257 pages

English

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"That the People Might Live" , livre ebook

Cornell University Press - Arnold Krupat

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257 pages

English

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The word "elegy" comes from the Ancient Greek elogos, meaning a mournful poem or song, in particular, a song of grief in response to loss. Because mourning and memorialization are so deeply embedded in the human condition, all human societies have developed means for lamenting the dead, and, in "That the People Might Live," Arnold Krupat surveys the traditions of Native American elegiac expression over several centuries. Krupat covers a variety of oral performances of loss and renewal, including the Condolence Rites of the Iroquois and the memorial ceremony of the Tlingit people known as koo'eex, examining as well a number of Ghost Dance songs, which have been reinterpreted in culturally specific ways by many different tribal nations. Krupat treats elegiac "farewell" speeches of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in considerable detail, and comments on retrospective autobiographies by Black Hawk and Black Elk. Among contemporary Native writers, he looks at elegiac work by Linda Hogan, N. Scott Momaday, Gerald Vizenor, Sherman Alexie, Maurice Kenny, and Ralph Salisbury, among others. Despite differences of language and culture, he finds that death and loss are consistently felt by Native peoples both personally and socially: someone who had contributed to the People's well-being was now gone. Native American elegiac expression offered mourners consolation so that they might overcome their grief and renew their will to sustain communal life.

Sujets

USA

Indigenous

Indigenous peoples

États-Unis

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Publié par	Cornell University Press
Date de parution	15 novembre 2012
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9780801465857
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	1 Mo

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“That the People Might Live”

Loss and Renewal in Native American Elegy

Arnold Krupat

Cornell University Press Ithaca and London

All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850.

First published 2012 by Cornell University Press Printed in the United States of America

Library of Congress CataloginginPublication Data

Krupat, Arnold. That the people might live : loss and renewal in Native American elegy / Arnold Krupat. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 9780801451386 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Indian literature—United States—History and criticism. 2. Folk literature, Indian—History and criticism. 3. American literature—In dian authors—History and criticism. 4. Elegiac poetry, American— Indian authors—History and criticism. 5. Indians of North America—Funeral customs and rites. 6. Loss (Psychology) in litera ture. 7. Death in literature. 8. Grief in literature. I. Title. PM157.K78 2012 810.9897—dc23 2012022193

Cornell University Press strives to use environmentally responsible suppliers and materials to the fullest extent possible in the publishing of its books. Such materials include vegetablebased, lowVOC inks and acidfree papers that are recycled, totally chlorinefree, or partly composed of nonwood ﬁbers. For further information, visit our website at www. cornellpress.cornell.edu.

Cloth printing

For Ralph Salisbury

List of Illustrations

Acknowledgments

Introduction

Contents

1. Oral Performances (i) The Iroquois Condolence Rites The Tlingitkoo.’eex’ Occasional Elegy Some Ghost Dance Songs as Elegy

2. Oral Performances (ii) “Logan’s Lament” Black Hawk’s “Surrender Speech” Chief Sealth’s Farewell Two Farewells by Cochise The Surrender of Chief Joseph

ix xi

1 19 19 29 38 44 60 60 69 73 87 95

v i i i C o n t e n t s

3. Authors and Writers Black Hawk’sLifeBlack Elk SpeaksWilliam Apess’sEulogy on King PhilipThe Elegiac Poetry of Jane Johnston Schoolcraft, John Rollin Ridge, and Others

4. Elegy in the “Native American Renaissance” and After Prose Elegy in Momaday, Hogan, and Vizenor Elegiac Poetry

Appendix: Best Texts of the Speeches Considered in Chapter 2 Notes Works Cited Index

108 108 116 122

125 134 134 152

171 183 213 233

Illustrations

1. Tlingits in ceremonial regalia for 1904 potlatch

2. Sitting Bull, Arapaho, 1885

3. Indian chiefs and U.S. ofﬁcials at Pine Ridge, January 16, 1891

4. Arapaho ghost dance, 1900

5. Big Foot’s camp after the Wounded Knee Massacre, 1891

6. Múkatahmishokáhkaik, Black Hawk, 1831