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Solar System , livre ebook

Nomad Press - Delano Lopez

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129 pages

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Look up! What do you see? The sun, moon, stars, other planets? You're checking out the solar system!The Solar System: Out of This World with Science Activities for Kids invites middle school kids on a journey of a lifetime to explore the comets, meteors, asteroids, sun, planets, and moons that make up the solar system. Kids learn about the history of space exploration and discovery, along with the tools of astronomy that have made it possible to study celestial objects even outside our own solar system. While space seems far away, and really, it is, The Solar System brings it closer to the classroom with fun facts and engaging language kids will find exciting!Space has been fascinating to humans since we first looked up, and that sense of wonder is still very much a part of a young astronomer's experience. As the tools of space exploration become more and more sophisticated, the farther reaches of outer space become accessible to everyone back on Earth. Photos from the rovers on Mars, images of Pluto from New Horizons spacecraft, communications from Comet 67P via the Philae comet probe all bring the solar system up close and personal for anyone with an internet connection.The Solar System includes hands-on STEM activities and critical thinking exercises related to astronomy and space exploration. Fun facts, links to online primary sources and other supplemental material, and essential questions encourage readers to take a deep dive toward the outer limits of our home! Nomad Press books integrate content with participation. Common Core State Standards, the Next Generation Science Standards, and STEM Education all place project-based learning as key building blocks in education. Combining content with inquiry-based projects stimulates learning and makes it active and alive. Nomad's unique approach simultaneously grounds kids in factual knowledge while allowing them the space to be curious, creative, and critical thinkers.

Informations

Publié par	Nomad Press
Date de parution	09 juin 2019
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9781619307964
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	82 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0650€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

Extrait

The Solar System

DELANO LOPEZILLUSTRATED BY JASON SLATER

The Solar System

DELANO LOPEZILLUSTRATED BY JASON SLATER

Other space science titles from Nomad Press

Check out more titles at www.nomadpress.net

Nomad Press A division of Nomad Communications 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Copyright © 2019 by Nomad Press. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in a review orfor limited educational use. The trademark “Nomad Press” and the Nomad Press logo are trademarks of Nomad Communications, Inc.

Educational Consultant, Marla Conn

Questions regarding the ordering of this book should be addressed to Nomad Press 2456 Christian St. White River Junction, VT 05001 www.nomadpress.net

Contents

Solar System Map. . . iv

Timeline. . . vi

Introduction Our Solar System . . . 1

Chapter 1 The Big Bang and the Birth of Stars . . . 9

Chapter 2 Meet the Planets . . . 21

Chapter 3 Earth’s Moon . . . 42

Chapter 4 Beyond Planets and Stars . . . 51

Chapter 5 From Ancient Astronomy to Telescopes . . . 66

Chapter 6 Sending Spacecraft to Space . . . 79

Chapter 7 Future Space Exploration . . . 100

Glossary|Metric ConversionsResources|Essential Questions|Index

Interested in Primary Sources? Look for this icon.Use a smartphone or tablet app to scan the QR code and explore more! Photos are also primary sources because a photograph takes a picture at the moment something happens.

You can ﬁnd a list of URLs on the Resources page. If the QR code doesn’t work, try searching the internet with the Keyword Prompts to ﬁnd other helpful sources. solar system

Moons: None

Gravity: 0.377 times Earth Gravity

Known Moons: About 67

Diameter: 88,846 Miles (142,984 Kilometers)

Gravity: 0.907 times Earth Gravity

Moons: None

MARS Discovery Date: Unknown

Mass: 317.8 Earths

Distance from Sun: 5.2 AU

Atmosphere: Traces of Hydrogen, Helium, Oxygen

Length of Day: 58.6 Earth Days

Length of Day: 9.9 Hours

MAPSOLFATRHESYSSOTLEAMRMSYASPTEM

Moons: None

Atmosphere: Nitrogen, Oxygen

EARTH Discovery Date: Unknown

Discovered by: Ancient Peoples

Length of Day: 24 Hours

Mass: 5,973,600,000,000,000,000,000,000Kilograms

MERCURY Discovery Date: Unknown

Mass: 0.00015 Earths

You are here.

Moons: 2

Length of Year: 243 Earth Days

v i

Length of Day: 224.7 Earth Days

Distance from Sun: 0.723 AU

Diameter: 7,521 Miles (12,104 Kilometers)

Mass: 0.815 Earths

Discovered by: Ancient Peoples

VENUS Discovery Date: Unknown

Length of Year: 88 Earth Days

Discovered by: Ancient Peoples

Length of Year: 11.9 Earth Years

Discovered by: Ancient Peoples

Mass: 0.107 Earths

Length of Year: 687 Earth Days

Distance from Sun: 1.52 AU

Moons: 1

CERES Discovery Date: 1801

Length of Year: 365 Earth Days

Atmosphere: Hydrogen, Helium

Gravity: 2.36 times Earth Gravity

Diameter: 4,220 Miles (6,792 Kilometers)

Atmosphere: Carbon Dioxide

Length of Day: 24.7 Hours

Atmosphere: Carbon Dioxide

Diameter: 326 Miles (525 Kilometers)

Atmosphere: Traces of Water Vapor

Gravity: 0.028 times Earth Gravity

Distance from Sun: 1 AU

Distance from Sun: 0.387 AU

Length of Year: 4.6 Earth Years

Discovered by: Giuseppe Piazzi

Length of Day: 5.3 Hours

Distance from Sun: 30.1 AU

JUPITER Discovery Date: Unknown

Gravity: 0.378 times Earth Gravity

Diameter: 7,926 Miles (12,756 Kilometers)

Gravity: 1: Earth Gravity

Mass: 0.050 Earths

Diameter: 3,032 Miles (4,879 Kilometers)

SATURN Discovery Date: Unknown

Discovered by: Ancient Peoples

Distance from Sun: 9.58 AU

Length of Year: 29.4 Earth Years

Length of Day: 10.7 Hours

Mass: 95.2 Earths

Diameter: 74,898 Miles (120,536 Kilometers)

Gravity: 0.916 times Earth Gravity

Atmosphere: Hydrogen, Helium

Known Moons: About 62

MAPSOLFATRHSEYSSOTLEAMRMSYASPTEM

NEPTUNE Discovery Date: 1846

Discovered by: Le Verrier, Adams, Galle

Distance from Sun: 30.1 AU

Length of Year: 163.7 Earth Years

Length of Day: 16.1 Hours

Mass: 17.1 Earths

Diameter: 30,775 Miles (49,528 Kilometers)

Gravity: 1.12 times Earth Gravity

Atmosphere: Hydrogen, Helium

Known Moons: About 14

URANUS Discovery Date: 1781

Discovered by: William Herschel

Distance from Sun: 19.2 AU

Length of Year: 83.7 Earth Years

Length of Day: 17.2 Hours

Mass: 14.5 Earths

Diameter: 31,763 Miles (51,118 Kilometers)

Gravity: 0.889 times Earth Gravity

Atmosphere: Hydrogen, Helium

Known Moons: About 27

KEY 1 astronomical unit (AU) = About 93 Million Miles (149,598,000 Kilometers)

PLUTO Discovery Date: 1930

Discovered by: Clyde Tombaugh

Distance from Sun: 29.7–49.3 AU

Length of Year: 249 Earth Years

Length of Day: 6.4 Earth Days

Mass: 0.0022 Earths

Diameter: 1,473 Miles (2,370 Kilometers)

Gravity: 0.063 Times Earth Gravity

Atmosphere: Nitrogen

Moons: 5

NOTE:Drawings of planets in this book are not to scale.

v i i

v i i i

TIMELINE

About 13.7 billion years ago. .reatisceduehTesrevin from the Big Bang. About 4.6 billion years ago . .The solar system forms.

150 BCE . . . .Ptolemy writes theAlmagest, describing the geocentric model of the solar system.

1609 CE . . . .Johannes Kepler publishes his observations in the book,New Astronomy, based in part on the observations of Tycho Brahe. Kepler argues that the planets travel around the sun in elliptical orbits.

1610 . . . . . .Galileo Galilei is the ﬁrst to use a telescope to observe the planets. He discovers the moons of Jupiter, the rings of Saturn, and the phases of Venus.

1781 . . . . . .William Herschel discovers the planet Uranus. 1801 . . . . . .Giuseppe Piazzi discovers the ﬁrst asteroid, Ceres, now considered a dwarf planet. 1846 . . . . . .The planet Neptune is discovered after both British and French teams of astronomers begin looking for a planet beyond Uranus.

1927 . . . . . .George Lemaitre develops his Big Bang theory that the universe began with an explosion at a single point. 1957 . . . . . .The Soviet Union launchesSputnik, the world’s ﬁrst artiﬁcial satellite, marking the start of the “Space Race.” 1958 . . . . . .The United States launches its ﬁrst satellite and forms the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). 1966 . . . . . .Venera 3becomes the ﬁrst unmanned craft to land on another planet, Venus. 1969 . . . . . .Apollo 11astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin land on the moon.

1971 . . . . . .TheMars 3lander is the ﬁrst unmanned craft to land on Mars.

TIMELINE

1977 . . . . . .TheVoyager 1spacecraft is launched to study the outer planets, passing Jupiter in 1979 and Saturn in 1980. 1986 . . . . . .Voyager 2, also launched in 1977, ﬂies close to Uranus and discovers 10 of its moons.

2006. . . . . .Pluto is reclassiﬁed as a dwarf planet.

2008. . . . . .ThePhoenix Marslander arrives safely on Mars and ﬁnds evidence of ice.

2009. . . . . .TheKeplerspacecraft begins its mission to search for planets outside of our solar system. As of 2017, it has discovered more than 4,000 exoplanets.

2010 . . . . . .SpaceX becomes the ﬁrst private company to launch a satellite into space.

2011 . . . . . .NASA launches a carsized robot called Curiosityto explore Mars. As of 2019, it is still exploring and sending images back to Earth.

2011 . . . . . .The space shuttleAtlantisis the last shuttle to be launched into space.

2012 . . . . . .SpaceX becomes the ﬁrst private company to resupply theInternational Space Station.

2014 . . . . . .TheRosettaspace probe becomes the ﬁrst spacecraft to enter a comet’s orbit, and thePhilaelander becomes the ﬁrst spacecraft to land on a comet.

2015 . . . . . .Dawnis the ﬁrst spacecraft to enter the orbit of a dwarf planet when it orbits Ceres.

2015 . . . . . .After nine years, theNew Horizonsspacecraft arrives at Pluto.

2016 . . . . . .After a ﬁveyear journey, theJunospacecraft arrives at Jupiter.

2018 . . . . . .TheOSIRISRExspacecraft arrives at the asteroid Bennu and is expected to bring a sample back to Earth in 2023.

i x

OUR SOLAR

SYSTEM

Have you ever stared up at te nigt sky? You likely saw a antastic ligt sow wit stars twinkling above and te moon sining like a spotligt. Maybe you wised tat you could stand on te moon. Or peraps you tougt ow amazing it would be to visit anoterplanet.

Introduction

Oursolar systemîs made up o panets, moons, and many oter types o space objects. ï tey’re so ar away, ow do we earn about tem? ïn ancîent tîmes, peope made up storîes to expaîn ow te stars, moon, and sun moved în te sky. he ancîent Egyptîans tod myts about Re, te sun god. He saîed across te sky eac mornîng brîngîng îgt to te word. he Japanese saw te sun as te goddess Amaterasu Omîkamî. he Norse beîeved tat te sun and NTIAL QUESTION moon rode în carîots troug te sky. is the solar system and

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