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Essays exploring the effect of time on translation studies This volume brings together ten essays on the relation between temporality and translation, engaging in both theoretical reflection and consideration of concrete case studies. The essays can be read independently, but three major themes run through them and facilitate a discussion about the many ways in which the theoretical and practical consideration of temporality may provide new insights and research directions for translation studies.The first main theme is temporal metaphors for translation. Why do so few metaphors that describe translation relate to time? How have the few metaphors relating to time that have been used impacted the development of the field? What new metaphors might be useful?The second theme is the relation between translation and modernity as a new experience of temporality. In China, as in many countries outside Europe, the passage to modernity has been inextricably bound up in the act of translation, either of European texts into Chinese as a way of "importing" modernity or the translation of Chinese texts into European languages as a gauge of quality and a sign that China has become modern.Third is the translation of temporality and the competing temporalities of source and target texts. How are the nuances of temporality translated, and how do any shifts that occur affect the meaning of the translation? Different cultures have different concepts of time; Nida famously gave the example of a South American language where the past is seen as existing in front of a person while the future is behind them, because they know ("see") the past but cannot know the future. Several essays engage with these and related issues.

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Lettres et linguistique

Migration

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Publié par	The Kent State University Press
Date de parution	10 novembre 2020
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9781631014277
Langue	English

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,3250€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

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Translation and Time
TRANSLATION STUDIES
B RIAN J. B AER , E DITOR
Albrecht Neubert, Gert Jäger, and Gregory M. Shreve, Founding Editors
  1 Translation as Text Albrecht Neubert and Gregory M. Shreve
  2 Pathways to Translation: Pedagogy and Process Donald C. Kiraly
  3 What Is Translation?: Centrifugal Theories, Critical Interventions Douglas Robinson
  4 Repairing Texts: Empirical Investigations of Machine Translation Post- Editing Processes Hans P. Krings, Edited by Geoffrey S. Koby
  5 Translating Slavery, Volume I: Gender and Race in French Abolitionist Writing, 1780–1830 Edited by Doris Y. Kadish and Françoise Massardier-Kenney
  6 Toward a Translation Criticism: John Donne Antoine Berman, Translated and edited by Françoise Massardier-Kenney
  7 Translating Slavery, Volume II: Ourika and Its Progeny Edited by Doris Y. Kadish and Françoise Massardier-Kenney
  8 Literature in Translation: Teaching Issues and Reading Preactices Edited by Carol Maier and Françoise Massardier-Kenney
  9 Translators Writing, Writing Translators Edited by Françoise Massardier-Kenney, Brian James Baer, and Maria Tymoczko
10 Translation in African Contexts: Postcolonial Texts, Queer Sexuality, and Cosmopolitan Fluency Evan Maina Mwangi
11 Translation and Time: Migration, Culture, and Identity Edited by James St. André
Translation and Time
Migration, Culture, and Identity
Edited by James St. André
The editor gratefully acknowledges the generous support of the Faculty of Arts Publication Fund, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, in covering part of the publication costs.
© 2020 by The Kent State University Press, Kent, Ohio 44242 All rights reserved
ISBN 978-1-60635-408-7 Manufactured in the United States of America
No part of this book may be used or reproduced, in any manner whatsoever, without written permission from the Publisher, except in the case of short quotations in critical reviews or articles.
Cataloging information for this title is available at the Library of Congress.
24  23  22  21  20 5  4  3  2  1
Contents
Acknowledgments
Introduction: Translation and Time . James St. André
  1 (Re)Translating Space into Time: Temporal Metaphors in Translation Studies . Rainer Guldin
  2 Translation, Passing, and the Passing of Time . James St. André
  3 Exploring the Origin of the Chinese Language: Zhang Binglin’s Translation of Herbert Spencer’s Evolutionary Theory of Language . Ruoze Huang
  4 “No Beginning, No End, and Is the Beginning and Root of Ten Thousand Things”: The Jesuit Translation of Christian Temporal Concepts into Chinese . I-Hsin Chen
  5 Telling Chinese History: Time and Chronicles in the Jesuits’ Translations . Sophie Ling-chia Wei
  6 Time and Otherness: Paratexts of Modern and Contemporary Chinese and Japanese Literature in Spain . Maialen Marin-Lacarta
  7 Translating the Time of Neoliberal Precarity: Some Notes on Italian Queer Transfeminist Scenarios . Michela Baldo
  8 Translating Trauma: Time Journey in a Memorial Museum . Min-Hsiu Liao
  9 Literary Syntax and Translational Temporality in the English Translations of Leo Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina . Michelle Woods
10 “Had We but World Enough, and Time”: Spatiotemporal Specificity in English Translations of Chinese Ci Poetry . Leonora Min Zhou
Contributors
Index
Acknowledgments
This project was first conceived over drinks at the conference “Queering Translation, Translating the Queer,” co-organized by Brian Baer and Klaus Kaindl. My heartfelt thanks to both men, and all the other participants of that conference, for stimulating discussion on a wide range of queer issues in translation studies, including the fact that the temporal aspects of translation had hitherto been sadly neglected, and it was high time that someone did something about it.
Thanks are also due to several individuals at my home institution, the Chinese University of Hong Kong. Lawrence Wong gave his enthusiastic support and persuaded the other members of the Department of Translation to support the organization of a conference on the theme of time and translation. Leung Yuen-sang, former dean of the Faculty of Arts, generously provided partial financial support for the conference. Max Tang, current dean of the Faculty of Arts, provided continued support with some of the publication costs. Finally, the members of the scientific committee for the conference on translation and time provided invaluable help in the initial round of selecting essays for inclusion in this volume. They are, in alphabetical order: Brian Baer, Mona Baker, Serena Bassi, Sandra Bermann, Rainer Guldin, Olivia Kwong, and Lawrence Wong.
INTRODUCTION
Translation and Time
James St. André
Largely overshadowed by the metaphor of space, the temporal aspects of translation remain surprisingly understudied. There has been discussion of time limits as a constraining factor in the specialized areas of interpreting (Gumul and Lyda 2007), dubbing (Carter et al. 2010), and subtitling (Díaz Cintas and Remael 2007). Yet those constraints are (under)theorized as purely technical, part of the physical limitations of the natural world. Pedersen (2011, 18) provides a good example of how temporal aspects of audiovisual translation are not considered to be of any theoretical interest, since “the constraints of subtitling are so marked and so common as to seem constitutive,” while Gile’s (2009, 158–68) effort model of interpreting sees time constraints as operating on all three of the core efforts (listening and comprehension, short-term memory, and speech production), but not worthy of further elaboration. In all of the literature in these interrelated subfields of translation studies, time is understood to be a constraint; yet no one asks why, or looks at any other aspects of temporality in translation. 1
In translation history, time obviously plays an important role (history is what happens over time), yet here again temporality has been undertheorized. Rundle (2018), one of the few recent exceptions, maps out different historical temporalities of translation history and tries to come to grips with issues like periodization, synchrony versus diachrony, and presentism. Yet in his survey of temporality in translation history, he finds very little evidence that the discussions around different temporalities that have roiled the field of history since at least the founding of the Annales group in 1929 have had much impact on translation history. Thus, although translation history shares many concerns with social history, social history’s identification of the longue durée as a key feature of social history is largely missing from translation history; he cites only one example. Likewise, the entry for “Microhistory” in the same volume (Wakabayashi 2018) explicitly notes that to date there is no true microhistory in translation studies, only case studies and local history. This lack of theorization of temporality in translation history is, for me, a sign that two types of temporality dominate in translation history. First, there is a cyclical view, typically seeing translation history as a constant swinging back and forth between literal and free translation; Steiner’s (1992, 251) comment that all of translation criticism before the twentieth century could be dismissed simply because it swings back and forth between these two poles is indicative of this attitude. Second, there is a strong strain of presentism, the evaluation of the past in terms of its relevance to the present. This, as Rundle notes, can be further subdivided into Whig history, a linear, teleological view that posits progress leading up to the (glorious) present; and a committed or activist history that seeks to use examples from the past to challenge and transform current (reprehensible) practices (Rundle 2018, 242–43).
Another area where temporality is sometimes mentioned is retranslation, involving as it does two or more translations of the same text at different times. Van Poucke (2017, 92) notes that “one of the concepts that is regularly referred to in studies on retranslation, but not extensively investigated, is the (alleged) aging of (literary) translations.” His survey of over sixty articles finds few concrete discussions of what is meant by aging, which turns out to be mainly related to “outdated aesthetic criteria and changing readers’ expectations” (2017, 107).
There have been some isolated references to theoretical questions relating to time and translation in various works (Cronin 2003; Baker 2006; Bassnett 2013), as well as one fine article on temporal issues in the contemporary translation of Antigones (Hjorth 2014). However, there has been no sustained engagement with the issue, let alone an attempt to do what Paul Ricoeur has done for narrative theory in his exhaustive Temps et récit (1983; translated as Time and Narrative , 1990).
The aim of this edited volume, then, is to initiate a discussion about some of the many ways in which the theoretical and practical consideration of temporality may provide new insights and research directions for translation studies. As the first of its kind, this volume engages with a rather wide variety of topics, which we have grouped under three themes.
The first main theme is temporal metaphors for translation. Why are so few metaphors for translation temporal? How have the few metaphors relating to time that have been used to describe translation impacted upon the development of the field? What new metaphors might be useful? The first two chapters (Guldin and St. André) address these issues explicitly, while some of the other chapters, for example, Baldo, use metaphors in their exploration of related topics. The two chapters by Guldin and St. André are also the most theoretical, laying out some of the main issues taken up by other chapters later in the collection.
Rainer Guldin focuses on different ways in which temporal metaphors can be used to re