Sandrine Maugy BOTANICAL WATERCOLOURS through the seasons An all-year-round guide to painting flowers and plants SEARCH PRESS SANDRINE MAUGY is an award-winning botanical artist, author and illustrator, fellow member of the Society of Botanical Artists, the Association of Illustrators, the Society of Authors and the Societé Française d’Illustration Botanique (SFIB). She exhibits her work internationally and writes articles for art magazines. Sandrine regularly teaches residential courses at the renowned West Dean College, and wrote the Botanical Illustration Diploma Course for London Art College. She runs an art blog, YouTube channel – Atelier Sandrine Maugy – and a Patreon site, for students all over the world. Her first book,Colours of Nature,was published in 2013. Sandrine paints and writes from her studio and garden in Southampton, UK. Her painting style captures the pure, vibrant colours of nature and is infused with dramatic light, giving this traditional style a contemporary twist. Visit her website www.sandrinemaugy.com BOTANICAL WATERCOLOURS through the seasons Dedication Botanical Watercolours through the seasonsis dedicated to my mum, who would have loved it. Maman didn’t share my love for all seasons and always struggled with the fading light of Autumn… She left this world in November 2013.
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Sandrine Maugy BOTANICAL WATERCOLOURS through the seasons An aLL-year-round guide to painting fLowers and pLants
SEARCH PRESS
SANDRINE MAUGYis an awardwinning botanical artist, author and illustrator, fellow member of the Society of Botanical Artists, the Association of Illustrators, the Society of Authors and the Societé Française d’Illustration Botanique (SFIB). She exhibits her work internationally and writes articles for art magazines. Sandrine regularly teaches residential courses at the renowned West Dean College, and wrote the Botanical Illustration Diploma Course for London Art College. She runs an art blog, YouTube channel – Atelier Sandrine Maugy – and a Patreon site, for students all over the world. Her first book,Colours of Nature,was published in 2013. Sandrine paints and writes from her studio and garden in Southampton, UK. Her painting style captures the pure, vibrant colours of nature and is infused with dramatic light, giving this traditional style a contemporary twist. Visit her website www.sandrinemaugy.com
BOTANICAL WATERCOLOURS through the seasons
Dedication Botanical Watercolours through the seasonsis dedicated to my mum, who would have loved it. Maman didn’t share my love for all seasons and always struggled with the fading light of Autumn… She left this world in November 2013.
BOTANICAL WATERCOLOURS through the seasons An aLL-year-round guide to painting lowers and pLants
Sandrine Maugy
First published in
Search Press Limited Wellwood, North Farm Road, Tunbridge Wells, Kent TN DR
All rights reserved. No part o this book, text, photographs or illustrations may be reproduced or transmitted in any orm or by any means by print, photoprint, microilm, microiche, photocopier, video, internet or in any way known or as yet unknown, or stored in a retrieval system, without written permission obtained beorehand rom Search Press.
The Publishers and author can accept no responsibility or any consequences arising rom the inormation, advice or instructions given in this publication.
No use o the artwork or commercial purposes is permitted without the prior permission o both artist and Publishers. Readers are permitted to reproduce or copy the paintings in this book only or private and personal study/practice.
Suppliers I you have dificulty in obtaining any o the materials and equipment mentioned in this book, then please visit the Search Press website or details o suppliers: www.searchpress.com
Discover bonus video tutorials by Sandrine Maugy via the Bookmarked Hub:www.bookmarkedhub.com
You are invited to visit the author’s: Website:www.sandrinemaugy.comYouTube channel: @AtelierSandrineMaugy Patreon:www.patreon.com/SMaugyInstagram: @sandrinemaugy Etsy shop:www.etsy.com/uk/shop/FlorasPatch
Publishers’ note All the stepbystep photographs in this book eature the author, Sandrine Maugy, demonstrating how to paint botanical watercolours. No models have been used.
Page 1 Dahlia‘DazzlingMagic,’fromWestDeanGardens.
Page 2 Viola collection Shown also on page 145.
Page 3 Pumpkin, watercolour Shown also on page 108.
Page 5 Echeveria, watercolour Demonstrated on pages 152–161.
Contents
Foreword 6
Introduction 8
My ethicaL studio 10
Working space 12
Painting rom lie 13
Drawing kit 14
Painting kit 16
Paints and pigments 18
Colour-mixing theory 20
My palette 22
Tone 24
Techniques 28
SPRING 32
Level 1: Dafodil 38
Level 2: Anemone 48
Level 3: Tulip ‘Queen o Night’ 58
SUMMER 66
Level 1: Sweet peas 72
Level 2: Rosa ‘Odyssey’ 88
Level 3: Sunlower 100
AUTUMN 108
Level 1: Ginkgo biloba 114
Level 2: ‘Catillac’ pear 122
Level 3: Hydrangea 130
WINTER 140
Level 1: Pansy ‘Midnight Glow’ 146
Level 2: Echeveria 154
Level 3: Holly star 164
ConcLusion 170
Paint-conversion tabLe 172
GLossary 174
Credits 175
Index 176
FOREWORD
Tom Brown, Head Gardener at West Dean Coege, West Sussex; Journaist and Broadcaster
Over recent years, te word as sowed down enoug or peope to stop and earn to appreciate te natura word around tem. Botanica painting optimizes te process o understanding and interpreting tose beautiu intricacies o nature troug art. Sandrine’s book aows us to deveop our creativity troug er step-by-step tuition wic I enjoy wist se teaces at West Dean Coege. Troug Sandrine’s guidance we can earn to ceebrate and document te natura rytms o our green spaces around us, rom our gardens and courtyards to nearby orests and ieds. Sandrine as been teacing at West Dean Coege since 2005. On eac o Sandrine’s visits to West Dean, se is very engaged wit te garden and andscape, seecting owers and subjects tat optimize te time o year and encouraging er students to get out into te environment to study and induge in te orticuture around tem. As Head Gardener o tis 90-acre garden, I ave assisted Sandrine’s casses by providing a range o ruits, owers and vegetabes or er students to study and paint. I reve in te opportunity to ook at my surroundings rom anoter perspective, taking time to vaue te subte buses on a ripe pear and a composition o te eeting deicacy o a tuip as I gater materias or casses.
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Te gardens at West Dean and, indeed, our own gardens aow us to competey immerse ourseves in te dynamic o te seasons, witnessing te eruption o ie in Spring and te bamy Summer eat, inuencing our interpretation o te botanica subjects around us. It is Sandrine’s botanica knowedge tat sets er apart; troug er observation and expertise, Sandrine’s interpretation o natura orms is eigtened. Botanica painting gives us an insigt into te subte anguage o owers – ow tey attract poinators or invite ertiization on te igtest o breezes. A o tese aint or inconspicuous processes are, in teir own way, proound and need to be onoured troug inormed art. Coour is a vita component o tis book – tere is a kaeidoscope o tones o eac and every coour, wic is ceebrated in botanica art. Noting in nature is superuous or unnecessary: eac acet o botany is in pace or a purpose, and botanica art reveres tis. In many aspects o our ives, we urte troug day ater day, missing te wonderu intricacies a around us. Let’s take some time, eac and every one o us, to isten to te sounds o nature, ee te rytm o te seasons and observe and interpret te wonders o pant ie troug botanica painting.
INTRODUCTION
I ave aways oved te passing o te seasons. It gives a rytm to ie tat I ind at times sooting and at oter times stimuating, but aways wecome and most enjoyabe. Spring brings te joyu waking-up o nature, dispaying arrays o yeow-greens and brigt coours wie te birds regae us wit teir dawn corus. Te uscious Summer carries intense bues in te sky and in te ower borders, inviting us to temporariy move our painting studio to te garden or a spe oplein airpainting, setering rom te dazzing sun in te generous sade o te pacid trees. Soon te sient mists o eary Autumn mornings appear, to be vanquised and ited by a weakening sun, reveaing brances aden wit coouru eaves. Te storms take tem out one by one and our waks turn cruncy underoot. Finay, te naked garden o Winter sivers under ow skies tat ave me waiting and yearning or te snow tat wi us te word and turn te andscape into a dreamy, monocrome picture. Ten te birds get noisy again, waking us up at dawn wit teir antics, and it starts a over again… Being a botanica artist as added anoter dimension to tis rytm. Eac season yieds a bounty o new subjects to paint and brings anoter reason to anticipate te canges. Te paette adapts to nature’s transorming coours and textures, and te inspiration oows. I woud ind it diicut to paint a dead ea in Juy or bossom in September, but I ook orward to portraying tem wen tey are in season.
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InBotanical Watercolours through the seasons, I ave expored te subjects oered aong te year, starting wit te awakening o Spring and ending wit te estive oy, coosing dierent textures and coours wie oering a coice o diicuty eves. Eac o te seasona capters contains tree tutorias. Te irst one is or beginners, te second one or intermediates and te ast one or more advanced painters. Te subjects reect te varied types ound in botanica art, demonstrating a seection o owers, eaves and ruit. Initiay, oowing te tutorias step-by-step soud give you te conidence to pick your own subject and adapt tem, using tem as an inspiration and a guide wit your own drawings and paettes. Te opening section gives advice about wic materias to use, tone and sadows, coour teory, and te tecniques I use in my work. Wen coosing materias and paints I strive to run an etica art practice, using environmentay-riendy and cruety-ree products. At te end o te book you wi ind a useu coour-conversion cart tat wi aow you to oow te tutorias even i your paette diers rom mine. Starting wit a sunny daodi, I invite you to join me on tis journey troug te seasons and enjoy te pants, booms and ruit tat Nature is bestowing upon us or inspiration.
Happy painting!
MY ETHICAL STUDIO
Do you sometimes wonder were your art materias come rom and wat impact your art as on te environment? My endeavours to run my ie and my ome in an etica way ave naturay spied into te art studio and as a resut my art practice as evoved over te years to be as etica as possibe. Weter you woud ike your art to be cruety-ree or respectu o uman rigts; your art materias to be in ine wit your vegan iestye; or weter you simpy care about te environment, ere are a ew tips tat soud ep you towards your etica goas.
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PaintsI the environment is your main concern, water-based paints are more environmentally riendly than oil-based media. Watercolour and gouache are less polluting than acrylics, which are adding to the plastic waste contaminating the oceans. The main thing to watch out or is the pigment type. Some are non-toxic but some are bad or the environment. The most notorious is cadmium, which is radioactive. As a botanical artist, it does not make sense to me to take my inspiration rom nature and then pour cadmium-contaminated water down the sink. We also have to think that although the paint manuacturers in Europe have strict contaminated-waste-disposal guidelines, the pigments themselves are made in countries where environmental laws and rules protecting workers and villages near toxic actories are almost inexistent. While cadmiums were once desirable colours, I think that their toxicity now outweighs their useulness. These days, there are some excellent cadmium substitutes available – some brands such as Daniel Smith have removed cadmiums completely rom their range and I am sure that eventually other paint manuacturers will ollow their lead. Regarding pigments, there is also an ethical issue when it comes to lightastness. Using a ading paint such as Opera Rose and then selling a painting that will degrade rapidly is not the most ethical thing to do. Picking your pigments careully will ensure that people who love your art enough to buy a painting will enjoy it or a longer time.
PaperSome cartridge-paper pads are made rom recycled paper, and bamboo watercolour paper appeared a ew years ago, being marketed as more environmentally riendly than cotton paper because bamboo requires less water to grow. Many watercolour papers are sized with animal-derived gelatine: Arches and most Saunders Waterord papers are the most prestigious examples. Fabriano Artistico and most Fabriano papers use a plant-based size and Bockingord paper is also gelatine-ree.
BrushesWhen I irst started to learn how to paint, I used sable brushes because that is what my tutors told me to do. The idea was that synthetic brushes were or amateurs and that real artists used animal bristles. Kolinsky sable brushes were the best in the world, because the sables living in Siberia were so cold that their tails were bushier as a result. I would have been horriied at the suggestion that I should wear a real ur coat but never gave a second thought to the idea o using sable hair. And yet… Sables
are raised on ur arms where they live in unnatural and oten cruel conditions and are killed exclusively or their ur. Years ago it was a hopeless mission to ind a synthetic brush that would perorm as well as sable. These days, though, some synthetics are so good that I could easily be tricked into thinking that they are natural hair. I have recently been testing dozens o models rom diferent brands. I you want to retain the eeling o animal hair without the ethical dilemma, I recommend the da Vinci Casaneo series 9. I personally preer a slightly stifer brush, as natural hair is a bit too ‘loppy’ or me. I like Pro Arte Prolene Plus Series 007, and Jackson’s Studio Synthetics series 0 collections. The Princeton Neptune synthetic squirrel is a wonderul brush. At a raction o the cost o real animal hair and without the cruelty, all these are deinitely worth a try.
PlasticPlastic is less insidious than other environmentally unriendly substances (such as pigments); however, swapping plastic water pots or old jam or mustard jars, using a wooden or metal paintbox and carrying brushes in a wooden brush case can be easily done. My plastic eraser has been replaced with the Fabriano rubber eraser. There are still little things like watercolour pans that dey my determination to eliminate all plastic. However, as I use Daniel Smith watercolours, the pans are ininitely reillable.
And if you are vegan…?I you are vegan, the art world is as much a mineield as the rest o your lie, but by now you are probably used to it. Most watercolour paints contain either ox gall or honey; many papers are sized with animal gelatine; some pigments, like Bone Black, are made rom charred bones and even cruelty-ree brushes can have shellac-varnished handles. Obviously Egg Tempera is not an option… On the ollowing pages you can ind the materials and equipment I use or drawing and painting, all o which are vegan-riendly.
I am not suggesting that you throw away all your paints and art supplies and replace them all at once. But when you inish your next watercolour tube or your current paper pad, perhaps you can think about how you choose to replace it. I hope that this inormation will help you select the best-quality art materials while ollowing your choice o ethical liestyle.
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WORKING SPACE Te irst ting to do wen embarking on your artistic endeavours is to set up a working space tat is practica, inspiring and tat reects your personaity.
My painting desk is installed in a bay window that aces west. By setting up a potter’s stand in ront o the right window, I allow the main light source to come rom the let, lowing through the let and main ront windows. I have set up a bird eeder in theMagnolia grandiflorathat grows outside the window, so I always have many eathered companions to keep me entertained while I work. It can be maddeningly distracting but never ails to lit my spirits. The sparrows are especially bossy, landing on the window rame and staring at me until I give in and ill the eeder. It never takes more than a couple o minutes – and I suspect mind control. I don’t work well in artiicial light, so this setup also ensures I have plenty o natural light to work with. It also means that my painting days are longer in the Summer than in the Winter.
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PAINTING FROM LIFE Wenever possibe, try to work rom rea owers and ruit rater tan rom potograps. Potograps are cod and at, wic can make it diicut to inject ie into a painting. A ive subject wi insti your work wit its vitaity.
I ind that working rom live subjects is a lot more inspiring than working rom photographs. Apart rom the act that photographs never show the true colours o lowers, I need to be able to touch the subjects, eel their textures, see their colours with my own eyes and smell their perume. You can learn a lot about the top o a lea i you are able to turn it over and see what is happening on the underside. You can ind out which colour to use as the base or a petal by checking what colour it is on the reverse side. In addition, I don’t wish my paintings to look like photographs: I want them to look like paintings. I ind this easier to achieve when the subject is right there in ront o me. Get to know your subjects, talk to them, and they will in turn talk to you, giving you inspiration and inusing your work with lie.
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Papers
DRAWING KIT
Cartridge paperI use Fabriano cartridge paper, in diferent weights and sizes. I like their White Ecological Artist Paper, which is sustainably produced using hydro-power and is 00 per cent recycled.
Tracing paper and Tracedown transfer paperI use tracing paper to trace my sketches and transer them to the watercolour paper. The lighter the weight, the better. To transer, I use a red coloured pencil with Tracedown transer paper, which is similar to carbon paper but grease- and wax-ree. This method allows me to be as loose and messy as I need to be, as the inished transerred drawing will always be immaculate regardless o what happened in the sketchbook.
Sketcbooks I love sketchbooks. Rather than having piles o unrelated sketches in various drawers, I like the way a sketchbook tells a story. When I draw in a sketchbook, I tend to write notes not directly related to my subject, like what the birds are doing outside the window, or which music I am listening to while drawing. Reading these years later brings back memories that would otherwise be orgotten. My avourites sketchbooks are the Atoma system and the Frisk laylat sketchpad (shown right). The Atoma is a clever system that allows any kind o paper to be perorated and added to a ring-binding system, whatever the weight. This means I can add watercolour paper as well as cartridge paper to the binding. The pages can be removed, repositioned and added multiple times. The covers are bought separately and come in card as well as washable ‘vegan leather’ paper. The Frisk pad is very handy when taking my drawing kit on trips. The A4 ormat (297 x 20mm¼ x ½in) lays lat to become A3 (297 x 420mm¾ x 6½in). The paper is white and smooth and the 290gsm (3lb) weight takes a light wash.
Pencis I preer mechanical pencils to traditional ones because I don’t like to break the low o drawing with the need to sharpen. I use mechanical and clutch pencils made o wood with a metallic mechanism to avoid using plastic. I have a 2mm 2B that I use or the initial loose drawing and a 0.mm B that I use to reine the drawing once I have the main lines. I sometimes also use a Derwent Dark Wash sketching pencil or quick tone studies (shown opposite, next to the red pencil).
Erasers My main eraser is a Fabriano rubber eraser and I also use a putty eraser to lit of excess graphite i the transer paper gets too heavy.
Geometry equipment I like to have a ruler and even sometimes a pair o compasses to work out my composition. They help to keep things balanced and within the right shapes without the need or measuring everything, which again helps with keeping the drawing loose. For the ‘Holly Star’ tutorial (see pages 64–69), I also used a protractor to calculate the positions o the ive branches o the star.