Welsh Traditional Music , livre ebook

University of Wales Press - Phyllis Kinney

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312 pages

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Phyllis Kinney's Welsh Traditional Music covers the traditional music of Wales from its beginnings through to the present day, providing musical analysis and placing its material firmly into a social and historical context. Among the many different forms of Welsh traditional music discussed are seasonal music (including wassail songs, Christmas and May carols and Plygain carols), folk drama, ballad-singing, the relevance of the eisteddfod and the musical journals of the nineteenth century. Additionally, the book includes a history of song collecting from the eighteenth century to the establishment and ongoing activities of the Welsh Folk-Song Society in the twentieth; both the instrumental and the vocal traditions are examined, as well as the uniquely Welsh tradition of ‘cerdd dant’. This is a work of pioneering scholarship that accounts for Welsh traditional music within the context of a greater Welsh musical tradition.

Sujets

Musique

Culture musicale

Ethnic

Wales

Music

Informations

Publié par	University of Wales Press
Date de parution	15 juin 2016
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9781783168583
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	18 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0650€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

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WELSH
TRADITIONAL
MUSICAberystwyth Market Day 1797WELSH
TRADITIONAL
MUSIC
Phyllis Kinney
UNIVERSITY OF WALES PRESS
in association with
CYMDEITHAS ALAWON GWERIN CYMRU© Phyllis Kinney, 2011
Reprinted (paperback), 2015
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any material form (including
photocopying or storing it in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to
some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright owner except in
accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Applications for the
copyright owner’s written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to
The University of Wales Press, 10 Columbus Walk, Brigantine Place, Cardiff, CF10 4UP.
www.uwp.co.uk
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
ISBN 978-1-78316-857-6
e-ISBN 978-1-78316-858-3
The right of Phyllis Kinney to be identifed as author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance
with sections 77, 78 and 79 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
This book has been published with the assistance of Cymdeithas Alawon Gwerin Cymru.
Designed and typeset by Chris Bell, cbdesign
Printed by CPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham, WiltshireForeword
n a model nation, Phyllis Kinney, under the auspices of an enlightened
foundation, would have spent much of the past forty years editing from manu-I scripts and from recordings the wealth of unpublished traditional music of her
adopted country. Wales would have had available to all, with appropriate editorial
apparatus, a worthy published corpus of her traditional music. That ideal remains a
distant one. Instead, we can only be grateful that a long personal commitment on
her part has led to a valuable range of publications – some by herself alone, some
in collaboration with Meredydd Evans – which has made public part at least of the
heritage of our traditional song and music, and which has greatly advanced our
understanding of that tradition.
Phyllis Kinney came to Welsh music, as a trained musician, from the outside.
Her knowledge of the sources – printed, manuscript and recorded – is unsurpassed.
This book, the frst comprehensive survey of the feld since W. S. Gwynn Williams’s
Welsh National Song and Dance in 1932, presents a completely fresh appraisal of
the material, from the end of the Middle Ages to the present day. In it we learn, for
instance, of the few medieval tunes that survived into later instrumental tradition;
of the songs in popular medieval metres that survived into the twentieth century
in seasonal ritual songs; of the food of new tunes in the sixteenth and seventeenth
centuries that came in from England and elsewhere, entering the Welsh carol and
ballad traditions, and how some of these survived in Wales, notably in association
with the plygain, long after their disappearance from popular use in England (and
we learn too of the extraordinary transmutation of some of the English titles into
Welsh forms).
This is a work that distils the conclusions drawn by the author from her
profound knowledge and long study of the music, and illuminates them with a
selection of songs and tunes that is of unprecedented range and richness. It offers not
only an authoritative survey of the subject but also a musical anthology that will
provide pleasure as well as instruction to many of its readers.
Daniel Huws, May 2009This page intentionally left blank.Acknowledgements
y first knowledge of Welsh folk-song came when I was a college student in
Michigan many years ago. One of my lecturers was a Welshman, Gomer M Ll. Jones, who taught me some Welsh songs, almost all from Brinley
Richards’s The Songs of Wales (London, 1873). That awakened my interest, and when I
came to Britain some years later I was eager to fnd out more about Wales and its
traditional music. I soon discovered that Songs of Wales was largely a selection of
harp airs with English and Welsh words, and that the true nature of Welsh
traditional music lay elsewhere.
As I began to search for books in English on this subject it became obvious that,
until recently, musicologists (with the exception of Peter Crossley-Holland and Joan
Rimmer) have paid only cursory attention to Welsh traditional music. They have
to a great extent ignored the music, in most cases because they do not know the
Welsh language, which is an important part of the song tradition. In 1932, W. S.
Gwynn Williams published a general survey of the feld in English, but much more
research has been done since then. Although Welsh universities in general have
shown little interest in the subject, some members of the School of Music at Bangor
University, especially Sally Harper, Wyn Thomas and Stephen Rees, have written
about aspects of Welsh traditional music that have become part of the university
curriculum.
This book has been written in the hope that I can pass on to others my
enthusiasm for these songs. I am deeply indebted to a number of people who have
generously given of their time and effort to help me in the work. First and foremost is my
husband, Meredydd Evans, a fne singer with a deep knowledge of Welsh folk-songs
and the generosity to pass it on to others. Together, we have read and discussed
every aspect of this book. My second reader was Daniel Huws, whose thoughtful
advice has been of immense value. Both have saved me from numerous errors.
I am especially grateful to D. Roy Saer, formerly of the National History Museum
in St Fagans, who enabled me to listen to numerous feld recordings of Welsh folk
singers and patiently discussed singing styles.
Over the years, many people have contributed generously of their time and
knowledge to the development of this book and I would like to thank, in particular,
Robin Huw Bowen, Bethan Bryn, Aled Lloyd Davies, the late Hywel Teif Edwards, Acknowledgements
Rhidian Griffths, Robin Gwyndaf, Rhiannon Ifans, Cass Meurig, Huw Walters and
members of The Welsh Folk-Song Society and Cymdeithas Cerdd Dant Cymru. I also
wish to thank Richard Lloyd for preparing the musical examples for publication.
In addition, thanks must also go to the staff of the National Library of Wales, St
Fagans: National History Museum, and the University of Wales Press. I am
particularly indebted to the Welsh Folk-Song Society for their generous fnancial assistance
in the production of this book. I am also deeply indebted to Dafydd Ifans for his
meticulous work in compiling the indices. Finally, a very special ‘thank you’ to my
daughter Eluned, who played an important part in the editing of the chapters and
was instrumental in getting the book to the press.
viiiContents
Foreword v
Acknowledgements vii
List of illustrationsxi
Abbreviationsxiii
A note on the translation of Welsh terms and transcription of the musical examples xv
Introduction: What is Traditional Music? xvii
1 The Oral Tradition 1
2 The Watershed 17
3 Manuscript to Print 35
4 Edward Jones and Traditional Airs 57
5 Seasonal Festivities 71
6 Carols, Ballads and the Anterliwt 105
7 The Early Collectors: Iolo Morganwg and Ifor Ceri 127
8 The Great Change157
9 The Momentum Continues181
10 J. Lloyd Williams and the Welsh Folk-Song Society 203
Notes 229
Appendix 1 Cerdd Dant 241
Appendix 2 Printed Music Collections 247
Bibliography251
Index 261
Index of Music 287This page intentionally left blank.List of illustrations
Plate 1 An illustration of tablature taken from the Robert ap Huw MS
(BL Add. MS 14905, Musica, p. 62). By permission of the British
Library.
Plate 2 Psalm II, Edmwnd Prys, Llyfr y Psalmau wedi eu cyfeithu a’i cyfansoddi
ar fesur cerdd yn Gymraeg Drwy waith Edmwnd Prys Archdiacon
Meirionnydd (London, 1621). By permission of Llyfrgell Genedlaethol
Cymru/The National Library of Wales.
Plate 3 Portrait of W illiam Williams, 'Wil Penmorfa' (1759–1828). By
permission of Amgueddfa Cymru/National Museum Wales.
Plate 4 The title page of Antient British Music with an inscription possibly in
the hand of Richard Morris. BL Add. MS 14939. By permission of the
British Library.
Plate 5 ‘Calon Drom’ from Antient British Music, Part II, unpublished
specimen (RCM MS 4681). By permission of the Royal College of Music,
London.
Plate 6 ‘Triban Morganwg’, an extract from the letter from William Jones,
Llangadfan, to Edward Jones. NLW Add. MS 171E. By permission of
Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru/The National Library of Wales.
Plate 7 Illustration of the Llangynwyd calennig from the archive of St Fagans:
National History Museum. The photograph was taken by Mr
Frederick Evans. By permission of Amgueddfa Cymru/National Museum
Wales.
Plate 8 The Holywell Cadi from the archive of St Fagans: National History
Museum. The photograph was taken in 1939 by Mr T. P. Hayden.
By permission of Amgueddfa Cymru/National Museum Wales.
Plate 9 Photograph of J. Lloyd W illiams. By permission of Cymdeithas Alawon
Gwerin Cymru/The Welsh Folk-Song Society.List of illustrations
Example 2.2 ‘Cywydd deuair: Morganwg’ as noted by Iolo Morganwg, NLW, Iolo
A. Williams MSS, uncatalogued. By permission of Llyfrgell
Genedlaethol Cymru/The National Library of Wales.
frontispiece: ‘Aberystwyth Market Day 1797’. National Library of Wales Acc.
No. MD8520. By permission of Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru/The
National Library of Wales.
xiiAbbreviations
ABM John Parr y and Evan Williams, Antient British Music
(London, 1742).
Airs John Parr y , A Collection of Welsh, English and Scotch Airs
(London, 1761).
ANAGM Maria Jane Williams, Ancient National Airs of Gwent and
Morganwg (Llandovery, 1844). Reprinted by the Welsh
Folk-Song Society with introduction and notes by Daniel
Huws (1988).
Bardic Museum Edward Jones, The Bardic Museum (London, 1802).
BBCS Bulletin of the Board of Celtic Studies, 1921–93
Bl