In a narrative-redefining approach, Engaging the Evil Empire dramatically alters how we look at the beginning of the end of the Cold War. Tracking key events in US-Soviet relations across the years between 1980 and 1985, Simon Miles shows that covert engagement gave way to overt conversation as both superpowers determined that open diplomacy was the best means of furthering their own, primarily competitive, goals. Miles narrates the history of these dramatic years, as President Ronald Reagan consistently applied a disciplined carrot-and-stick approach, reaching out to Moscow while at the same time excoriating the Soviet system and building up US military capabilities.The received wisdom in diplomatic circles is that the beginning of the end of the Cold War came from changing policy preferences and that President Reagan in particular opted for a more conciliatory and less bellicose diplomatic approach. In reality, Miles clearly demonstrates, Reagan and ranking officials in the National Security Council had determined that the United States enjoyed a strategic margin of error that permitted it to engage Moscow overtly.As US grand strategy developed, so did that of the Soviet Union. Engaging the Evil Empire covers five critical years of Cold War history when Soviet leaders tried to reduce tensions between the two nations in order to gain economic breathing room and, to ensure domestic political stability, prioritize expenditures on butter over those on guns. Miles's bold narrative shifts the focus of Cold War historians away from exclusive attention on Washington by focusing on the years of back-channel communiques and internal strategy debates in Moscow as well as Prague and East Berlin.
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Extrait
ENGAGïNG THE EVï EMPïRE
ENGAGïNG THE EVï EMPïRE
WASHI NGTON, MOSCOW, AND T HE BEGI NNI NG OF T HE E ND OF T HE COL D WAR
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Fîrst pubîshed 2020 by Corne Unîversîty Press
Prînted în the Unîted States o Amerîca
îbrary o Congress Cataogîng-în-Pubîcatîon Data
Names: Mîes, Sîmon, 1988– author. Tîte: Engagîng the evî empîre : Washîngton, Moscow, and the begînnîng o the end o the Cod War / Sîmon Mîes. Descrîptîon: ïthaca, New York : Corne Unîversîty Press, 2020. | ïncudes bîbîographîca reerences and îndex. ïdentîIers: CCN 2020016628 (prînt) | CCN 2020016629 (ebook) | ïSBN 9781501751691 (coth) | ïSBN 9781501751707 (pd ) | ïSBN 9781501751714 (epub)Subjects: CSH: Cod War. | Word poîtîcs—1975–1985. | Unîted States—Foreîgn reatîons—Sovîet Unîon. | Sovîet Unîon—Foreîgn reatîons—Unîted States. CassîIcatîon: CC D849 .M5412 2020 (prînt) | CC D849 (ebook) | DDC 909.82/5—dc23 C record avaîabe at https://ccn.oc.gov/2020016628 C ebook record avaîabe at https://ccn.oc.gov/2020 016629
Cover îmage: Pershîng ïï mîssîes prepared or aunchîng at Fort Bîss McGregor Range, 1987. Photo courtesy o Deense Vîsua ïnormatîon Center, Department o Deense.
For my parents
ï’mabeîeverînquîetdîpomacyandsoarwe’vehadseveraquîte trîumphant experîences by usîng that method. The probem îs, you can’t tak about ît aterward or then you can’t do ît agaîn. —Ronad Reagan to John Koeher, Juy 9, 1981
We have more contact wîth the Sovîets than anyone îs aware o and whether to have a meetîng or not îs on the agenda at both ends o the îne. —Ronad Reagan to Pau Trousdae, May 23, 1983
Co n t e n t s
Acknowedmentsîx Abbrevîatîonsxîîî Note on Transîteratîon and Transatîonxv
ïntroductîon: Grand Strategy and the End o the Cod War 1. Red Star Rîsîng: The Word accordîng to Washîngton and Moscow 2. Arm to Parey: Reagan Rebuîds and Reaches Out 3. Takîng about Takîng: Contînuîtîes and Crîses 4. Trîa Baoons: Reachîng Out and ayîng Groundwork 5. New Departures: The Begînnîng o the End o the Cod War Concusîon: Wînners and osers
Notes141 Bîbîoraphy201 ïndex223
1
11
33
57
84
106 130
A c k n o w l e d g m e n t s
ïn competîng thîs project, ï have accumuated a host o debts. Any attempt to acknowedge them must begîn, as ît dîd, în the archîves: the archîvîsts and decassîIcatîon specîaîsts în the Austraîan, Brît-îsh, Canadîan, Czech, French, German, Russîan, Ukraînîan, and US archîves acîîtated my research there and made ît extremey ruîtu. Wîthout theîr proessîonaîsm—and patîence—thîs book woud not have been possîbe. Severa înstîtutîons supported my research. A three-year eowshîp rom the Socîa Scîences and Humanîtîes Research Councî o Canada gave me the reedom to conduct much o the înternatîona archîva research on whîch thîs book îs based. Wîthout thîs support rom the government o Canada, the end product woud undoubtedy have sufered. Two successîve Word Poîtîcs and Statecrat Feowshîps rom the Smîth Rîchardson Foundatîon aso gave me the reedom to make the story ï te as înternatîona as possîbe. ï aso receîved vauabe Inancîa support rom the Amerîcan Grand Strategy Program and the Josîah Chares Trent Memorîa Foundatîon Endowment Fund at Duke Unî-versîty; the Eîsenhower ïnstîtute at Gettysburg Coege; the Gerad R. Ford and George H. W. Bush presîdentîa îbrarîes; and the Center or Russîan, East European and Eurasîan Studîes, the Robert Strauss Center or ïnternatîona Securîty and aw, the Wîîam P. Cements Jr. Center or Natîona Securîty, and the Department o Hîstory at the Unîversîty o Texas at Austîn. The research or thîs book began at the Unîversîty o Texas at Austîn. Whîe there, ï beneIted rom the guîdance and însîghts o a group o outstandîng hîstorîans în the Hîstory Department and the yndon B. Johnson Schoo o Pubîc Afaîrs: Frank Gavîn, Wî ïnboden, Mark awrence, Charters Wynn, and Jeremî Surî, my advîser, who each made thîs a better work o hîstory and me a better hîstorîan. For that, ï am în theîr debt. ï had the good ortune to spend three years as a vîsîtîng eow at the Bî Graham Centre or Con-temporary ïnternatîona Hîstory at the Unîversîty o Toronto’s Munk Schoo o Goba Afaîrs. ï am very grateu to John Engîsh and Jack Cunnîngham or gîvîng me an înteectua home there. Toronto îs where my journey as