Analysis of the Game of Chess , livre ebook

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152 pages

English

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A guide to the ultimate game of strategy by one of its greatest players. A. Philidor gives you step by step instruction from the opening move through attack and defence all the way to the final move. Many of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900s and before, are now extremely scarce and increasingly expensive. We are republishing these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwork.

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Publié par	Read Books Ltd.
Date de parution	15 janvier 2013
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9781447484950
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	1 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0500€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

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ANALYSIS
OF THE
GAME OF CHESS,
BY
A. D. PHILIDOR
ILLUSTRATED BY DIAGRAMS,
ON WHICH ARE MARKED THE SITUATION OF THE PARTY FOR BACK-GAMES AND ENDS OF PARTIES:
With Critical Remarks and Notes
BY THE
AUTHOR OF THE STRATAGEMS OF CHESS.
ADVERTISEMENT
OF THE
EDITOR AND TRANSLATOR.

THE incontestable superiority which Philidor preserved, for nearly half a century, over the most skilful players of Europe, would alone be sufficient to cause the merit of this work to be appreciated, were not the treatise itself universally acknowledged to be one of the best and most precious writings on the science of the Game of Chess. The author of it was particularly eminent for the skilful man uvre of his pawns: it was he who first established it as a principle that it was impossible to be a good player, without knowing how to play the pawns, which he called the Soul of Chess , and that, on their proper or improper arrangement, depends almost always either the gain or the loss of the party. In the playing of this great master are constantly to be found a regular attack and a premeditated defence; and his remarks, whilst they prove his perfect knowledge of the game, attest the profundity of his genius.
Philidor published his Analysis of Chess in 1749; he was then but twenty-three years of age, and was already considered as the greatest player of his time. The first edition only contained nine games, and the method of giving mate with a castle and bishop against a castle, concerning which anterior writers were in doubt, among whom were Salvio and Carrera. This treatise was rendered the more instructive by the new method adopted of analysing the game in his notes on the most essential moves, and reducing it to principles, which might equally serve to guide the player in the attack as well as the defence. Twenty-eight years afterwards, namely in 1777, he published a second edition, with a Supplement and Ends of Parties, which rendered this work more finished, and at the same time more elementary.
This book having been printed only by subscription, the edition has become exceedingly scarce; it was consequently thought that it would be rendering an essential service to the amateurs of Chess by presenting them with a new edition of Philidor s Analysis, in which the more convenient method of placing the remarks after each move has been adopted, whereby the reader is not obliged to turn the page, nor divert his attention, by searching for a remark upon the move which he has immediately before him. *
This new edition is consequently a translation from Philidor s original work, the notes or remarks of which it has been necessary entirely to new-model. If, moreover, the Author s words have been at times changed, the aim of the Translator has been to render Philidor s meaning in a clear and precise manner, without deviating essentially from his own words. For the sake of method, and to facilitate to amateurs the study of this great model, the variations or different ways of playing the first parties have been placed immediately after the parties themselves; these in Philidor s second edition were given merely in the Supplement to the work.
Considerable advantage will be, moreover, gained by having the position of the game marked on Diagrams for every end of party, and the back-games which take place after the seventh or eighth move of a party already begun. This method, by affording a player the facility of immediately placing the pieces and verifying at a glance the real situation, will likewise spare the amateur the trouble of having several chess-boards, for situations which he would wish to preserve, without obliging him to recommence the same party on every back-game.
The best manner of studying the game with advantage, either for one or two players wishing to derive equal instruction from the excellent principles on the theory and practice of chess, would be for. each to play, one after the other, the games on the board; to examine every move separately, and dive into its motive; to try, in short, how he would play in such and such a situation, and then to make the comparison between his own play and that of the Author, and discover the reason that renders the latter preferable. By thus exercising himself, visible progress will soon be perceived; and after a few months study, followed up in this manner, more knowledge of the game will be acquired than would be learned by losing whole years in playing without guide or principles.
* This method is the same as the one adopted in the Translator s Chess Exercises.
PREFACE OF THE AUTHOR.

S EVERAL learned Authors have published their inquiries on the origin of Chess. I will not venture to give my opinion on its conformity with the Latrunculi of ancient Rome. The Chinese play at Chess; but their game is nothing like ours, either in the march of the pawns or the strength of the pieces. The Arabians very probably brought this game into Europe; and their authors ascribe its invention to the Indians. Though Chess has contributed to the amusement of the greatest heroes, for many ages past, the English and Spaniards seem to have been principally engaged in it, since the first treatises on that subject have been printed in those languages; nevertheless Italy exceeds them in the number of volumes; and the IV. B cher vom Shach-und K nigs Spiel of the Duke of Brunswick, published under the fictitious name of Gustavus Selenus , constitute the whole of what Germany offers us of any consequence on the game. France has, at all times, had good players; but they have neglected to impart their discoveries to the public; and, I believe, I am the first of my nation who has taken upon himself to set forth in a true light the theory and practice of this game. This work is divided into two parts; the first is chiefly composed of the edition of 1749, with corrections and new remarks; the second combines a great number of new methods of beginning and finishing the game, not only useful but necessary to be known.
As I attribute the success of my first treatise to the notes that accompany it, and as they serve to give general rules of the game, I have here followed the same method, and flatter myself of having brought to some degree of perfection the theory of a game, that learned authors, such as Leibnitz and others, have classed among the Sciences.
CONTENTS.

A DVERTISEMENT of the Editor and Translator
Preface of the Author
FIRST PARTY
First Back-game
Second Back-game
F IRST V ARIATION
First Back-game
Supplement to the First Back-game
Second Back-game
Third Back-game
Fourth Back-game
Fifth Back-game
S ECOND V ARIATION
T HIRD V ARIATION
Back-game
F OURTH V ARIATION
Back-game
SECOND PARTY
First Back-game
Second Back-game
Third Back-game
V ARIATION
First Back-game
Second Back-game
Third Back-game
THIRD PARTY
DEFENSIVE GAMES.
FOURTH PARTY
First Back-game
Second Back-game
Third Back-game
FIFTH PARTY
First Back-game
Second Back-game
GAMBITS.
FIRST GAMBIT
First Back-game
Second Back-game
Third Back-game
Fourth Back-game
Fifth Back-game
Sixth Back-game
Seventh Back-game
F IRST V ARIATION
Back-game
S ECOND V ARIATION
SALVIO S GAMBIT, forming a Continuation of the First Gambit
First Back-game
Supplement to the First Back-game
Second Back-game
Third Back-game
CUNNINGHAM S GAMBIT, forming a Continuation of First Gambit
First Back-game
Supplement to First Back-game
Second Back-game
SECOND GAMBIT
First Back-game
Second Back-game
Third Back-game
Fourth Back-game
THIRD GAMBIT, or G AMBIT R EFUSED
First Back-game
Second Back-game
Third Back-game
QUEEN S GAMBIT, or G AMBIT of A LEPPO
First Back-game
Second Back-game
Third Back-game
Fourth Back-game
Fifth Back-game
Sixth Back-game
ENDS OF PARTIES.
1. Check - mate with a castle and a bishop against a castle
First Back-game
Second Back-game
Third Back-game
2. Method of reducing the black to the situation given at the end of the preceding party
Back-game
3. Check-mate with a bishop and a knight
Back-game
4. Party won with a castle and a pawn against a bishop
Same party made a drawn game, if he who has the pawn play badly
5. A mate with a single castle
6. A game won with a queen against a castle and a pawn
First Back-game
Second Back-game
7. Check-mate with a queen against a castle and a pawn
8. A drawn game with a queen against a castle and a pawn
9. A drawn game with a castle and a pawn against a castle
Same party lost, if he who has only the castle play badly
10. A drawn game of a queen and a pawn against a queen
11. A game won with a queen against a pawn near making a queen
12. A drawn game, with a queen against a pawn near making a queen
13. Another drawn game with a queen against a pawn near making a queen
14. A drawn game with a single pawn
Back-game
15. A drawn game of a knight far off from his king against a pawn near making a queen
16. A drawn game, or a party won, with two pawns against one
First Back-game
Second Back-game
17. A drawn game with two separated pawns against two united pawns
O BSERVATIONS on the Ends of Parties
R ULES of C HESS

PHILIDOR S
ANALYSIS OF CHESS.

FIRST PARTY.

1. W. King s pawn two squares.
B. The same.
2. W. King s bishop to his queen s bishop s fourth square.
B. The same.
3. W. Queen s bishop s pawn one square.
B. King s knight to his bishop s third square.
4. W. Queen s pawn two squares.
This pawn is advanced two squares, for two important reasons: the first, to hinder your adversary s king s bishop battering your king s bishop s pawn; the second, to bring the strength of your pawns in the centre of the chess-board.
B. Pawn takes the pawn.
5. W. Pawn takes the pawn.
When you find your game in the present situation, viz. two pawns on a front line, you must take care not to push either of them, before your