Explaining Diabetes , livre ebook

Straightforward Publishing - Doreen Jarrett

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84 pages

English

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Diabetes, particularly Type 2 Diabetes, is perhaps one of the biggest health threats we face today. There are a number of factors, creating a 'perfect storm' which come together to create diabetes, not least the diet we eat and the lifestyles adopted generally in the 21st century. Explaining Diabetes is a comprehensive guide to diabetes whether type 1 or type 2 and offers the reader guidelines which will help to either avoid the onset or, if already diagnosed, to manage the condition.

Informations

Publié par	Straightforward Publishing
Date de parution	25 août 2020
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9781913776282
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	1 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0300€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

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AN EMERALD GUIDE TO
EXPLAINING DIABETES
DOREEN JARRETT
Editor: Roger Sproston
Emerald Guides www.straightforwardco.co.uk
Emerald Guides
Straightforward Co Ltd 2020
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in a retrieval system or transmitted by any means, electronic or mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright holders.
ISBN: 978-1-913342-52-4 ePUB ISBN: 978-1-913776-28-2 Kindle ISBN: 978-1-913776-18-3
Printed by 4edge www.4edge.co.uk
Cover design by BW Studio Derby
Whilst every effort has been made to ensure that the information contained within this book is correct at the time of going to press, the author and publisher can take no responsibility for any errors and omissions contained within.
Contents
Introduction
Coronavirus and diabetes
Chapter 1. What is Diabetes?
Who gets diabetes?
Type 1 Diabetes and Insulin
Type 2 diabetes
Genetics of Diabetes
What leads to genetic diabetes?
Type 1 Diabetes-genetics
Type 2 Diabetes-genetics
Type 1 Diabetes: Your Child s Risk
Type 2 Diabetes: Your Child s Risk
Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY)
Types of MODY
Main points from Chapter 1
Chapter 2. Symptoms and Diagnosis
Common symptoms of type 1 diabetes
Common symptoms of type 2 diabetes
Acanthosis nigricans
Gestational diabetes
Problems with eyesight
What is diabetic retinopathy?
Symptoms of diabetic retinopathy
Preventing diabetic retinopathy
Treatment of retinopathy
Glaucoma and Diabetes
How does glaucoma start?
Is glaucoma linked with diabetes?
How is glaucoma diagnosed?
Diabetes and Hypoglycemia
People affected by hypos
Causes of hypoglycemia
Diagnosis of hypoglycemia
Treating hypoglycemia
Preventing hypoglycemia
Main points from Chapter 2
Chapter 3 General Diabetes Care
Checking glucose levels
Monitoring glucose
Bladder kidneys
Your feet
Heart disease
Sexual health
Depression
Main points from Chapter 3
Chapter 4. The Importance of Diet and Exercise
Diabetes and Exercise
The Importance of exercise
Defining exercise
Taking precautions
Precautions for people on insulin or oral medication
Diabetes and diet
Fruit and vegetables
Starchy foods
Meat, fish, eggs, pulses, beans and nuts
Dairy foods
Foods high in fat and sugar
Salt
Type 1 diabetes and coeliac disease
Natural remedies and diabetes
Aloe Vera and Diabetes
Bilberry extract
Bitter Melon and Diabetes
Cinnamon and Diabetes
Fenugreek and Diabetes
Ginger and Diabetes
Okra
Main points from Chapter 4
Chapter 5. Medication and Diabetes
Insulin
Types of insulin
The aim of insulin therapy
Insulin pumps
Insulin passports
Type 2 diabetes
Sulphonylureas
Biguanides
Acarbose- Thiazolidinediones (Glitazones)
Glinides
Gliptins
SGLT2 Inhibitors (Gliflozins)
Incretin Mimetics (GLP-1 Agonists)
Main points from Chapter 5
Chapter 6. Advances in The Treatment of Diabetes
Funding research
Further research
Glossary of terms
Useful addresses and websites
Index
****
Introduction
You may be reading this book (Revised Edition 2020) because you have either contracted diabetes and want to know more or one of your loved ones or friends has the condition, or you are just generally interested. Either way, diabetes is more and more prevalent now than ever before and it is necessary for everyone affected, or potentially affected, to have a knowledge of the condition, how it arises, what are the implications and symptoms and how to control it.
There are certain common factors associated with diabetes: type 1diabetes is treated with insulin and type 2 with a general range of tablet based medications. However, one very important factor here is the lifestyle of the diabetic. Of equal importance alongside diet and medication is diet and exercise.
This book is an introduction to diabetes and seeks to explain the nature of the condition, the symptoms, how to control the symptoms and also how to adjust one s lifestyle to ensure that the effects of diabetes are minimised and, in some cases, eradicated altogether.
Chapter 1 begins by explaining diabetes. chapter 2 discusses symptoms, chapter 3 diabetes care, chapter 4 diet and exercise, chapter 5 medications used in diabetes and chapter 6 advances in diabetes care.
How coronavirus can affect people with diabetes
If you have diabetes - regardless of what type you have - you are no more likely to catch coronavirus than anyone else. And the majority of people who do get coronavirus - whether they have diabetes or not - will have mild symptoms and don t need to go into hospital. However everyone with diabetes, including those with type 1, type 2, gestational and other types, is vulnerable to developing a severe illness if they do get coronavirus, but the way it affects you can vary from person to person.
Being ill can make your blood sugar go all over the place. Your body tries to fight the illness by releasing stored glucose (sugar) into your blood stream to give you energy. But your body can t produce enough or any insulin to cope with this, so your blood sugars rise. Your body is working overtime to fight the illness, making it harder to manage your diabetes. This means you re more at risk of having serious blood sugar highs and lows, potentially leading to DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) or HHS (hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state).
Some people are being treated for coronavirus with a steroid called dexamethasone, which can make your blood sugars go high.
How coronavirus can affect children with diabetes
Although children can catch the virus, they normally have very mild symptoms. However, as with all people with diabetes, an illness like coronavirus can make it harder to manage your child s diabetes and they still have a risk of DKA. So it is important that you make sure your child follows social distancing and hand washing recommendations to reduce their risk of catching it.
How coronavirus can affect pregnant women with diabetes
The same rules apply to pregnant women as for everyone with diabetes. If you re pregnant and have diabetes, then you are not more at risk of getting the virus. However, if you do get the virus, you could be more at risk of developing complications and it could become harder to manage your diabetes. For that reason, it s really important you re extra careful and follow social distancing rules.
How coronavirus can affect people from Black, Asian and minority ethnic groups
The risk of death from coronavirus for some ethnic groups is higher than for people of white ethnicity. But it is important to remember that there are lots of factors involved, like age, and overall risk of dying from coronavirus is very low.
Do people with diabetes have to shield?
Shielding is a way of protecting clinically extremely vulnerable people who are at a very high risk of severe illness and needing to go to hospital if they catch coronavirus. It means staying at home almost all of the time, with no face-to-face contact. In many areas of the UK (as at July 2020), you can now leave your home and see people outside of your household. If you are shielding and do meet someone outside, make sure you follow stringent social distancing.
Going to work
Employers should do everything possible to support you to work from home or make your workplace safe if you can t work from home. Below is some guidance based on your situation.
If you re a parent with diabetes working at home
There is no obligation to send your child back to school when they reopen. We know some of you are worried about your child bringing the virus home, and that s understandable. Speak to your GP or diabetes team about this - they will help you make this decision.However, the government has made clear that they want all children back to school as from September 2020.
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If you can t work from home and have diabetes
Your employer must make sure your workplace is safe - this means doing a risk assessment at work. Or speak to your employer about the government furlough scheme.
If you can t work from home and have a child with diabetes
If you re a key worker, you can take them to school. And in some areas of the UK, schools are starting to open for other children.
Children and school
Everyone, including children with diabetes, can get coronavirus. The rules about on social distancing apply to children with diabetes too. If you are a parent and you are a key worker, then you are able to keep taking your child to school. And in some areas of the UK, government is starting a phased return of more children going back to school. Schools should be practicing social distancing for your child. This is to prevent the virus from spreading between children and your home. We know this is easier said than done, and can depend on how old your child is and the size of the school. Talk to the teaching staff if you don t feel that social distancing is possible in your child s school.
You may be worried about the safety of your child returning to school if they have diabetes. We recommend speaking to the school and to your child s diabetes team about your concerns - they should be able to give you the information you need to help you make a decision.
Going to appointments or into hospital
If you have coronavirus symptoms, do not go to a GP surgery, pharmacy or hospital even if you have an appointment. If you re already having treatment for something like a foot or eye problem, and you don t have coronavirus symptoms, then your appointments should still carry on. If you re worried about going to your clinic or hospital at this time or want to check whether your appointment is still going ahead, call the number on your appointment letter or speak to your GP.
Most routine appointments like your annual diabetes review have been cancelled or postponed. But you should be able to reschedule once things go back to normal. It s okay t