Types of Words , livre ebook

Capstone Global Library - Rebecca Vickers

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58 pages

English

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This handy, engaging, and gently humorous guide tackles the important subject of word types. It looks at a variety of topics, such as parts of speech, tense, person, and agreement, and shows how understanding types of words allows the writers and speakers to give power to their communication.

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Lettres et linguistique

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Publié par	Capstone Global Library
Date de parution	20 juin 2013
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9781406268980
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	6 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0347€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

Extrait

Find your way with words Typesof RebWecca Vickeorsrds

Raintree is an imprint of Capstone Global Library Limited, a company incorporated in England and Wales having its registered office at 7 Pilgrim Street, London, EC4V 6LB – Registered company number: 6695582

Text © Capstone Global Library Limited 2013 First published in hardback in 2013 The moral rights of the proprietor have been asserted.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including photocopying or storing it in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright owner, except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS (www.cla. co.uk). Applications for the copyright owner’s written permission should be addressed to the publisher.

Edited by Andrew Farrow, Laura Hensley, Vaarunika Dharmapala, Helen Cox Cannons Designed by Philippa Jenkins Original illustrations © Capstone Global Library Ltd Illustrated by Capstone Global Library Ltd Picture research by Tracy Cummins Production by Sophia Argyris Printed in China by Leo Paper Products Ltd

ISBN 978 1 406 26164 6 17 16 15 14 13 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Vickers, Rebecca. Types of words.  (Find your way with words) 1. English languageParts of speechJuvenile literature. 2. English languageGrammar Juvenile literature. I. Title II. Series 425.5dc23

AcknowledgementsAlamy p. 44 right (© GL Archive); Getty Images pp. 5 (Robert Abbott Sengstacke/Contributor), 13 (Diana Hirsch), 15 (Dorling Kindersley), 23 (Buyenlarge/Contributor), 27 (W. & D. Downey), 45 (KeystoneFrance/GammaKeystone); Library of Congress Prints and Photographs pp. 37, 44 left; Picture Desk p. 10 (NEW LINE / SAUL ZAENTZ / WING NUT / THE KOBAL COLLECTION), Punchstock p. 33 (Brand X Photos); Shutterstock pp. 4 (© Darko Zeljkovic), 7 (© Monkey Business Images), 8 (© meunierd), 9 (© Photobac), 16 (© wrangler), 19 (© Yuri Arcurs), 20 (© shock), 21 (© Mayskyphoto), 25 (© TonyV3112), 29 (© Stefan Schurr), 31 (© SF photo), 34 (© Keith Gentry), 35 (© Mircea BEZERGHEANU), 36 (© bikeriderlondon), 38 (© Alan Mardi), 39 (© Anastasiia Markus), 40 (© Vitalii Nesterchuk), 42 (© HitToon.Com), 43 (© Vertes Edmond Mihai), 47 phone (© bloomua), 47 swimmer (© Schmid Christophe).

We would like to thank Joanna John for her invaluable help in the preparation of this book.

Every effort has been made to contact copyright holders of material reproduced in this book. Any omissions will be rectified in subsequent printings if notice is given to the publishers.

Disclaimer All the Internet addresses (URLs) given in this book were valid at the time of going to press. However, due to the dynamic nature of the Internet, some addresses may have changed, or sites may have changed or ceased to exist since publication. While the author and publisher regret any inconvenience this may cause readers, no responsibility for any such changes can be accepted by either the author or the publisher.

Contents

Let’s be clear4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Understanding word types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 The noun: a person, place,or thing . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Pronoun: instead of a noun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Adjective: giving more meaning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Verb: action or a state of being . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Adverb: more information about a verb . . . . . . . . 34 Prepositions: relating words to each other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Determiner: limiting a noun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Conjunction: making a connection . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Interjection: the Wow! factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Using the parts of speech . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Using a dictionary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Pronouns chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Some common irregular verbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Common prepositions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Find out more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Let's be clear

Language is all about communication. How you speak, talk, or write to different people in different situations will depend on how you use language. Whether you write a political speech, school essay, or tweet, or make a phone call, communicating clearly and using the best words in the right order is the key to being understood.

Grammar is the structure of a language English, like all languages, has a special structure, with rules that determine its shape. This is called grammar. The rules of English grammar have developed over hundreds of years, and continue to change. In the same way that computer code formats the way a computer works and gives it the ability to function, grammar gives a meaningful shape to groups of words. This formatting of words into a recognized and accepted order is called syntax.

Why does it matter? Here are a few reasons why it makes sense to learn the rules and structure of grammar: • Clarity – When you learn to speak and write effectively, your words are more easily understood. You can always say or write exactly what you mean without risk of confusion. This is particularly important when you are giving instructions or reporting a real event. • Language and thought – Thinking clearly and writing clearly are linked. If your arguments are not clearly worked out, this often shows up in your grammar. In the worlds of education and work, being interesting, precise, and clear can make everything go right for you. • Mental representation – The way our brains store language reflects grammatical structures. Even if you think you don’t know anything about grammar, your mind still retains language in this way. If your language does not reflect this, you will find it hard to be understood by others.

Even tweets sent via mobile phones or computers have to follow rules – a tweet can only ; be 140 characters long.

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