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408 pages

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Choosing a name for your child has never been easier The Penguin Book of Hindu Names has sold over 50,000 copies since it was published almost a decade ago. The product of several years of research, it is an exhaustive and user-friendly compilation, with information on sources and usage. For the first time, this classic work is available in a two-volume set, divided into names for boys and those for girls, making it more accessible. Including modern names and those which are popular, The Penguin Book of Hindu Names for Boys serves as a practical guide for choosing the perfect name for your son. It is also a precise and invaluable sourcebook for scholars and lay readers alike who would like to know what familiar (and not so familiar) Hindu names actually mean.

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Hinduism

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Publié par	Penguin Books Ltd
Date de parution	16 octobre 2004
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9788184758368
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	2 Mo

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MANEKA GANDHI
The Penguin Book of Hindu Names for Boys
PENGUIN BOOKS
Contents
About the Author
Dedication
Introduction
Guide to the Use of the Book
A
B
C
D
E
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
R
S
T
U
V
Y
List of the Sources
Copyright Page
PENGUIN BOOKS
THE PENGUIN BOOK OF HINDU NAMES FOR BOYS
Maneka Gandhi was born on 26 August 1956 and was educated at Lawrence School, Sanawar. She was a magazine editor and columnist before she embarked on a career in politics. She was elected to Parliament in November 1989 and was later appointed Minister of State for Environment and Forests, a post she held till June 1991.
Maneka Gandhi has written three books, Sanjay Gandhi, Brahma s Hair (a book on the mythology of Indian plants) and Boulababa . Her special interests include Indian mythology, animal welfare (she is the Managing Trustee of the Ruth Cowell Foundation, which runs the Sanjay Gandhi Animal Welfare Centre, India s largest animal hospital and shelter) and issues related to environmental conservation.
She lives in Delhi with her son, Feroze Varun.
To Aaryaman, the reason for this book
Introduction
This book started with the realization that I did not know the meaning of my name. All I knew was that Menaka (I spell it Maneka) was the name of an apsara in the court of Indra. No one I had encountered knew the meaning of their names either. Like me, they had been named after historical or mythological people. I hunted for a book, but while the libraries are full of information about the gods, I did not come across one book in India which gave the meaning of the name. What does Sarasvati mean? No, not learning even though she is the goddess of that, but full of water . Chandrashekhar does not mean Shiva but one who bears the moon on his forehead. I waited for someone to write a book but the two that emerged listed Menaka as apsara . When my sister announced that a baby was on the way, I decided to compile the dictionary myself.
The Vedic rishis believed that the name defined the child s character--its face, figure, temper, morals, tastes and profession. The name Anamika or without a name for instance, would ensure that the child s future was what she wanted to make it--since she was not hedged in by any preordained limitations. Most of us look for phonetically pleasing names without realizing their significance. But Minna means fat and Ambika means little mother , Sita means furrow , Mina means fish and Draupadi has no meaning other than daughter of Drupada . A number of names which are very common do not have any meaning at all. Anita, Lina, Rina and Tina for instance, come from languages other than Indian. If Roma is of Indian origin it means hairy ! The Phul, Sona and Pyar family (Phulvati, Phulrani, Sonalika, Soriam, Pyari) have no roots in Sanskrit, Pali or any of the classical Indian languages. Rishma and Rashmini simply do not exist. Malvika is a combination name that has no meaning. (There is however a plant of the Ipomoea family called Malvika.) My mother s name Amteshwar is a corruption of, I think, Amritesvara or lord of the amrita. Alternatively it has no meaning at all Names like Bina are distortions of Vina (the musical instrument), Bihari is not from Bihar, for instance, but from Vihari or roamer. I have left out the local versions of the classical name (Poonam comes from Purnima, Rakhi from Rakshaka, for instance) or the local diminutives or corruptions (e.g. Lacchman or Lakha for Lakshman, Upinder for Upendra, Vanti for Vati). The only exception I have made is for Rima which is a corruption of Hrim--since this happened to be my copy editor s name!
A lot of the names in India are combination names. Two primary names (usually of two gods or of a god and goddess) taken and made into one. For instance Ramakrishna or Radheshyam and in some cases, the conjoining of two gods produces an entirely new deity. I have tried to give as many combinations as possible, especially where there is a historical or mythological person with that compound. However the compounds can be infinite--and a lot of distortion of the primary names takes place in the mixture. Punjab is full of Gurveens, Tarveens, Harleens, Hargurbirinders and Harkirats. Some combinations are unique to certain regions in the country. The suffixes of Jit, Mita and Inder/Indra to the main name are usually from Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan. Swamy, Appa, Amma show Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. The nagas or serpents who formed such an integral part of pre-Vedic and Vedic mythology are now confined to south and east India--e.g. Seshan, Nagabhushan, Phenamani. Even Manasa, the goddess of serpents, is a name far more common in Bengal than anywhere else in India.
The entries in this dictionary have been designed so that each entry is divided into three categories:
1. The exact or literal meaning. For instance Menaka means daughter of Mena .
2. The intended meaning or rather, the meaning of the meaning. Menaka s intended meaning is of the mountains because, in Indian mythology, Mena is the consort of Himavan who is the lord of the Himalayas.
3. This is divided into two sub-categories. The first is the locating of the name in mythology, history, literature, botany or ornithology. If the name denotes a person out of mythology, history or literature I have tried to give the name of the mythological consort, the children and the name of the dynasty, as well as the names of Sanskrit Vedic commentators, grammarians and playwrights. I have included the names that come from plants, trees, birds and animals along with their Latin and English names.
The last sub-category is another name for-- . In Menaka s case, it is another name for Parvati as Parvati was born a daughter of Himavan in her incarnation as Uma. (The name Parvati also means of the mountains.)
I have read the Mahabharata , the Ramayana , the Kathasaritsagara , the Panchatantra , the listings of all the Vedas and Upanishads, books on Sanskrit plants and birds, the catalogues that list the thousand names of each major god, Vedic and Puranic encyclopaedias and the Buddhist and Jaina mythologies and histories and, of course, Sanskrit dictionaries to unearth the meanings of the names in this book. Very often the meaning of the name sounds bizarre unless one knows the context. Aparna which is another name for Parvati in her incarnation as Himavan s daughter means leafless . This is explained by the legend of Parvati fasting to marry Shiva.
One result of this search has been new and unexpected perceptions into the traditional Indian way of life. For instance, what is truth? Or again, what is right and what is wrong? Jaya and Vijaya were the two door-keepers of Vishnu s palace in Vaikuntha. One day they were cursed by Lakshmi to be reborn on the earth as mortals. Vishnu modified the curse on his two devoted servants by saying that if they were killed thrice by him, they could come back to Vaikuntha. Jaya and Vijaya chose to be reborn as the most evil (or what we define as evil within the parameters of morality set by our religion) asuras or anti-gods Hiranyakha and Hiranyakashipu, Ravana and Kumbhakarna, Shisupala and Dantavaktra so that their deaths at the hands of Vishnu--in his incarnation of Narasimha, Rama and Krishna--became quick and inevitable. So were these asuras good or bad? It was inevitable that Sita be separated from Rama for she had imprisoned a pregnant female parrot and had been cursed by the consort of the parrot to suffer the same fate. So, is Rama to be blamed for listening to the jibes of a washerman or was his action inevitable? Krishna means dark or black and Arjuna fair or white. They are reborn from Nara and Narayana or man and superman/god. Do they represent people or the Eastern philosophy of yin and yang, two opposites that fuse to complete? I find my attitude towards people and current affairs, goals and achievements, and even the pursuit of happiness or rather the diminishing of pain has changed with the unfolding of the history of each mythological character.
I would like to thank all the people who helped me in the preparation of this book. The friends who brought in the odd name in the beginning, those who pitched in to type the manuscript over and over again, the pandits and Sanskrit teachers who corrected my mistakes, the editors at Penguin who put the work into order and spent hours proof-reading and inserting new words till the last minute. I have used the Sanskrit classical style of spelling with diacritical marks, to help in the correct pronunciation of the names.
New Delhi
Maneka Gandhi
Guide to the Use of the Book
How to Read an Entry
1. All Sanskrit words are marked (S).
2. Genders are differentiated as follows-(M) denotes male.
3. The definition of each name is listed in a numbered sequence in the following order: the subdivision marked 1 gives the literal meaning; 2 is the implied or intended meaning and 3 places the name in its specific mythological/literary/botanical context. Some entries do not feature all the subdivisions as these are not required.
4. All books and scriptures referred to in abbreviated form in the entries are expanded in full at the end of the book.
Pronunciation

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f a ther

-
eagle/pol i ce

-
r u de

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mer r ily

-
ki n g

-
ch ick
h
-
ch hota

-
si n ge

-
t omato
h
-
ant h ill

-
d rum
h
-
re dh aied

-
no n e

-
s ure

-
sh un
or
-
nasal sound
A
Ab dhya (S) (M) 1. not to be opposed. 2. invincible; ever victorious.
Abala (S) (M) 1. powerless. 2. weak. 3. a son of P n aja ya (g M. Bh. ).
Ab lendu (S) (M) 1. not the nascent moon. 2. the full moon.
Abdhi ayana (S) (M) 1. sleeping on the ocean. 2. another name for Vi u.
bh sa (S) (M) splendour; light; colour; reflection.
bh svara (S) (M) 1. shining one. 3. a class of 64 minor deities who are attendants of iva ( . Pur a ).
bh ta (S) (M) 1. shining; blazing. 2. appear