Summary of Rana Mitter's Forgotten Ally , livre ebook

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60 pages

English

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Please note: This is a companion version & not the original book.
Sample Book Insights:
#1 The Clash between China and Japan did not begin in 1937. It had been brewing for decades. The story of the first half of China’s twentieth century is the story of its love-hate relationship with its smaller island neighbor.
#2 The Chinese influence was at its peak during this period. The dynasty was established by ethnic Manchus who rode into the Chinese heartland from the lands of the northeast. Even though the Manchus had conquered China’s territory, they still respected China’s powerful social norms.
#3 China’s success in the eighteenth century was largely due to their small, efficient bureaucracy. But when a new threat appeared in the early nineteenth century in the form of imperialism from the West, China was forced to sign unequal treaties that gave away their sovereignty.
#4 The Treaty of Nanjing, which was signed in 1842, allowed trading rights to be granted to the trading city of Shanghai. The Qing dynasty had to rethink its entire strategy of dealing with the Western world.

Sujets

Histoire

History

Asia

China

Informations

Publié par	Everest Media LLC
Date de parution	12 mai 2022
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9798822506497
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	1 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0150€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

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Insights on Rana Mitter's Forgotten Ally
Contents Insights from Chapter 1 Insights from Chapter 2 Insights from Chapter 3 Insights from Chapter 4 Insights from Chapter 5 Insights from Chapter 6 Insights from Chapter 7 Insights from Chapter 8 Insights from Chapter 9 Insights from Chapter 10 Insights from Chapter 11 Insights from Chapter 12 Insights from Chapter 13 Insights from Chapter 14 Insights from Chapter 15 Insights from Chapter 16 Insights from Chapter 17 Insights from Chapter 18 Insights from Chapter 19 Insights from Chapter 20 Insights from Chapter 21
Insights from Chapter 1

#1

The Clash between China and Japan did not begin in 1937. It had been brewing for decades. The story of the first half of China’s twentieth century is the story of its love-hate relationship with its smaller island neighbor.

#2

The Chinese influence was at its peak during this period. The dynasty was established by ethnic Manchus who rode into the Chinese heartland from the lands of the northeast. Even though the Manchus had conquered China’s territory, they still respected China’s powerful social norms.

#3

China’s success in the eighteenth century was largely due to their small, efficient bureaucracy. But when a new threat appeared in the early nineteenth century in the form of imperialism from the West, China was forced to sign unequal treaties that gave away their sovereignty.

#4

The Treaty of Nanjing, which was signed in 1842, allowed trading rights to be granted to the trading city of Shanghai. The Qing dynasty had to rethink its entire strategy of dealing with the Western world.

#5

The Taiping rebellion was the result of a young man named Hong Xiuquan from Guangdong province having visions of being the younger brother of Jesus Christ, and being sent to earth to drive the Manchus from China and establish the Taiping Tianguo.

#6

China’s political system was opened up to the public in the 1860s, which led to a wider culture of violence that targeted foreigners. The country never formally lost its sovereignty, but foreigners were free to roam across its territory with little fear of legal consequences for actions they took, which led to many troubling encounters between the Chinese and the intruders.

#7

Chiang Kai-shek was born in 1887 in China. He was a stubborn, manipulative, and callous man, but he had firm commitments coming from his experience as a Bible-reading Confucian firmly committed to revolutionary anti-imperialism.

#8

The Meiji Restoration in Japan was a revolution that replaced the Tokugawas with a different aristocratic elite in response to the foreign threat. Within just three decades, Japan had been transformed. It had a disciplined, conscripted army, and a constitution and parliamentary system. It was Asia’s most heavily industrialized society.

#9

The Russo-Japanese War had a huge impact on the Japanese public. Songs such as Comrade became popular hits, with lines such as Here, many hundreds of leagues from home, the red setting sun of distant Manchuria shines down on a stone at the edge of a field, beneath which my friend lies.

#10

The Qing Dynasty, which had ruled China for nearly a thousand years, was nearing its end. The dynasty had tried to reform itself in the 1900s, but conservative figures at court stymied these efforts. The Boxer Uprising proved a disaster for the dynasty, as it had supported the rebels.

#11

The end of the old system created new opportunities for learning that had never been available to an older generation of Chinese. Sun Yat-sen, a Hong Kong–trained physician, was a major figure in the new political philosophy, and he spent much of the 1880s and 1890s moving among Chinese communities overseas and forging links with secret societies.

#12

The Chinese Revolution was led by Sun Yat-sen, a Guangdong native, and Wang Jingwei, a Guangzhou native. They took inspiration from the Russian nihilists and terrorists, who glorified the use of violence.

#13

The Qing dynasty, which had ruled China for more than two centuries, fell in 1912 after a local uprising. The rule of the Qing was highly brittle, and it was clear from the beginning that power would not be held by the political parties and Parliament, but by the militarists.

#14

China was in chaos following the Treaty of Versailles, which gave Japan territories on Chinese soil. The Chinese assumed that these territories would be restored to the young republic, but they were awarded to Japan instead. The Western Allies had made simultaneous secret agreements with both China and Japan in order to bring them both in on the Allied side.

#15

In 1921, a group of Chinese communists held their first congress. They were influenced by the Russian Revolution, and believed that China’s social problems needed a radical solution. But they could not ignore the size of the crisis facing the country.
Insights from Chapter 2

#1

The reaction of Chiang and Wang to the crisis of the republic was typical of the many young men and women of their age. They had all been supporters of the 1911 revolution, and to see their bright hopes for the country disappear into a sea of warlordism was wrenching.

#2

In 1923, Sun made a decision that would shape Chinese history. He allied with the Soviets, and the two parties formed the United Front. The alliance made sense ideologically for Sun, as his political philosophy consisted of democracy, nationalism, and the idea of people’s livelihood, which was sometimes rendered as socialism in English.

#3

The alliance between the Nationalists and the Communists was important to Mao Zedong, as it meant a larger party base which he could use to plan radical revolution. Mao’s influence as a political activist was growing. In October 1925, he replaced Wang Jingwei as the Nationalist Party director of propaganda.

#4

In 1925, China seemed ready for revolution. On May 30, demonstrators gathered in front of a Japanese-owned factory in Shanghai’s International Settlement, protesting their dismissal from work there. As the crowd grew to tens, then hundreds, chants of Kill the foreigners became louder.

#5

In 1926, Chiang Kai-shek was officially placed in charge of the National Revolutionary Army, which served the Nationalist Party. He began a campaign to take over most of China’s central and eastern provinces, which was called the Northern Expedition.

#6

The capture of Shanghai by the Nationalists in April 1927 marked the end of the alliance between the Communists and the Nationalists. Chiang Kai-shek had formally established himself as the ruler of a Nationalist government, but his victory was stained with the blood of his former allies.

#7

The Nationalist government moved its capital from Beijing to Nanjing in 1928, because Chiang wanted to make sure that his military and economic control was strongest in that area. The provinces of the Yangze delta, such as Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Anhui, were firmly under Chiang’s control. But the further one went from Nanjing, the less secure the Nationalist government’s control was.

#8

The United States had two contradictory views of China. On the one hand, they shared in all the imperial rights that the European powers had there, and had been important actors in the opium trade. On the other hand, many Americans felt that they had a special role in China, and regarded themselves as somehow different from the European powers.

#9

The American view of China was that the Chinese were trying to become like Americans, and it was the American’s duty to train them to achieve that goal. This misconception led to many fruitful cultural encounters, but it also led to fundamental clashes between China and America during the war with Japan.

#10

The Japanese saw Chiang’s Nationalist government as a hostile opponent. They refused to take the Nationalists seriously as a movement with popular legitimacy and an ideological agenda that demanded the eventual removal of imperialist power from Chinese soil.
Insights from Chapter 3

#1

The Manchurian Incident, which took place on September 18, 1931, was the result of a bomb being set off by the Japanese on a railway line near the city of Shenyang. The Japanese claimed that the blast was set off by Chinese subversives, and that they had no choice but to launch an immediate military coup to protect Japanese lives and property.

#2

The Nationalist government’s strength was seen as a positive development by many outside observers, but the Japanese government was concerned that China was becoming too independent.