Conquest of Self , livre ebook

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154 pages

English

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This book contains Mahatma Gandhi’s 1943 work, "Conquest Of Self". This inspiring text would make for a worthy addition to any personal library, and will be of special interest to fans and collectors of Mahatma Gandhi’s seminal work. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869 - 1948) was the most significant leader in the Indian independence movement in British-ruled India. He championed non-violent civil disobedience, civil rights, and personal freedom for all people. Many vintage texts such as this are increasingly scarce and expensive, and it is with this in mind that we are republishing this volume now, in an affordable, high-quality, modern edition. It comes complete with a specially commissioned biography of the author.

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Publié par	Read Books Ltd.
Date de parution	28 juin 2021
Nombre de lectures	5
EAN13	9781528760775
Langue	English

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0500€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

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CONQUEST OF SELF
By
MAHATMA GANDHI
Compiled by
R. K. PRABHU U. R. RAO
Copyright 2019 Read Books Ltd. This book is copyright and may not be reproduced or copied in any way without the express permission of the publisher in writing
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Mahatma Gandhi
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2 October, 1869, in Porbandar, Kathiawar Agency, British Indian Empire. He has become internationally known as the leader of Indian nationalism in British ruled India. Ghandi, through a combination of non-violent civil disobedience and personal sacrifice, led India to independence, inspiring further movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. The honorific Mahatma (Sanskrit for high-souled or Venerable ) was applied to Gandhi first in South Africa in 1914, but is now used worldwide. Born and raised a Hindu of a merchant caste family, Gandhi travelled to London at the age of nineteen to study law. He studied Indian law and jurisprudence at University College London , training as a barrister at the Inner Temple. Throughout his time abroad, Gandhi kept a vow, which he made to his mother in the presence of a Jain monk, to abstain from meat and alcohol as well as promiscuity. He was elected to the executive committee of the Vegetarian Society, as well at becoming a member of the Theosophical society, the latter of which promoted the study of Buddhist and Hindu literature. It was within the legal profession that Gandhi first explored civil disobedience as a political tactic, fighting for the civil rights of an Indian trading community based in the city of Pretoria, South Africa. After witnessing the racism and injustice prevalent in South Africa, Ghandi began to question his own position in society well as his countries standing in the British Empire more generally. On his return to India in 1915, Ghandi organised widespread protests against the government s excessive land taxes and social discrimination. Becoming leader of the Indian National Congress in 1921, these protests were widened to encompass issues such as women s rights, religious tolerance, easing poverty and ending untouchability. However, the one topic which remained paramount for Ghandi was self-rule. His first major achievement was the Champaran and Kheda agitations of Bihar and Gujarat, which pitted the peasantry against their British landlords, and after his championing of the Khilafat movement, a Muslim protest against the collapsing status of their movement, Ghandi had the broad support of both the Muslim and Hindu population. Following widespread anger at the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919) in which hundreds of civilians lost their lives at the hands of the British, Ghandi became a massive political figure. Eventually the British granted independence in 1947, but partitioned the country into two; a Hindu majority India and a Muslim Pakistan. As a result of the ensuing population movements, violence broke out and Ghandi visited the affected areas, taking several near-death fasts to promote harmony. Some felt that Gandhi was too accommodating however, and among them was Nathuram Godse, a Hindu nationalist. He assassinated Gandhi on 30 January 1948, firing three bullets into his chest point-blank range. Gandhi s death was mourned across the whole nation, and over two million people joined his funeral procession. According to Hindu tradition, Gandhi s ashes were spread the Sangam river, on 12 February 1948, but some were secretly taken away, with several urns scattered in Uganda, other locations in India and Los Angeles.
CONTENTS
Introduction
P ART I: B RAHMACHARYA
I.
What Is Brahmacharya?
II.
In Confidence
III.
Abolish Marriage!
IV.
What Is Natural?
V.
Conservation Of Vital Energy
VI.
Self-restraint v . Self-indulgence
VII.
The Necessity Of Continence
VIII.
Self-control
IX.
Purity
X.
Chastity
XI.
Lusting With The Eye
XII.
My Vow Of Brahmacharya
P ART II: I DEAL M ARRIAGE
I.
The Marriage Ideal
II.
Married Brahmacharya
III.
On The Threshold Of Married Life
IV.
To The Married And The Unmarried
V.
The Ideal Husband
VI.
My Ideal Of A Wife
VII.
Motherhood
VIII.
Children
IX.
Avoidable Misery
X.
What A Girl Needs
XI.
My Married Life
P ART III: B IRTH C ONTROL
I.
Birth Control
II.
The Law Of Life
III.
Two Birth Control Enthusiasts
IV.
Self-control v . Contraceptives
V.
For Contraceptives
VI.
Sex Education
VII.
The Common Bed
P ART IV: W OMAN S R OLE
I.
Equal Rights For Women
II.
For Women Reformers
III.
Women s Mission
IV.
Regeneration Of Women
V.
What Is Woman s Role?
VI.
Wrong Apotheosis Of Women
VII.
Child-wives and Child-widows
VIII.
Widow-Remarriage
IX.
Sati
X.
Our Fallen Sisters
XI.
The Devadasis
XII.
Tear Down The Purdah
P ART V: T O T HE Y OUTH
I.
Modern Youth
II.
A Youth s Difficulty
III.
Heading For Promiscuity
IV.
Students Shame
V.
The Modern Girl
VI.
A Sister s Questions
VII.
Self-defence For Women
P ART VI: D IET AND H EALTH
Hints On Diet And Health
A PPENDIX G ENERATION A ND R EGENERATION
I.
Generation In Biology
II.
Regeneration In Biology
III.
Regeneration And The Unconscious
IV.
Generation And Death
V.
The Organ And The Mind
VI.
Personal Sexual Ethic
VII.
Eros And Agape
VIII.
Social Sexual Ethic
Glossary
Index
Mahatmaji giving his blessings to little Sheila the first child of a very happy inter-religious, inter-provincial marriage .
INTRODUCTION
T HAT human society is a ceaseless growth, an unfoldment in terms of spirituality;
That bestiality is as far removed from manhood as matter from spirit;
That though there is nothing to be ashamed of in the sex-urge, it is meant only for the act of creation;
That while absolute Brahmacharya, or control of all the senses at all times and at all places in thought, word and deed, is a consummation devoutedly to be wished, if one dare not think of it, one might marry by all means, but even then one must live a life of self-restraint;
That marriage must be considered as a sacrament imposing discipline upon the partners, restricting them to the physical union only among themselves and for the purpose only of procreation when both the partners desire and are prepared for it;
That the observance of the Law of Continence is impossible without a living faith in God which is living Truth;
That woman must cease to consider herself the object of man s lust or plaything if she has to fulfil her destiny;
That self-control is the surest and the only method of regulating the birth-rate and birth-control by contraceptives is both immoral and suicidal;
And that a large part of the miseries of today can be avoided if we look at the relations between the sexes in a healthy and pure light and regard ourselves as the trustees for the moral welfare of the future generations-such are the central teachings of the Gospel of Brahmacharya which Mahatma Gandhi has expounded during the past four decades from countless platforms and in his numerous contributions to the pages of his Indian Opinion, Young India, Navajivan and Harijan . An attempt has been made in the present work to collate and co-ordinate as many passages as could be garnered from his writings and speeches bearing on the subject of the relations of the sexes and to present them in a single handy volume so as to enable the world dispassionately to study the teachings of one of the masterminds of the age.
Even a cursory glance through any single chapter of this work will show to the reader that Gandhiji holds radical views on most of the subjects dealt with by him and that not infrequently some of these views constitute a direct challenge to those professed in so-called enlightened and progressive society. But, they are expressed with such an entire absence of dogmatism and with such compelling appeal to reason that it will be difficult to brush them aside as being obsolete or obscurantist. It is our earnest hope as the compilers that this work will help to spread the teachings of the Saint of Sabarmati and Sevagram and to promote among the younger generation of today a healthy outlook on the relations between the sexes.
In compiling this work we have drawn freely not only on the volumes of Young India and Harijan but also on the publications of Messrs. Natesan and Co., Madras, and S. Ganesan, Madras, containing the writings and speeches of Gandhiji. To these publishers our sincere thanks are due. We are, in particular, grateful to the Navajivan Trust, who hold the copyright of Gandhiji s writings, for permission to reprint passages from Young India, Harijan and Navajivan . Ungrudging assistance has been rendered to us in our work by a number of friends, among whom special mention should be made of Rao Saheb D. A. Telang, B. N.Motiwalla, and K. N. Gopalier. We are also grateful to Prof. Satish D. Kalelkar of the Benares Hindu University for kindly permitting us to reproduce in this work the photograph showing Gandhiji giving his blessings to the infant daughter of Pr