sacked by the Fourth Crusade in 1204, and the empire’s wealth was lost. It was run as a Latin city for 60 years, and its Orthodoxy was maintained.

#8

The Byzantine Empire was in poor shape for its coming encounter with the Turks. The Turks moved on with providential ease. Muslim Karesi wrangled with itself, faltered, and slipped into Ottoman hands in 1344–5, giving Orhan, Osman’s son and heir, the southern shores of Marmara.

#9

The Byzantine Empire in Europe was invaded by the Turks in 1356, and was never able to recover. The local warlords who ruled states as multifarious as their titles marched to the fading drumbeat of Byzantine civilization, and they pampered the magnates at the expense of the peasants.

#10

The Ottomans were able to conquer the Balkans because the native rulers there were too weak to resist them. The Ottomans were able to draw on the vast reserves of men they had across the Hellespont, and they were able to infect the Balkan rulers with their confidence.

#11

The Ottoman Turks were never assimilated by the people they conquered. They won control too fast, and their habits were too engrained for Balkan Christianity to have anything left to teach them.

#12

The Ottoman Empire was built by the Ottoman princes, who were taught by the ulema, or Muslim clergy. They brought the tools of sovereignty with them, and all land belonged to the Sultan.

#13

In 1389, Bayezit, the son of a sultan, began his reign by marching against a coalition of Anatolian beys. In 1396, he laid siege to Constantinople, with 10,000 vassal troops. He raised the siege and marched north-west to combat the last European crusade to the East.

#14

The crusaders at Nicopolis were besieged by the Ottoman army, and when they charged downhill, they were met by 60,000 men. They were quickly defeated, and only a few knights got away.

#15

The Battle of Ankara proved to be the end of the crusades. The crusaders had butchered their own Turkish prisoners blithely enough on the morning of the battle. Bayezit, grimly surveying his casualties on the field, ordered a massacre of his own, sparing only twenty-four of the richest dressed knights for ransom.

#16

The Battle of Ankara in 1402 was the final confrontation between Tamerlane and Bayezit. The conqueror took Izmir, the western Anatolian base of the Knights of St John, which Bayezit had never been able to do.

#17

The Ottomans had been expanding their territory over the past decade. They controlled the straits through which the Black Sea syphons into the Mediterranean, and they did not have to worry about ferrying their forces to and fro anymore.

#18

In 1452, against much opposition, the new young Sultan Mehmet II proposed the siege. He sensed the city’s power, and he was right. The Byzantines fought for the city as they had never fought for the empire.

#19

The Byzantines were unable to get help from the west, and the Ottomans began to siege Constantinople in 1452. The Byzantines counted 300,000 men around their city, but they were soon outnumbered by the Ottoman army.

#20

The Byzantines had cleared the moats, repaired the walls, and gathered together all the city’s arms. They had even recruited a Castilian nobleman who claimed to be the Emperor’s cousin. The Venetians in the city put themselves at the Emperor’s disposal.

#21

The city of Constantinople was defended by a land wall and a sea wall. The Ottomans dug in against the whole length of the land walls behind a trench and an earthen wall, topped with a palisade.

#22

The defenders worked round the clock to repair the damage done to the outer walls, stockading it in ruinous parts with planks and sacks of earth. A night assault was repulsed in four hours of hand-to-hand fighting, despite the Christians not losing a single man.

#23

The battle continued into the afternoon, and the wind began to pick up. The sails of the Christian ships billowed out, and one by one, they crashed through the mêlée of galleys and into the safety of the boom.

#24

The Battle of Constantinople was the largest and most important battle of the Ottoman Empire. It was a huge tower that was built overnight and moved across the fosse, and the defenders fired it and cleaned out the ditch again. But the towers around the walls continued to grow.

#25

The siege went on for two more days. On 25 May, the Byzantines decided to surrender if Mehmet would raise the siege and give them 100,000 gold bezants as annual tribute. The Sultan agreed to hand over everything he owned, except Constantinople itself.

#26

The city was defended by 50,000 men apiece, led by three pashas. The janissaries, led by Mehmet, attacked the walls. They were met by a line of defenders, and it took two hours for the janissaries to wear them down.

#27

The Battle of Constantinople was the final battle in the Byzantine Empire. It was the city where Constantine the Great had stood a moment before going to the last defense of his city. The Sultan Mehmet invaded the city, and it was completely destroyed.

#28

The fall of Constantinople changed everything. The city was the finest in the world, and everyone wanted to take it from the Byzantines.

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Summary of Jason Goodwin's Lords of the Horizons , livre ebook

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