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Chalice Press - Nancy deClaisse-Walford

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194 pages

English

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In an easy-to-use workbook format, students learn tools for understanding the structure of Hebrew phonology and morphology, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, and syntax, and gain a reading knowledge of the Hebrew Bible that will last beyond seminary. Spiral Bound. REVISED EDITION

Sujets

Hebrew

Lettres et linguistique

Hebrew language

Hébreu

Informations

Publié par	Chalice Press
Date de parution	01 décembre 2002
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9780827202443
Langue	English

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,1850€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

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© Copyright 2002 by Nancy L. deClaissé-Walford
All rights reserved. For permission to reuse content, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, www.copyright.com .
Scripture quotations, unless otherwise noted, are the author’s translation.
Cover design: Lynne Condellone Interior design: Beth Sharpe Art direction: Elizabeth Wright
Visit Chalice Press on the World Wide Web at www.chalicepress.com
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3      07 0809 10 11 12
Library of Congress Cataloging—in Publication Data
deClaissé-Walford, Nancy L., 1954-    Biblical Hebrew: an introductory textbook / Nancy L. deClaissé-Walford.           p. cm.    ISBN 10: 0-827202-31-8    ISBN 13: 978-0-827202-31-3    1. Hebrew language—Grammar. 2. Bible. O.T. Pentateuch—Language, style. I. Title.    PJ4567.3.D43 2002    492.4 ’ 82421—dc21              2001006457
Printed in the United States of America
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter One
Alphabet
Vowels
Exercises
Chapter Two
Sheva
Dagesh
Accents
Syllables
Exercises
Chapter Three
The Definite Article
Prepositions
Prepositions and the Definite Article
The Conjunction
Exercises
Chapter Four
Nouns: Absolute and Construct Forms
Common Hebrew Nouns
Exercises
Chapter Five
Adjectives
Pronouns: Personal, Relative, Demonstrative
Exercises
Chapter Six
Pronoun Suffixes on Nouns
Pronouns Suffixes on Prepositions
The Metheg
Finding Words in the Dictionary
The Maqqef
Exercises
Chapter Seven
Numbers: Cardinals
Numbers: Ordinals
Patah Furtive
Exercises
Chapter Eight
Verb Root
Verb Aspect
Verb Person, Gender, and Number
Exercises
Chapter Nine
Verb Stem
Identifying Verbal Stems
Perfect Aspect
Imperfect Aspect
Exercises
Chapter Ten
Translating the Perfect and Imperfect Aspects
Word Order in Hebrew Sentences
Sign of the Definite Direct Object
Exercises
Additional Exercise
Chapter Eleven
Participles
How to Locate Participles
How to Translate Participles
The Verb Location Chart
Exercises
Chapter Twelve
Imperatives
How to Locate Imperatives
The Suffix
The Particle
Sign of the Definite Direct Object with Pronoun Suffixes
Exercises
Chapter Thirteen
Infinitives
The Infinitive Construct
The Infinitive Absolute
The Hebrew “Nots”
Exercises
Chapter Fourteen
Pronoun Suffixes Added to Verbs
Interrogative and of Direction
Exercises 141
Chapter Fifteen
Introduction to Weak Verbs
The Verb
The Verb
The Particles and
Exercises
Chapter Sixteen
Verb Roots Beginning with Gutturals
Verb Roots Ending in
Exercises
Chapter Seventeen
Verb Roots Beginning with
Hollow Verbs
Exercises
Chapter Eighteen
Verb Roots Beginning with
Double Consonant Verbs
Unusual but Common Verb Forms
Exercises
Chapter Nineteen
Jonah 1:1–9
Chapter Twenty
Jonah 1:10–16
Appendix One: Useful Charts
Appendix Two: Vocabulary
Appendix Three: Index
Preface
During the past twelve years, I have taught “Introduction to Biblical Hebrew” in three theological seminaries, and I spent three years as the teaching assistant to a professor who taught the course to undergraduate students. The common cry of students in these courses has been, “Just get me through this!” And the usual comment of students who studied Hebrew some years ago is, “Hebrew. That’s the one written backwards, isn’t it?”
And so I decided to develop a system for studying biblical Hebrew that would encourage rather than discourage beginning students and enable graduated students to continue to use and enjoy (okay, I’m optimistic!!) Hebrew in their careers. Biblical Hebrew: An Introductory Textbook presents the basics of biblical Hebrew in a non-grammarian’s user-friendly format. The format is “workbook” rather than “grammar.” The print is large, with lots of space for students to make their own notes and marks. The Vocabulary List in each chapter is related directly to the assignment for the chapter. And the exercises are translation oriented, cumulative, and straightforward.
In this revised edition the book now has a Subject Index. Also, the Key to the Exercises has been removed from the book and will be available online at www.chalicepress.com . Also available online will be additional exercises for each chapter in the form of guided reading through the text of the Hebrew Bible.
Biblical Hebrew is not designed as a be-all and end-all grammar. Gesenius and Joüon fill that position admirably. Biblical Hebrew is a textbook. It presents the essentials, the basics of biblical Hebrew. It concentrates on the norms rather than the exceptions. And it emphasizes tool-building and tool-use rather than memorization, because the pastors/teachers we produce will study the Hebrew text in their career settings with tools, not from memory. We must move away from approaching the learning of biblical Hebrew as we do the learning of modern French, German, or Spanish. The desired outcomes are vastly different.
At the end of an introductory course using Biblical Hebrew , students should have the basic tools necessary to deal with most of the intricacies of the biblical text. They will understand the basic structure of Hebrew phonology and morphology; Hebrew nouns, pronouns, and adjectives; Hebrew verbs; and Hebrew syntax. For the very complicated constructions, lexicons, analytical lexicons, and commentaries can guide students through the mire. The goal of my work is to produce students who are able to and who will continue to consult and examine the Hebrew text in their preaching, teaching, and studying of the Hebrew Bible. Their (shalom) will be my reward.
Nancy L. deClaissé-Walford Atlanta, Georgia
Acknowledgments
My thanks go out to many, many students in classes at George W. Truett Seminary at Baylor University, at the McAfee School of Theology at Mercer University in Atlanta, Georgia, and at Columbia Theological Seminary in Decatur, Georgia, who put up with sometimes rough and always photocopied pages of material rather than a nicely finished textbook. They were gracious and immeasurably helpful in proofreading and critiquing. Thanks also goes to my friends and colleagues, W. H. Bellinger, Jr., at Baylor University, Walter Crouch at Carson-Newman University, and Dwayne Howard at Campbell University, who tested the book in their Introduction to Hebrew courses and gave me valuable feedback on it. I extend a special word of thanks to my student assistants Dina Helderman and Jessica Brown, who spent innumerable hours typing, formatting, and proofreading draft after draft of the book.
Jon Berquist at Chalice Press expressed an interest in the work some years ago and deserves a lion’s share of the praise for the quality of the publication. He told me time after time, “If it comes down to quality versus speed, we will go for quality every time.” Thank you, Jon, for not allowing me to rush the project along. To Alan Culpepper and my colleagues at the McAfee School of Theology, I say thank you for listening to all my stories and woes as the book wended its way through the publication process. To Frederic Bush and Paul Gaebelein of Fuller Theological Seminary I owe a debt of gratitude that can never be expressed fully. They instilled in me a love for the Hebrew language that has remained strong through many years of study. And to my family—my husband, Steve, and my children, Calvin and Aaron—as they put up with endless hours of “mom working on her book again,” I can only say, “I love you!!”
Shalom to all of you, and my thanks and gratitude.
Nancy L. deClaissé-Walford     August, 2002
With the second printing of Biblical Hebrew: An Introductory Textbook comes another list of those who have helped with the process. Again, innumerable classes of Introduction to Hebrew have helped to find errors in the original printing and have made suggestions for additions and updates. Again, my student assistants, Michael Strickland in particular, have spent many hours helping with corrections and changes to the book.
Finally, once again, the folks at Chalice Press have been a delight to work with. Thanks go to the many hands who have worked hard to produce this book.
Nancy L. deClaissé-Walford     September, 2005
Chapter One Consonants and Vowels
Hebrew is a member of the Semitic family of languages. Cognate languages include Akkadian, Arabic, Aramaic, Syriac, Ethiopic, Phoenician, Ugaritic, and others.
Biblical Hebrew is the name given to the Hebrew of the Jewish Scriptures (the Tanakh), the Christian Old Testament. All of the Old Testament, except for 268 Aramaic verses—Jeremiah 10:11, Daniel 2:4–7:28, Ezra 4:8–6:18, and Ezra 7:12–26—was written in biblical Hebrew. Biblical Hebrew was written from right to left on the page and consisted only of consonants. In the Middle Ages, Masoretic scribes added vowels, accents, and other notations to the text in order to preserve the traditional, rabbinic pronunciation of the text for a Jewish population increasingly removed from its Hebrew homeland and roots.
In this book, we will study biblical Hebrew with the Masoretic vowels, accents, and notations. The manuscript of the Bible to which we will refer and that we will use is the Leningrad Codex, a Masoretic manuscript in the ben Asher tradition that dates to the eleventh century C.E. and is the foundational text of Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia . 1

The Alphabet of the Hebrew Language

The Alphabet
The Hebrew alphabet consists of twenty-three consonants.
Five of the consonants are shaped differently when they appear at the end of a word
Note: is always written with a vowel (see p. 5). The vowel is usually sheva , but qamets often occur
Six of the letters called the begad kepat letters—had, at one point in the transmission of biblical Hebrew, two pronunciations:
A hardened (or stopped) pronunciation was indicated by a dagesh (a dot) in the letter.

A softened (or spi