71 + 10 New Science Projects , livre ebook

V & S Publishers - Garg C. L.

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109 pages

English

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Do you have a project-assignment fron your physics teacher and do not know where to begin? Or, you have to participate in a Science Fair,and you wish to surprise everyone with a revolutionary chemistry model? Or, you simply wish to experiment with new concepts of physics,electronics,biology and chemistry? This revised book and the free CD contains 71+10 new projects on Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Electronics. The purpose of the book and CD is to ensure simple explanations of these 81 Science Projects done by Secondary and Senior Secondary students. This book will be a useful guide in the preparation of project work for students participating in science exhibitions. At the end, the book features many additional projects to work upon. Highlights: *Making an automatic Electric Alarm. *Making a Railway Signal. *Making an Astronomical Telescope. *Producing electricity from potatoes. *Making the Morse Code.

Informations

Publié par	V & S Publishers
Date de parution	01 avril 2012
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9789381384053
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	1 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0500€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

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F-2/16, Ansari road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 23240026, 23240027 • Fax: 011-23240028 Email: info@vspublishers.com
Branch : Hyderabad
5-1-707/1, Brij Bhawan (Beside Central Bank of India Lane) Bank Street, Koti Hyderabad - 500 095 040-24737290 E-mail: vspublishershyd@gmail.com

© Copyright: Author
ISBN 9789381384053
Edition: April 2011
The Copyright of this book, as well as all matter contained herein (including illustrations) rests with the Publishers. No person shall copy the name of the book, its title design, matter and illustrations in any form and in any language, totally or partially or in any distorted form. Anybody doing so shall face legal action and will be responsible for damages.
Preface
Scientific projects and models are an integral part of science education today. To harness the skills of students, models and projects play a vital role and carry much weight in their overall performance, particularly in the 9 th , 10 th , 11 th and 12 th standards. Preparing working models has rightly been made compulsory in schools for all major branches of science: Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Botany and Electronics. Working on these models helps students better grasp the basic principles of science involved in the functioning of each model.
Considering these facts, we have painstakingly compiled a series of ideas for preparing models/projects that could be adapted to suit each student’s syllabus. These projects were successfully tested beforehand. Besides, all components used are Indian and easily available in the market.
But in today’s highly competitive times, a book is simply not enough. Therefore, for the first time, Pustak Mahal presents a Rapidex self-learning kit comprising the book 71 +10 New Science Projects and an audio-visual CD. In an easy-to-use format, the kit has been conceived and designed to meet students’ and other users’ aspirations. The graphically animated objects and methods facilitate quick learning.
In addition to meeting the needs of students, this Rapidex self-learning kit is an ideal choice for hobbyists and parents seeking to inculcate a scientific temperament in their children. The projects dealt in this Rapidex self-learning kit are unique but easy to handle.
Furthermore, the scientific explanations in these projects make understanding easier and increase IQ. The 10 new projects in the 15 th edition make the book all the more informative and interesting.
My sincere gratitude to all the books that were source material and to my son Rajeev Garg for his help in preparing the manuscript. This revolutionary Rapidex self-learning kit will serve as an indispensable tool for students, hobbyists and other amateur scientists.
— Dr C.L. Garg
Preface to the 14 th Edition
The book entitled 71 Science Projects’ has been revised by replacing an old project and adding 10 new electronics projects. These electronics projects will be quite useful for 10 + 2 science students. Now the book has been renamed as 71 +10 New Science Projects’.
Projects
1. Making and controlling a diver
2. Making an abacus
3. Using your abacus for calculations
4. Making a stroboscope
5. Making a weather-indicating flower
6. Demonstrating how clouds are formed
7. Making a siphon fountain
8. Making a model of an elevator
9. Determining the surface tension of water
10. Making a spinning snowman
11. Making a hovercraft
12. Making a clinometer
13. Making an automatic rain-gauge with time indicator
14. Making an anemometer
15. Making an air thermometer
16. Making a wave machine
17. Making a kaleidoscope
18. Making a periscope
19. Making a slide projector
20. Making an astronomical telescope
21. Making a Galilean telescope
22. Making a Newtonian reflecting telescope
23. Making an interferometer
24. Making a strain viewer
25. Making a polarimeter
26. Making a direct vision spectroscope
27. Producing electricity from potatoes
28. Making a dry cell
29. Converting solar energy into electrical
30. Making traffic lights
31. Making an electromagnet
32. Making a magnetic crane
33. Demonstrating electromagnetic induction
34. Demonstrating spectacular levitation
35. Making an electric motor
36. Making an electric buzzer
37. Making a galvanometer
38. Detecting current using the galvanometer
39. Making an electric board of birds’questions
40. Making an electric quiz board
41. Making a railway signal
42. Making a thermoelectric generator
43. Making a chimney for controlling smoke pollution
44. Making an automatic letter alarm
45. Making a Morse code for sending messages
46. Making a fire alarm
47. Switching on a table lamp by a match stick
48. Making an electronic burglar alarm
49. Making a touch alarm
50. Making an electronic timer
51. Making a portable metal detector
52. Making a telephone recording interface
53. Making a light sensitive LDR alarm
54. Making an automatic twilight switch
55. Making a radio set (using a semiconductor)
56. Making a radio set (using a variable capacitor)
57. Making iodoform
58. Detecting adulteration in ghee
59. Extracting fat from oilseeds
60. Finding the composition of water by electrolysis
61. Electroplating a brass key with copper
62. Making a fire extinguisher
63. Making a model active volcano
64. An alternative model of a volcano
65. Demonstrating the destructive distillation of wood
66. Making a chemical photoelectric cell
67. Making a chemical garden
68. Growing crystals of copper sulphate
69. Growing plants without soil
70. Demonstrating the feeding of yeast on sugar
71. Demonstrating the phenomenon of photosynthesis
72. Making an automatic cut off timer
73. Making a direction indicator arrow
74. Making a lie detector based on the changes of skin resistance
75. Making an IC based fire alarm
76. Making a multitone bell
77. Making a water-level indicating alarm
78. Making a power failure indicator
79. Making dancing or disco lights
80. Making a battery operated tube light
81. Making a two transistor radio
Important symbols used in electronic circuits
Additional projects you can try
1. Making and controlling a diver
A diver is a person who explores the underwater world by diving. Divers explore the oceans, lakes and rivers by taking deep dives under the water. They make use of diving suits, breathing tubes, etc. Divers do many important jobs such as studying plant and animal life at the bed of the sea extracting minerals, or even saving people from drowning.
You Require
A glass bottle with a wide mouth
A tight-fitting cork
Aflat piece of plastic
A plastic tube
Adhesive
Thin wire
Scissors
Modelling clay (plasticin)
What To Do
Take an empty glass bottle with a tight-fitting cork. If the cork is dry and rigid, leave it in the water until it becomes flexible, so that it can be pushed down into the mouth of the bottle.
Take a flat plastic sheet and draw the outline of the diver, as shown in the figure. The sheet should be thin enough to fit into the glass bottle. Use scissors to cut the diver to shape.
Take a small piece of the plastic tube from an old ball-point pen. Seal one of its ends with modelling clay or plasticin. The other end should remain open. Glue this tube to the diver with the adhesive (Quickfix) as shown in the diagram. The air in the tube will make the diver float.
Wind some wire around the diver’s feet. The weight of this wire will make it stay upright in the water. Use enough wire to make the diver sink. Then remove a few turns of the wire so that the diver just floats at the bottom.
Put the diver in the glass bottle and fill the bottle with water.
Push the cork into the bottle. This increases the pressure in the water and some water finds its way into the plastic tube. Consequently, the diver sinks.
Pull the cork a little out of the mouth to make the diver rise. With a careful adjustment of the cork, the diver can be made to stop at any depth you want.
By the pressure command of your finger, this model diver will move up or down in the water. You can even make the diver hover at any depth.

Did you know…
In real life, divers have to be extremely careful about the speed at which they come back to the surface to avoid what is called “the bends or caisson disease”. If a diver surfaces too quickly, the reduced water pressure causes nitrogen bubbles to form in his blood-stream. This results in horrible pain, paralysis and sometimes death. By coming to the surface slowly, divers avoid this condition.
2. Making an abacus
The abacus is a device once widely used for counting. An abacus has beads that are moved left and right on strings that are tied in a frame. The beads on the bottom string represent the value of units. Those on the second string have the value of tens. The beads on the third string represent hundreds and so on. Cane can master the abacus by different movements of the beads on the strings. Once the abacus is mastered, a person can add, subtract; multiply and divide quickly by moving, the beads on the strings.
Your Require
Picture frame
String
Thumb tacks or drawing pins
Beads or buttons
What To Do
Take a picture frame measuring 30 cm long and 22 cm wide.
Cut 5 pieces of string long enough to cross the picture frame with an extra 7’.5 cm on each end for making knots.
Fix 5’ evenly spaced drawing pins along each side of the frame.
Slide 7 beads or buttons on each string.
Tie the end of one string to the first pin at either side of the frame. Continue tying the strings until you have tied all’ the five across the frame.
On all strings, move 5 beads to the left side of the frame and 2 beads to the right side.
Now take an additional piece of string more than twice the width of the frame to make the dividing string of the abacus. Tie this piece around the frame at the top about halfway across, as shown in the figure.
With the dividin