Summary of Simon Singh & Edzard Ernst, M.D.'s Trick or Treatment , livre ebook

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Please note: This is a companion version & not the original book.
Sample Book Insights:
#1 The boom in bloodletting started in Ancient Greece, where it fit in with the widespread view that diseases are caused by an imbalance of four bodily fluids: blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm. Unaware of how blood circulates around the body, Greek physicians believed that it could become stagnant and cause ill-health.
#2 The practice of bloodletting was taken to America with the European colonization of the New World. American physicians saw no reason to question the techniques taught by the great European hospitals and universities, so they also considered bloodletting to be a mainstream medical procedure.
#3 On 14 December 1799, George Washington contracted a cold that would prove to be the greatest threat to his life. He had to be bloodlettenged multiple times, and even poulticed, but none of it helped. By the evening, it was clear that his powers of life were clearly yielding to the force of the disorder.
#4 The doctors who treated George Washington after he was wounded in the Battle of Yorktown were criticized for their bloodletting methods, but they claimed that it was a last-ditch effort to save the president’s life.

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Publié par	Everest Media LLC
Date de parution	16 mai 2022
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9798822511385
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	1 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0000€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

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Insights on Simon Singh & Edzard Ernst and M.D.'s Trick or Treatment
Contents Insights from Chapter 1 Insights from Chapter 2 Insights from Chapter 3 Insights from Chapter 4 Insights from Chapter 5 Insights from Chapter 6
Insights from Chapter 1

#1

The boom in bloodletting started in Ancient Greece, where it fit in with the widespread view that diseases are caused by an imbalance of four bodily fluids: blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm. Unaware of how blood circulates around the body, Greek physicians believed that it could become stagnant and cause ill-health.

#2

The practice of bloodletting was taken to America with the European colonization of the New World. American physicians saw no reason to question the techniques taught by the great European hospitals and universities, so they also considered bloodletting to be a mainstream medical procedure.

#3

On 14 December 1799, George Washington contracted a cold that would prove to be the greatest threat to his life. He had to be bloodlettenged multiple times, and even poulticed, but none of it helped. By the evening, it was clear that his powers of life were clearly yielding to the force of the disorder.

#4

The doctors who treated George Washington after he was wounded in the Battle of Yorktown were criticized for their bloodletting methods, but they claimed that it was a last-ditch effort to save the president’s life.

#5

The truth about bloodletting was decided in a court case in 1797. While Rush was a national hero, Cobbett was a foreigner, and the jury sided with Rush.

#6

Scurvy is a disease that results from vitamin C deficiency. It causes the body to disintegrate gradually and die painfully. The term vitamin describes an organic nutrient that is vital for survival, but which the body cannot produce itself.

#7

In 1746, a young Scottish naval surgeon named James Lind boarded HMS Salisbury. His sharp brain and meticulous mind allowed him to discard fashion, prejudice, hearsay, and instead he tackled the curse of scurvy with extreme logic and rationality.

#8

Lind’s trial proved that oranges and lemons were the cure for scurvy, but he did not publicize the findings. Six years later, he published his findings in a book dedicated to Commander Anson, who had famously lost over 1,000 men to scurvy just a few years earlier.

#9

The British Navy suffered from a lot of scurvy deaths during the Seven Years War with France, but in 1780, thirty-three years after the original trial, Lind’s work caught the eye of the influential physician Gilbert Blane. He decided that he would scrupulously monitor mortality rates throughout the British fleet in the West Indies.

#10

The British were the first to use lemons to treat scurvy, and they were also the first to use the clinical trial to test which treatments worked and which were ineffective. This allowed them to save hundreds of millions of lives around the world because they could cure diseases confidently relying on proven medicines.

#11

The first randomized clinical trial on the effects of bloodletting was conducted by Hamilton in 1799. It proved that bloodletting caused death rather than saved lives, and showed that the same was true for all other methods of treatment.

#12

The clinical trial, which was invented in the mid-1800s, allowed doctors to choose their treatment for a single patient by examining the evidence from several trials. This allowed doctors to be more objective when choosing a treatment, and as a result, many dangerous and useless therapies such as bloodletting began to decline.

#13

Evidence-based medicine is the use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients. It is a central part of the medical field, and it benefits patients by increasing the likelihood that they will receive the most appropriate treatment.

#14

Evidence-based medicine is a process that allows outside treatments to be heard, and it allows the medical establishment to accept any treatment that is proven to be effective, regardless of who is behind it.

#15

Florence Nightingale was a nurse who worked in the hospitals of the Crimean War. She was able to reduce the death rate of soldiers by 90 percent, but her methods were still controversial.

#16

Florence Nightingale was a military nurse who was extremely dedicated and skilled, but she was also a brilliant statistician. She used statistical arguments to back her claim that improved hygiene led to higher survival rates, and she helped launch a revolution in army hospitals.

#17

Nightingale’s passion for statistics enabled her to persuade the government of the importance of a whole series of health reforms. She used statistics to show that home births were safer than hospital births, and that soldiers based in Britain had a higher mortality rate than civilians.

#18

The research that revealed the dangers of smoking was conducted by Sir Austin Bradford Hill and Sir Richard Doll, who had similar backgrounds. They decided to conduct a prospective cohort study or an observational study, which is a less interventionist approach than a randomized clinical trial.

#19

The British Doctors Study, which was a prospective cohort study, found that smoking increased the risk of lung cancer by a factor of twenty. It also found that smoking increased the risk of heart attacks, and other health problems.

#20

The link between smoking and lung cancer was proven beyond any reasonable doubt because of evidence emerging from several independent sources, each one confirming the other. The British Doctors Survey and similar studies were attacked by the tobacco industry, but Doll, Hill and their colleagues fought back and demonstrated that rigorous scientific research can establish the truth.

#21

The concept of evidence-based medicine was recognized among the top fifteen medical breakthroughs. It is about deciding best medical practice based on the best available evidence. It underpins many of the other breakthroughs, such as antibiotics and vaccines, which have prevented many diseases from even occurring.

#22

There have been thousands of clinical trials that have examined the efficacy of alternative therapies. We will examine the results of these trials and determine which therapies work and which ones fail, which are safe and which are dangerous.
Insights from Chapter 2

#1

Acupuncture, the process of puncturing the skin with needles to improve health, is a system of medicine that has its origins in China. It is based on the belief that health and wellbeing are related to the flow of a life force through pathways in the human body.

#2

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