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Description

A Guide to Criminal Law, Revised Edition, is a comprehensive guide to the legal system and the area of criminal law as it affects people in a day-to-day capacity. The book is clear and concise and covers all the relevant areas of the criminal justice system and is designed for those people who either wish to understand more about the legal system or wish to know more about a specific area of law. The book is updated to 2017.

Informations

Publié par	Straightforward Publishing
Date de parution	25 février 2017
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9781847167422
Langue	English

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0300€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

Extrait

A GUIDE TO CRIMINAL LAW
Revised Edition Peter Robertson
Straightforward Publishing 2017
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in a retrieval system or transmitted by any means, electronic or mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright holders.
ISBN: 978-1-84716-678-4 eISBN: 978-1-84716-742-2 Kindle ISBN: 978-1-84716-478-0
Printed by 4edge www.4edge.co.uk
Cover design by Straightforward Graphics
Whilst every effort has been made to ensure that the information contained within this book is correct at the time of going to press, the author and publisher can take no responsibility for the errors or omissions contained within.
Contents
Table of cases
Introduction
1. The Development of Law
Customs
General customs
Local customs
Common law
Equity
Judicial precedents
The doctrine of precedents
Original precedents
Binding precedent
Persuasive precedent
The hierarchy of courts and precedent
The European Court of Justice
The Supreme Court
Court of Appeal
Divisional Courts
Courts of First Instance
The High Court
Inferior courts
Use of Practice statement
Distinguishing, overruling and reversing decisions
Advantages and disadvantages of precedent
Reporting cases
2. The Purpose of Criminal law
Defining a crime
Sources of criminal law
The classification of offences
Summary offences
Indictable offences
Triable either-way offences
Elements of a crime
The burden of proof
Establishing criminal liability
The actus reus of a crime
The conduct of the accused
Result or consequence
Causation
An omission
The mens rea of a crime
Different degrees of mens rea
Crime of specific intent
Crime of basic intent
Intention
Direct intention
Oblique intention
Recklessness
Cunningham recklessness
Caldwell recklessness
Negligence
Criminal negligence
Transferred malice
Strict liability
Regulatory offences
More serious criminal offences
3. Unlawful Killing - Homicide
Distinction between murder and manslaughter
Current definition of murder
Malice aforethought
Chain of causation
Voluntary manslaughter
Diminished responsibility
Provocation
Evidence of provocation
Loss of self-control
Reasonable man acting in similar way
The survivor of a suicide pact
Infanticide
Abortion
Involuntary manslaughter
Constructive manslaughter
Unlawful act
Act must be dangerous
Gross negligence
Killing a child or vulnerable adult
Corporate manslaughter
4. Non-Fatal offences against the person
Assault
Actus reus of assault
The Threat of assault
Mens rea of assault
Battery
Indirect battery
Actus reus and mens Rea of battery
Consent as a defence
Actual bodily harm
Defining actual bodily harm
Malicious wounding
Harassment and stalking
Stalking offences
5. Sexual Offences
Rape
Penetration
Consent
Belief in consent
Assault by penetration
Sexual in nature
Sexual assault
Child victims
6. Property Offences
Theft and other related offences
Things in action
Robbery
Burglary
Elements of a burglary
Trespasser
Building
Aggravated burglary
Criminal damage
Aggravated criminal damage
Arson
7. Fraud and non-payment
Elements of fraud
False representation
Mens rea
Untrue or misleading
Express or implied
Dishonesty
Intention to make gain or cause loss
Fraud by abuse of position
Making off without payment
8. Parties to a Crime
The principal offender
Secondary offenders
To counsel
To procure
Knowledge that a crime is to be committed
9. Defences in Criminal Cases
Age and lack of capacity
Below age of ten
Between ages of ten and fourteen
Children of fourteen and over
Insanity
Unfitness to plead at trial
Insanity at the time of crime
Defence under M Naughton rules
Non-insane Automatism
Intoxication
Mistakes about the law
Self-defence
The Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008
Necessity
Duress
Duress of circumstances
Marital coercion
Public and private defence
10. Inchoate Offences
Attempts to commit a crime
The actus reus of attempt
More than merely preparatory
The mens rea of attempt
Conspiracy to commit a crime
The actus reus of conspiracy
The mens rea of conspiracy
Incitement
Encouraging or assisting crime
Liability under the Serious Crimes Act 2007
Defences of acting reasonably
Defences for victims
11. The Legal System
Criminal cases
Police powers
Police powers before arrest
Powers to arrest-serious arrestable offences
Powers to stop and search
Voluntary searches
Other powers to stop and search
Roadside checks
The power to search premises
Power to enter premises without a search warrant
To prevent a breach of the peace
Searching with consent
Unlawful entry and search
Powers of arrest
Arrestable offences
PACE section 24-arrests by police and citizens
PACE section 25
Other rights of arrest
Arrest for breach of the peace
The right to search an arrested person
Powers to detain a suspect
Rights of detained people
Police interviews
The right to silence
Searches fingerprints and samples
Complaints against the police
12. Hearing Criminal Cases
Pre-trial hearings
Categories of criminal offence
Bail
Bail sureties
The Crown Prosecution Service
Criminal courts
The role of the Magistrates Court
Summary trials
Triable either-way cases
Sending cases to the Crown Court
Committal proceedings
Youth courts
Appeals from the Magistrates Court
Further appeal to the Supreme Court
The Crown Court
Preliminary matters in the Crown Court
The Indictment
Disclosure by prosecution and defence
The trial
Appeals in criminal cases
Appeals to the Supreme Court
References to the European Court of Justice
Sentencing
Custodial sentences
Community sentences
Fines
Discharges
Other powers available to the courts
The Serious Crime Act 2015
Offenders who are mentally ill
Anti-social behaviour orders

Index
***************
Table of cases

Adamoko 1995 AC 171
AG v Whelan 1934 IR 518
Anderton and Burnside 1984
Arioboke 1998 Crim LR 3l4
B (a minor) v DPP (2000)
Bainbridge 1960 1 QB 129
Beckford 1988 AC 130
Bibby v Chief Constable of Essex 2000
Briggs 2003 EWCA Crim 3662
Brown 1985 73
Caldwell and Lawrence 1982 AC 341
Calhaem 1985 QB 808
Camplin 1978 AC 705
Chamberlaine v Lindon 1998 1 WLR
Chan-Fook 1994 1 WLR 689
Church 1966 1 QB 59
Collins 1973 QB 100
Collins and Wilcock 1984 1 WLR
Coney 1883 8 QBD 534
Costanza 1997
Cotswold Geotechnical Holdings Ltd 2012
Cunningham 1957 2 QB 396
Cunliffe v Goodman 1950 2 KB 237
Donnelly v Jackman 1970
DPP v Dunn (2000)
DPP v Smith (1911)
Duffy 1949 1 ALL ER 932
Dytham 1939 QB 722
Egerton v Harding 1974
Gammon (Hong Kong Ltd) v Attorney General Hong Kong 1984
Goodfellow 1986 83 Cr App R 23
Hale 1978 68 Cr App R 415
Hardie 1985 1 WLR 64
Hill v Baxter 1958 1 QB 277
Hughes 2013
Hunter and Others c Canary Wharf Ltd and LDDC 1995
Invicta Plastics Ltd v Clare 1976 RTR 251
Instan 1893 1 QB 450
Jaggard v Dickinson 1981 QB 527
Johnson 1989 1 WLR 740
Johnson v Youden and Others 1950 1 RB 544
Jones 1990 1 WLR 1057
Lamb 1967 2 QB 981
Larkin 1943 KB 174
Latimer 1886 17 QBD 359
London Borough of Harrow v Shah and Shah 2000
Lou v DPP 2000
Marchant and Muntz 2004
Martin 1881 8 QBD
McNaughton 1983
Miller 1954 2 QB 282
Mitchell 1983 QB 741
MPC v Charles 1977 AC 177
National Coal Board v Gamble 1959 1 QB 11
Pagett 1983 76 CR App R 279
Pearson 1992 Crim LR 193
Pitham and Hehl 1977 65 Cr App R 45
Pitwood 1902 19 TLR 37
Prince 1875 LR 2 CCR 154
R v Jheet 2007
R v JM and SM 2012
R v Bree 2007
R V Ghosh 1982
R V Kite and OLL Ltd 1994
Rance v Mid-Downs Health Authority 1991 1 QB 587
Re A (Children) 2000 EWCA Civ 254
Re London and Globe Finance Corporation 1903
Robinson 1977 Crim LR 173
Samuels v Stubbs 1972 4 SASR 200
Savage 1991
Scott v Shepherd 1983 2 Wm BI 892
Sofroniou 2003 EWCA 3681
Smith v Chief Superintendent of Woking Police Station 1983 76 Crim App R234 Crim LR 323
Smith 1974 QB 354
Smith and Morgan 2000 UKHL 49 AC 146
Steer 1988 AC 111 88-92
Stevens v Gurley 1859 7 CB NS 99
Sweet v Parsley 1970 AC 132
Thomas 1985 81 CR App R 331
Tuck v Robson 1970 1 WLR 741
Wacker 2003 EWCA Crim 1944 4 AlL ER 295
Wilcox v Jeffrey 1951 1 ALL ER 464
Williams 1992 1 WLR 380 2 ALL ER 183
Williams (Gladstone) 1987 3 ALL ER 411 78 Cr App R 276
Willer 1986 83 CR App R 225
Wilson 1955 1 WLR 493
Winzar v Chief Constable of Kent 1983
Woollin 1998 UKHL 28
Woolmington v DPP 1935 AC 462
White 1910
Whoolley 1997
***************
Introduction
The Revised edition of this latest book in the Emerald Home Lawyer Series is a companion volume to Emerald Guide to The English Legal System. The law is up to date to 2017.
With the vote by the United Kingdom to leave the European Union, BREXIT, it is understood that there will be changes in the future once Article 50 is triggered (following a Parliamentary vote) and the hierarchy of courts involved in criminal cases will change, i.e. the role of the European Courts will no doubt disappear. However, as we write, this is not yet the case.
The book commences with the development of law generally, as to understand the context within which criminal law operates, it is first necessary to understand the workings of the legal system.
Following this, the purpose of criminal law is outlined, along with an examination of areas of criminal law, such as unlawful killing, specifically murder and manslaughter. The area of non-fatal offences against the person is examined along with property offences and obtaining property by deception. Sexual offences and fraud are also included.
The areas of criminal damage and defences generally in c