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Contested Histories in Public Space , livre ebook

Duke University Press - Daniel J. Walkowitz and Lisa Maya Knauer; Eds.

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376 pages

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Contested Histories in Public Space brings multiple perspectives to bear on historical narratives presented to the public in museums, monuments, texts, and festivals around the world, from Paris to Kathmandu, from the Mexican state of Oaxaca to the waterfront of Wellington, New Zealand. Paying particular attention to how race and empire are implicated in the creation and display of national narratives, the contributing historians, anthropologists, and other scholars delve into representations of contested histories at such "sites" as a British Library exhibition on the East India Company, a Rio de Janeiro shantytown known as "the cradle of samba," the Ellis Island immigration museum, and high-school history textbooks in Ecuador.Several contributors examine how the experiences of indigenous groups and the imperial past are incorporated into public histories in British Commonwealth nations: in Te Papa, New Zealand's national museum; in the First Peoples' Hall at the Canadian Museum of Civilization; and, more broadly, in late-twentieth-century Australian culture. Still others focus on the role of governments in mediating contested racialized histories: for example, the post-apartheid history of South Africa's Voortrekker Monument, originally designed as a tribute to the Voortrekkers who colonized the country's interior. Among several essays describing how national narratives have been challenged are pieces on a dispute over how to represent Nepali history and identity, on representations of Afrocuban religions in contemporary Cuba, and on the installation in the French Pantheon in Paris of a plaque honoring Louis Delgres, a leader of Guadeloupean resistance to French colonialism.Contributors. Paul Amar, Paul Ashton, O. Hugo Benavides, Laurent Dubois, Richard Flores, Durba Ghosh, Albert Grundlingh, Paula Hamilton, Lisa Maya Knauer, Charlotte Macdonald, Mark Salber Phillips, Ruth B. Phillips, Deborah Poole, Anne M. Rademacher, Daniel J. Walkowitz

Sujets

Histoire

Republic of South Africa

South Africa

20th century

History of Africa

Historiography

Afrique du Sud

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Publié par	Duke University Press
Date de parution	16 janvier 2009
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9780822391425
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	3 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,1498€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

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A book in the series r a d i c a l p e r s p e c t i v e s ARadical History ReviewBook Series Series editors: da n i e l j. wa l k o w i t z New York University b a r b a r a w e i n s t e i n New York University

Contested Histories in Public Space J B J L O V O > @ B > K A K > Q F L K

Edited by Daniel J. Walkowitz

and Lisa Maya Knauer

A R H B R K F S B O P F Q V M O B P PDurham & London2009

Library of Congress CataloginginPublication Data appear on the last printed page of this book.

The following articles previously appeared in theRadical History Reviewand are reprinted here, in revised form, with permission of the publisher, Duke University Press.

Charlotte J. Macdonald, “Race and Empire at ‘Our Place’: New Zealand’s National Museum,”Radical History Review75(fall1999): 80–91.

Paul Ashton and Paula Hamilton, “Blood Money? Race and Nation in Australian Public History,”Radical History Review76(winter2000): 188–207.

Richard R. Flores, “The Alamo: Myth, Public History, and the Politics of Inclusion,”Radical History Review77(spring2000):91–103.

Laurent Dubois, “Haunting Delgrès,”Radical History Review78(fall 2000):166–77.

Albert Grundlingh, “A Cultural Conundrum? Old Monuments and New Regimes: The Voortrekker Monument as Symbol of Afrikaner Power in a Postapartheid South Africa,”Radical History Review81(fall2001):94–112.

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About the Series

c o n t e n t s

Introduction Memory, Race, and the Nation in Public Spaces Lisa Maya Knauer and Daniel J. Walkowitz

f i r s t t h i n g s f i r s t 31Two Peoples, One Museum: Biculturalism and Visitor “Experience” at Te Papa–“Our Place,” New Zealand’s New National Museum Charlotte J. Macdonald 49Contesting Time, Place, and Nation in the First Peoples’ Hall of the Canadian Museum of Civilization Ruth B. Phillips and Mark Salber Phillips 71“Unﬁnished Business”: Public History in a Postcolonial Nation Paul Ashton and Paula Hamilton

c o l o n i a l l e g a c i e s a n d wi n n e r s ’ t a l e s 101Exhibiting Asia in Britain: Commerce, Consumption, and Globalization Durba Ghosh 122The Alamo: Myth, Public History, and the Politics of Inclusion Richard R. Flores 136Ellis Island Redux: The Imperial Turn and the Race of Ethnicity Daniel J. Walkowitz

s t a t e s t o r i e s 157A Cultural Conundrum? Old Monuments and New Regimes: The Voortrekker Monument as Symbol of Afrikaner Power in a Postapartheid South Africa Albert Grundlingh 178Narratives of Power, the Power of Narratives: The Failing Foundational Narrative of the Ecuadorian Nation O. Hugo Benavides 197Affective Distinctions: Race and Place in Oaxaca Deborah Poole

u n d e r  s t a t e d s t o r i e s 229Marking Remembrance: Nation and Ecology in Two Riverbank Monuments in Kathmandu Anne M. Rademacher 249Saving Rio’s “Cradle of Samba”: Outlaw Uprisings, Racial Tourism, and the Progressive State in Brazil Paul Amar 280Afrocuban Religion, Museums, and the Cuban Nation Lisa Maya Knauer 311Haunting Delgrès Laurent Dubois

329 353 357

Bibliography Contributors Index

vi c o n t e n t s

a b o u t t h e s e r i e s

history, as radicalhistorians have long observed, can-not be severed from authorial subjectivity, indeed from politics. Political concerns animate the questions we ask, the subjects on which we write. For more than thirty years theRadical History Reviewhas led in nurturing and advancing politically engaged historical research. Radical Perspectives seeks to further the journal’s mission: any author wishing to be in the series makes a self-conscious decision to associate her or his work with a rad-ical perspective. To be sure, many of us are currently struggling with the issue of what it means to be a radical historian in the early twenty-ﬁrst century, and this series is intended to provide some signposts for what we would judge to be radical history. It will offer innovative ways of telling stories from multiple perspectives; comparative, transnational, and global histories that transcend conventional boundaries of region and nation; works that elaborate on the implications of the postcolonial move to “provincialize Europe”; studies of the public in and of the past, including those that consider the commodiﬁcation of the past; histories that explore the intersection of identities such as gender, race, class, and sexuality with an eye to their political implications and complications. Above all, this series seeks to create an important intellectual space and discursive community to explore the very issue of what constitutes radi-cal history. Within this context, some of the books published in

the series may privilege alternative and oppositional political cultures, but all will be concerned with the way power is constituted, contested, used, and abused. Contested Histories in Public Space: Memory, Race, and Nationis the second of two volumes in this series on public history with origins in theRadi cal History Review. We conceived the series a decade ago to consider the similarities and differences in debates around the world over public repre-sentation of the past. The ﬁrst volume examined the impact of political transformations on changing interpretations of public space in museums, monuments, and street life; this volume moves the focus to the impact—or lack of impact—that postcolonial theory, which has so profoundly reshaped historical and literary studies in the past two decades, has had in illuminat-ing the history of race and empire in public spaces. The thirteen essays in the collection visit sites in all six inhabited continents. Together they exam-ine how and the extent to which public sites for the commemoration of the past in museums or public commemorative monuments have accounted for the experience of racial “others” and imperial histories in narrative of the nation. Of the countries in question Canada, the United States, New Zealand, and Australia have had oppressive colonial pasts and long histo-ries of having “forgotten,” mythologized, or distorted the experience of those called in Canada First Nations. The colonial experiences of all four countries are, of course, rooted in British colonial pasts, and a related essay examines an exhibit on Indian teas in London. A second essay on the United States looks at how the immigrant other is remembered. The remaining seven essays illustrate, in one case, the comparable experience of French colonialism and national identity; the complicated rendering of the con-structed character of racial identity in hierarchical cases of mixed race in Cuba, Brazil, Ecuador, and Mexico; and the rehistoricizing of monuments that resonate with earlier moments in Nepal and South Africa.

viiib o u t a s e r i e st h e

Introduction:

Memory, Race, and the Nation in Public Spaces

Lisa Maya Knauer and Daniel J. Walkowitz

the redhot nationalistmovements that have marked (and often scarred) the new millennium have mobilized pri-mordialist, essentialized, and postcolonial understandings of complicated racial and national identities to help them build “modern” nation-states. Thus, postcolonial theory—notably, the focus on the impact of imperialism in an era of decoloni-zation—is one of the forces that shape the writing of national narratives, especially in states with colonial legacies and neoco-lonial presents. This is as true in former colonial powers as it is in the countries they colonized. The pioneering work of cul-tural theorists such as Gayatri Spivak, Homi Bhabha, Edward Said, and Antoinette Burton, among others, has shaped com-pelling new analyses that interrogate the categories of race and the nation, both as “imagined” or “invented” social construc-1 tions and as subject positions. This “invention,” however, has taken on new political freight since the breakup of the former Soviet Union, the events of September11, and a regime of war and poverty in Africa and the Middle East. Thus, Eastern European countries have rushed to embrace nationalism at the same time that multiculturalism