From Palestine to Israel , livre ebook

Pluto Press - Ariella Azoulay

Découvre YouScribe en t'inscrivant gratuitement

Je m'inscris

Obtenez un accès à la bibliothèque pour le consulter en ligne
En savoir plus

257 pages

English

Obtenez un accès à la bibliothèque pour le consulter en ligne
En savoir plus

A propos
Informations
Extrait

Description

In this carefully curated and beautifully presented photobook, Ariella Azoulay offers a new perspective on four crucial years in the history of Palestine/Israel.

The book reconstructs the processes by which the Palestinian majority in Mandatory Palestine became a minority in Israel, while the Jewish minority established a new political entity in which it became a majority ruling a minority Palestinian population. By reading over 200 photographs from that period, most of which were previously confined to Israeli state archives, Azoulay recounts the events and the stories that for years have been ignored or only partially acknowledged in Israel and the West.

Including substantial analytical text, this book will give activists, scholars and journalists a new perspective on the origins of the Palestine-Israel conflict.
Introduction: Constituent Violence 1947–50

Acknowledgements

Bibliography

1. Military Governmentality

2. Socialisation to the State, and the Mechanisms

of Subordination

3. Architecture of Destruction, Dispossession

and Gaining Ownership

4. Creating a Jewish Political Body and Deporting

the Country’s Arab Residents

5. Borders, Strategies of Uprooting, and

Preventing Return

6. Looting, Monopolising and Expropriation

7. Observing 'Their Catastrophe'

Index

Sujets

Israel

General

Middle East

Photography

General officer

Photojournalism

HISTORY

Informations

Publié par	Pluto Press
Date de parution	07 octobre 2011
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9781849647007
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	88 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0000€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

Extrait

From Palestine to IsraelFrom Palestine to Israel
A Photographic Record of Destruction and State Formation, 1947–50
Ariella Azoulay
Translated by Charles S. Kamen

First published 2011 by Pluto Press
345 archway r oad, l ondon n6 5aa
www.plutobooks.com
First published in Hebrew by r esling Publishing House,
tel aviv, 2009
Copyright © ariella azoulay 2011
translation © Charles s Kamen 2011
Published with the support of Zochrot – the exhibition on
which this book is based was curated by ariella azoulay
and frst shown at Zochrot, t el aviv, 2009
t he right of ariella azoulay to be identifed as the author of
this work has been asserted by her in accordance with the
Copyright, Designs and Patents a ct 1988.
British library Cataloguing in Publication Data
a catalogue record for this book is available from
the British library
isBn 978 0 7453 3169 0 Paperback
t his book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and
made from fully managed and sustained forest sources.
l ogging, pulping and manufacturing processes are
expected to conform to the environmental standards of
the country of origin.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Designed and typeset by tom l ynton
Produced for Pluto Press by Chase Publishing services ltd
Printed and bound in the european Union by
CPi antony r owe, Chippenham
4 From Palestine to israelCONTENTS
introduction: Constituent Violence 1947–50 6
a cknowledgements 17
Bibliography 18
1 military Governmentality 20
2 socialization to the state, and the mechanisms
of subordination 52
3 architecture of Destruction, Dispossession
and Gaining o wnership 86
4 Creating a Jewish Political Body and Deporting
the Country’s arab r esidents 126
5 Borders, strategies of Uprooting, and
Preventing r eturn 174
6 l ooting, monopolizing and expropriation 206
7 observing “t heir Catastrophe” 232
index 252
5

INTRODUCTION
Constit uent
Violence
1 947–50
Recognizing the disaster as a necessary
condition for imagining the future
6 From Palestine to israel

The war that wasn’t Jews and arabs, replacing it with a narrow conception
t he photographs included here are historical of “national confict” that justifes an anachronistic
documents in every sense. analyzing them as historical reading of the past in which “war” between them was sheds new light on what occurred in unavoidable. t he term “war” assumes as self-evident
Palestine between 1947 and 1950. although the the existence of two hostile sides which fought one
photographs have been available to the public in another, and mistakenly identifes the violence carried
the archives that preserved them (mostly state and out by the army with wartime “battles.”
Zionist archives) for 60 years, they have not yet been
1treated as archival documents. t his book reads t his book traces the constituent violence carried
them in a manner that presents a new way to write out by the Jewish military and political leadership.
history – history through photographs. Bringing these “Constituent violence” is understood here, following
photographs together allowed me to create a new Walter Benjamin and a whole tradition of political
archive: a civil archive which makes it possible to view theory, as the force used to create and impose a
the catastrophe they recorded. new political regime. t he transformation of Palestine
Viewing the late 1940s from a military perspective, into the state of israel was not achieved during an
these years appear as a series of battles and strategic unavoidable war between two nations, but by the
objectives whose attainment is considered the exercise of systematic and planned violence to create
measure of success or failure. Viewing the period a clear Jewish majority that would correspond to
from a perspective of national sovereignty, it displays a and justify the formation of a Jewish state and the
series of events connected to the Zionist phantasm of Jew-ifcation of the state organs. t his violence was
establishing a national home for one people in an area called the “War of liberation,” thereby giving rise to
occupied by a mixed population, and situates two sides a persistent confusion which even today permeates
at the drama’s center: two mutually hostile nations israeli and international public discourse. t his confusion
fghting to the death in a confict only one can survive. concerns three protagonists associated with achieving
t hese two perspectives bury the question of whether liberation: the British, the Palestinians and the arab
these two sides – “Jews” and “arabs” – in fact existed states. t his confusion permitted the falsehood of a war
as separate, hostile parties prior to the war. t his book for survival and justifed the continued use of violence
proposes a civil viewpoint, one encompassing all the under the guise of war, and these attitudes persist
inhabitants of the country – both Jews and arabs – that today. t he term “liberation” or “independence” implied
allows us to reconstruct the segregation of the two a decolonization project, liberation from a foreign
sides and the collision between them as a product of power, in a manner that camoufaged the colonization
the war, which created its form and structure. of Palestine by the state of israel. t he term “liberation”
t he historiography of this period is based primarily is inaccurate in relation to those three elements: the
on written documents, and describes the series of British left the country voluntarily, and liberation from
events that occurred in Palestine at the end of the them did not require a war. t he Palestinians were
1940s as a passage from “war” to “state.” Critical certainly not the foreign power from which liberation
historiography includes the “nakba” in this picture in a was necessary. r ather, the Palestinians were the
manner which portrays it as an additional consequence inhabitants of a country who were transformed
of the establishment of the state of israel, and as a into foreigners and expelled from their land by the
parallel narrative competing with the Zionist narrative mobilization for “war.” t he violent expulsion and
of “independence” culminating in the establishment destruction that made the declaration of israel’s
of the state. in analyzing the violence carried out establishment possible led to the acceptance of israel
in Palestine at the end of the 1940s, the critical as a member of the United nations and ensured that
narrative, like that of the Zionists, failed to question henceforth future negotiations would take place only
the applicability of the term “war.” t he civil archive with other, recognized sovereign states. ten additional
that is the project of this book reconstructs the past months of constituent violence ended in march, 1949,
without accepting the prior national assumptions. t he with the armistice agreements between israel and a
unproblematic adoption of the term “war” to describe number of arab states, but notably the Palestinians
the period establishes it at the apex of the “israel– were eliminated as offcial participants within the
Palestine confict” in a manner that eliminates the confict. t he agreements signed between the state of
complex variety of exchange and interaction between israel, which imposed itself on the population of the
___________________________________________ region, and the arab states, transformed the demand
1
seeacknowledgementsformoreonthis. of Palestinians to return home into an illegitimate threat
7

to the sovereignty of the newly established nation- Partition Plan by the country’s arab residents, by the
state. arab states and by the governments of Britain and
t hese international agreements played a role in the United states, but stipulated that United nations
preserving the effects of the constituent violence that recognition was irrevocable: “t his recognition by the
imposed a Jewish state on a mixed population, while United nations of the right of the Jewish people to
the majority of the land’s existing inhabitants were establish their state is irrevocable.” a ccording to the
expelled and never allowed to return. israeli declaration, it is not the rights of the inhabitants
Using the war as a prism through which the past that are irrevocable, as has been the norm in various
is read allows us not only to read the past differently, declarations of this kind since the american r evolution,
but also to imagine a different, civil future. t his book but the recognition of the reality created by the new
proposes to extract such potentialities from the rubble regime without obtaining the agreement of all those it
created by the nation-state’s machinery of war. would govern.
From this book’s civil perspective, past events a gain, the partition resolution was not politically
cannot be split and narrated along national lines. valid for the community whose future it wished
When the fate of the entire population is taken to establish, nor did it attempt to preserve the
into consideration, the expulsion, dispossession cohabitation that had previously existed. military force
and destruction cannot be justifed. t he events that was needed to overcome the opposition of the majority
occurred between 1947 and 1950 appear as the of the land’s inhabitants and to realize the plan. in order
struggle of a local leadership to impose its rule on to produce such military force, the civil population had
the entire body politic and constitute a new regime to be recruited and made submissive. t he might of
regardless of the wishes of its inhabitants and without war as an existential threat had to be imposed on the
seeking their consent. From this perspective, the civil population; the dividing line between Jews and arabs
society as a w