Witchcraft in Russia and Ukraine, 1000-1900

537 pages

English

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Cornell University Press - Valerie A. Kivelson; Christine D. Worobec

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This sourcebook provides the first systematic overview of witchcraft laws and trials in Russia and Ukraine from medieval times to the late nineteenth century. Witchcraft in Russia and Ukraine, 1000-1900 weaves scholarly commentary with never-before-published primary source materials translated from Polish, Russian, and Ukrainian. These sources include the earliest references to witchcraft and sorcery, secular and religious laws regarding witchcraft and possession, full trial transcripts, and a wealth of magical spells. The documents present a rich panorama of daily life and reveal the extraordinary power of magical words.Editors Valerie A. Kivelson and Christine D. Worobec present new analyses of the workings and evolution of legal systems, the interplay and tensions between church and state, and the prosaic concerns of the women and men involved in witchcraft proceedings. The extended documentary commentaries also explore the shifting boundaries and fraught political relations between Russia and Ukraine.

Sujets

Russie

Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques

History of Europe

Russia

Soviet Union

Witchcraft

Legal history

Post-Soviet states

USSR

Former Soviet Union

Informations

Publié par	Cornell University Press
Date de parution	15 novembre 2020
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9781501750670
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	11 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,7500€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

Extrait

WITCHCRAFT

IN RUSSIA

AND UKRAINE,

1000–1900

A volume in the NIU Series in

SLAVIC, EAST EUROPEAN, AND EURASIAN STUDIES Edited by Christine D. Worobec

FOR A LIST OF BOOKS IN THE SERIES, VISIT OUR WEBSITE AT CORNELLPRESS.CORNELL.EDU.

WITCHCRAFT IN RUSSIA AND UKRAINE, 1000–1900

A Sourcebook • • • • • • • • • • • •

Edited by VALERIE A. KIVELSON AND CHRISTINE D. WOROBEC

NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY PRESS an împrîn o Corne Unîversîy Press ïaca and ondon

A rîgs reserved. Excep or brîe quoaîons în a revîew, îs book, or pars ereo, mus no be reproduced în any orm wîou permîssîon în wrîîng rom e pubîser. For înormaîon, address Corne Unîversîy Press, Sage House, 512 Eas Sae Sree, ïaca, New York 14850. Vîsî our websîe a cornepress.corne.edu.

Fîrs pubîsed 2020 by Corne Unîversîy Press

Prîned în e Unîed Saes o Amerîca

îbrary o Congress Caaogîng-în-Pubîcaîon Daa Names: Kîveson, Vaerîe A. (Vaerîe Ann), edîor. | Worobec, Crîsîne D., 1955– edîor. Tîe: Wîccrat în Russîa and Ukraîne, 1000–1900 : a sourcebook / edîed by Vaerîe A. Kîveson and Crîsîne D. Worobec. Descrîpîon: ïaca [New York] : Norern ïînoîs Unîversîy Press an împrîn o Corne Unîversîy Press, 2020. | Serîes: NïU serîes în Savîc, Eas European, and Eurasîan sudîes | ïncudes bîbîograpîca reerences and îndex. ïdenîIers: CCN 2019054363 (prîn) | CCN 2019054364 (ebook) | ïSBN 9781501750649 (ardcover) | ïSBN 9781501750656 (paperback) | ïSBN 9781501750663 (ebook) | ïSBN 9781501750670 (pd) Subjecs: CSH: Wîccrat—Russîa—Hîsory. | Wîccrat— Ukraîne—Hîsory. | Magîc—Russîa—Hîsory. | Magîc— Ukraîne—Hîsory. | Wîccrat—aw and egîsaîon—Russîa. | Wîccrat—aw and egîsaîon—Ukraîne. CassîIcaîon: CC BF1584.R8 W58 2020 (prîn) | CC BF1584.R8 (ebook) | DDC 133.4/30947—dc23 C record avaîabe a ps://ccn.oc.gov/2019054363 C ebook record avaîabe a ps://ccn.oc.gov/2019054364

Cover image: “Baba Iaga deretsia s krokodilom,” D. A. Rovinskii, 1881. Slavic and East European Collections, The New York Public Library Digital Collections.

We dedicate this volume to our esteemed colleagues, Kateryna Dysa, Olga Kosheleva, Aleksandr Lavrov, and Elena B. Smilianskaia, for their intellectual insights, generosity, support, and, above all, friendship. Without their substantive contributions, beginning with the inspiring Paris workshop on Witchcraft in Russia and Ukraine, and continuing with their willingness to share transcriptions of archival documents and their ongoing intellectual support, this volume would not have come into being.

In the name of the Father, the Son and Holy Spirit. I, the servant of God (name), shall arise and bless myself, crossing myself I shall leave the hut by the doors, I shall leave the yard by the gates. I shall go out onto the wide road with my face to the east and my back to the west. I shall bow and pray. In the open country on the wide plain there are four brothers, the wild winds, east, west, south and north. As you [winds] served the true Christ, the king of heaven, so may you serve me, the good servant of God (name). Take from me, the servant of God, grief and dryness, and black misery, take them away and do not let them drop against the wind or with the wind, against the sun or with the sun, against the stream and with the stream, and through the owing brooks and swift rivers, through high mountains and dark forests, through iron fences. Walking from the hall, or sitting on the stair or bed, or lying on the bed, or sitting at the table, with his father or mother or sister or brother, or friend or all his family, take him by the white hands and instill in his white body and ardent heart and black liver and seventy-seven veins (sinews) and seven joints that he may not live without me, the slave of God N, nor eat nor sleep, that he may agonize with a deadly anguish, an anguish he may not eat or drink away, or wash away in the bathhouse, but only run after me, take me by the neck, kiss me on the lips, and look no more on his father or mother, or sister or family or anyone at all; so may he think of me, slave of God N, during the day in sunlight and at night by moonlight, at dawn and sunset, at the new moon and the old moon and at the quarters of the moon and on the days in between. May my words be îrm forever and ever, Amen!

— 1860s love spell recorded by P. N. Rybnikov,Pesni, sobrannye P. N. Rybnikovym, 2nd ed., ed. E. A. Guzinskii (Moscow, 1910; repr. Moscow, 1991), 214–15; translated in W. F. Ryan,The Bathhouse at Midnight: Magic in Russia(University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1999), 181–82.

CONTENTS

îs o ïusraîons Tîmeîne Acknowedgmens îs o Abbrevîaîons Noe on Transaîon and Transîeraîon

INôUçîôN

Par I. HISTORICAL EVOLUTION, LAW, AND PROSECUTION

1. EàY AççôUNŝ ôf WîççàT, SôçéY, àN Màgîç îN MéîéVà RUŝ 1.1. Pagan Soosayers and Magîcîans în e Prîmary Cronîce 1.2. “Maybe, bu God Knows”: Sorcery în e Novgorodîan Cronîce (1227) 1.3. Bîsop Serapîon o Vadîmîr Condemns Beîe în Wîccrat (1274) 1.4. S. Aîmpîî and e eper Wo Consued Magîcîans (KyîvanPaerîcon)

2. WîççàT àN Pôîîçŝ îN MUŝçôVY àN é HéàNàé 2.1. he Dea o Marîa o Tver, ïvan ïïï’s Fîrs Wîe, by Wîccrat (1467) 2.2. Wîccrat Accusaîons agaîns Grand Prîncess SoIa Paeoogue (1497) 2.3. Wîccrat Accusaîons agaîns Grand Prîncess Soomonîa Saburova (1525)

xîîî xv xîx xxî xxîîî

15 16 22 23 24

26 28 29 30

VIII CONTENTS

2.4. Trîas o Maksîm e Greek or Treason, Heresy, and Sorcery (1525 & 1531) 2.5. he Grea Moscow Fîre and e Sprînkîng o Human Hears by e Tsar’s Grandmoer, Anna Gînskaîa (1547) 2.6. ïvan Peresveov’s 1549 Tae abou Sorcery a Cour în e Fîna Days o e Byzanîne Empîre (Excerps rom e “Greaer Peîîon”) 2.7. Jerome Horsey on Wîccrat a e Cour o ïvan ïV (e Terrîbe) 2.8. he Vîcîous Sorcerer Eeazar Bomeîus Descrîbed în a Russîan Cronîce

2.9. Sorcery Aegaîons rom ïvan e Terrîbe’s Correspondence wî Prînce Kurbskîî and Kurbskîî’sHîsory o e Grand Prînce o Moscow

2.10. oyay Oas

2.11. Grîgorîî Koosîkîn and Samue Coîns on e Aeged Poîsonîng or Bewîcmen o Tsar Aekseî Mîkaîovîc’s Fîrs Beroed, and on Bewîcmen a Weddîngs (1647) 2.12. Heman ïvan Brîukoveskîî’s Burnîng o Wîces (1666) 2.13. Poîîca Sorcery agaîns e Prussîan Kîng (1760)

3. Làŝ àN GUîéîNéŝ çôNçéNîNg é PôŝéçUîôN ôf WîççàT, Làé éT CéNUY ô 1885 3.1. Byzanîne Curc aw and ïs Ecoes în Russîa Kormchaia kniga(1653) Excerpt from a court case from the late 1660s containing a fragment of theKormchaiaChurch Statute of Iaroslav the Wise (late twelfth/early thirteenth century) Russian Orthodox penitential listings involving sorcery and magic (fourteenth—early nineteenth centuries) TheDomostroi: A household handbook of the mid-sixteenth century 3.2. Excerps rom Cares V’s 1532Consîuîo Crîmînaîs Caroînaand e 1559 Poîs Versîon 3.3. Procedures or e Cours and Afaîrs o Towns under Magdeburg aw under e Poîs Crown (1559) 3.4. Quesîons and Answers rom e Moscow Curc Councî (Sogav) o 1551

3.5. ïvan ïV’s 1552 aw on Wîccrat 3.6. 1589 aw on e Honor o Wîces 3.7. 1648 Decree agaîns Devîîs Conduc 3.8.Sobornoe uozenîe: he Concîîar aw Code o 1649 3.9. Aekseî Mîkaîovîc’s Decree Proîbîîng Wîccrat and Acîvîîes Repeen o God (1653)

40 44 48

49 59

70 74 77

79 93 94

96 98

100 109

112

114

114 121 122 124 126

128

C O N T E N T S I x

3.10. “Newy Esabîsed Arîces on Robbery, Brîgandage, and Murder and Reaed Decree” (1669) 3.11. Grîgorîî Koosîkîn on Muscovîe Judîcîa Process, Torure, and Execuîon (1660s) 3.12. Peer ï’s 1715 Decree agaîns Srîekers (e Demonîcay Possessed) 3.13. Peer ï’s 1716 Mîîary Saue and Suggesed Revîsîons o ïs Reîgîous Arîces (1725) 3.14. Excerps rom e Spîrîua Reguaîon (1721) 3.15. Hoy Synod’s Decree agaîns e Swîmmîng o ïndîvîduas (1721) 3.16. Empress Anna ïoannovna’s Decree agaîns Wîzardry (1731) 3.17. Caerîne ïï’s 1767 ïnsrucîons o e egîsaîve Commîssîon and e Hoy Synod’s Response 3.18. Senae’s Ruîng Admonîsîng Judges (1770) 3.19. Caerîne ïï’s Decrees (1775 and 1782) 3.20. Excerps rom e Crîmîna aws: 1842, 1845, and 1885 edîîons

4. WîççàT îàŝ’ Pôçéŝŝéŝ àN Exàégà PôŝéçUîôN ôf WîççàT: Côéé Réçôŝ

A. Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (PLC) and he Hetmanate 4.1. Andreî Kurbskîî’s Sorcery Aegaîons agaîns Hîs Wîe, Marîa ïurevna Gosanskaîa, în Dîvorce Proceedîngs (1578) 4.2. Fase Accusaîon o Wîccrat agaîns Sîemîonowa Paucîuîna, a Cossack Woman (1634) 4.3. Swîmmîng o Wîces în Podîîa (1711) 4.4. Wîccrat and ïnanîcîde (1753) B. Muscovy and Imperial Russia 4.5. he Trîa o e Od Peasan Woman Baba Darîsa and Oers (1647) 4.6. A Case o Suspîcîous Roos: Rogaaîa Baba and e Use o Torure (1647–48) 4.7. A Mass Oubreak o Possessîon în e Town o uk (1656–60) 4.8. he 1758 Trîa o Camberaîn Per Vasîevîc Saykov 4.9. he 1764–65 Case agaîns e Peasan Ekaerîna ïvanova or Dabbîng în Wîccrat 4.10. An Epîdemîc o Demonîc Possessîon în a Uras Foundry Town (1839–40)

130

131 134

137 143 145 147

148 150 155 156

162

165

170 171 172 180 186

202 207 220

238

244