Capitalist Diversity on Europe s Periphery

305 pages

English

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Cornell University Press - Béla Greskovits , Dorothee Bohle

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305 pages

English

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With the collapse of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance in 1991, the Eastern European nations of the former socialist bloc had to figure out their newly capitalist future. Capitalism, they found, was not a single set of political-economic relations. Rather, they each had to decide what sort of capitalist nation to become. In Capitalist Diversity on Europe's Periphery, Dorothee Bohle and Bela Geskovits trace the form that capitalism took in each country, the assets and liabilities left behind by socialism, the transformational strategies embraced by political and technocratic elites, and the influence of transnational actors and institutions. They also evaluate the impact of three regional shocks: the recession of the early 1990s, the rolling global financial crisis that started in July 1997, and the political shocks that attended EU enlargement in 2004.Bohle and Greskovits show that the postsocialist states have established three basic variants of capitalist political economy: neoliberal, embedded neoliberal, and neocorporatist. The Baltic states followed a neoliberal prescription: low controls on capital, open markets, reduced provisions for social welfare. The larger states of central and eastern Europe (Poland, Hungary, and the Czech and Slovak republics) have used foreign investment to stimulate export industries but retained social welfare regimes and substantial government power to enforce industrial policy. Slovenia has proved to be an outlier, successfully mixing competitive industries and neocorporatist social inclusion. Bohle and Greskovits also describe the political contention over such arrangements in Romania, Bulgaria, and Croatia. A highly original and theoretically sophisticated typology of capitalism in postsocialist Europe, this book is unique in the breadth and depth of its conceptually coherent and empirically rich comparative analysis.

Sujets

Central

History of Europe

Eastern Europe

Political economy

Histoire

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Publié par	Cornell University Press
Date de parution	15 août 2012
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9780801465666
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	3 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,7500€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

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Capitalist Diversity on Europe’s Periphery

A volume in the series

Cornell Studies in Political Economy edited by Peter J. Katzenstein

A list o titles in this series is available at www.cornellpress.cornell.edu.

Capitalist Diversity on Europe’s Periphery

Dorothee Bohle and Béla Greskovits

Cornell University Press Ithaca and London

All rights reserved. Except or brie quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereo, must not be reproduced in any orm without permission in writing rom the publisher. For inormation, address Cornell Univer-sity Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850.

First published 2012 by Cornell University Press First printing, Cornell Paperbacks, 2012 Printed in the United States o America

Library o Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Bohle, Dorothee, 1964– Capitalist diversity on Europe’s periphery / Dorothee Bohle and Béla Greskovits. p. cm. — (Cornell studies in political economy) Includes bibliographical reerences and index. ISBN 978-0-8014-5110-2 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-8014-7815-4 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Capitalism—Europe, Eastern. 2. Capitalism—Europe, Central . 3. Post-communism—Economic aspects—Europe, Eastern. 4. Post-communism—Economic aspects—Europe, Central. 5. Europe, Eastern— Economic conditions—21st century. 6. Europe, Central—Economic conditions—21st century. I. Greskovits, Béla, 1953– II. Title. III. Series: Cornell studies in political economy. HC244.B674 2012 330.12'20947—dc23 2012007508

Cornell University Press strives to use environmentally responsible sup-pliers and materials to the ullest extent possible in the publishing o its books. Such materials include vegetable-based, low-VOC inks and acid-ree papers that are recycled, totally chlorine-ree, or partly composed o nonwood ﬁbers. For urther inormation, visit our website at www. cornellpress.cornell.edu.

Cloth printing Paperback printing

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

To the Memory o Peter Mair

List o Figures and Tables Acknowledgments Abbreviations

Contents

Introduction: The Success, Fragility, and Diversity of Postsocialist Capitalism

1. Capitalist Diversity after Socialism Comparing East European Capitalisms Polanyian Varieties Postsocialist Regime Concepts Matrixes o Institutions and Perormances Puzzles o the Small State Pattern

2. Paths to Postsocialist Capitalism Leaving the East Mobilizing Consent Returning to the West: Transnationalization and European Integration

3. Nation Builders and Neoliberals: The Baltic States Origins o the National and Nationalizing Projects Exclusionary and Inclusionary Democracies The Politics o Early Economic Reorms Nationalist Social Contracts

ix xi xiii

7 9 13 17 25 53

55 58 62

96 98 99 104 113

viiiContents

Constructing the Estonian Success Story Internationalization, European Integration, and the Baltic Economic Miracle

4. Manufacturing Miracles and Welfare State Problems: The Visegrád Group Unsuccessul Experiments and Double-Edged Inheritances Welarist Social Contracts Rival Manuacturing Miracles Contesting the Euro

5. Neocorporatism and Weak States: The Southeastern European Countries Labor’s Won Battles and Lost Wars Postsocialist Capitalism in Strong and Weak States Neocorporatist Balancing versus Crisis-Driven Path Corrections

6. The Return of Hard Times Recession, Austerity, and No Alternatives: The Baltic States Semicore Specialization, Polarized Democracy, and Austerity: The Visegrád Model in Peril The Crisis, Neocorporatism, and Weak States: Southeastern Europe Responsible Government or the Specter o Ungovernability

Conclusion: Postsocialist Capitalism Twenty Years On Legacies, Initial Choices, and Repressed Alternatives Market, Welare, Democracy, and Identity: Compatibilities and Trade-ofs Virtues and Vices o Deep International Integration Global Convergence versus Capitalist Diversity New Global Transormations

Index

124

131

138 139 152 161 172

182 184 197 211

223 227

237

248 255

259 260

263 265 267 269

275

Figures and Tables

Figures 1.1. Institutional oundations o capitalist democracy’s goods, bads, and tensions 1.2. Neoliberal regime 1.3. Nonregime 1.4. Embedded neoliberal regime 1.5. Neocorporatist regime 2.1. Postsocialist regime ormation: The ﬁrst phase 2.2. Postsocialist regime ormation: International actors 3.1. At-risk-o-poverty rate ater social transers 5.1. Origins o inward FDI stock in Southeastern Europe and East Central European subregions

Tables 1.1. Perormance in opening and regulating markets, 1989–98 and 1999–2007 1.2. Compensation or economic transormation costs, 1989–98 and 1999–2007 1.3. Compensation or social transormation costs, 1989–95 and 1999–2006 1.4. Indicators o democratic government, 1989–98 and 1999–2007 1.5. Trends in social partnership institutions, 1989–98 and 1999–2007 1.6. State capacity, 1996–98 and 2000–2008 1.7. Semicore and semiperipheral proﬁles o international economic integration, 1989–98 and 1999–2007

21 23 23 23 23 82 94 117

210

35 39 41 43

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