Summary of Timothy Snyder's The Road to Unfreedom , livre ebook

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34 pages

English

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Please note: This is a companion version & not the original book.
Sample Book Insights:
#1 The politics of inevitability is the idea that there are no alternatives. To accept this is to deny individual responsibility for seeing history and making change. It leads to economic inequality that undermines belief in progress, and as social mobility ceases, inevitability gives way to eternity.
#2 After the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, American politicians proclaimed the end of history, while some Russians sought new authorities in an imperial past. When founded in 1922, the Soviet Union inherited most of the territory of the Russian Empire.
#3 The Russian political class followed Putin’s example, and his propaganda master Vladislav Surkov adapted Ilyin’s ideas to the world of modern media. Ilyin’s name was on the lips of the leaders of the fake opposition parties, the communists and the far-Right Liberal Democrats, who played a part in creating the simulacrum of democracy.
#4 Ilyin was a Russian philosopher who believed in the politics of the world to come. He was impressed by Adolf Hitler, and saw the Nazi leader as a defender of civilization from Bolshevism.

Sujets

Politique

General

General officer

Political Science

International Relations

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Publié par	Everest Media LLC
Date de parution	04 mai 2022
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9781669382898
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	1 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0000€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

Extrait

Insights on Timothy Snyder's The Road to Unfreedom
Contents Insights from Chapter 1 Insights from Chapter 2 Insights from Chapter 3 Insights from Chapter 4 Insights from Chapter 5 Insights from Chapter 6
Insights from Chapter 1

#1

The politics of inevitability is the idea that there are no alternatives. To accept this is to deny individual responsibility for seeing history and making change. It leads to economic inequality that undermines belief in progress, and as social mobility ceases, inevitability gives way to eternity.

#2

After the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, American politicians proclaimed the end of history, while some Russians sought new authorities in an imperial past. When founded in 1922, the Soviet Union inherited most of the territory of the Russian Empire.

#3

The Russian political class followed Putin’s example, and his propaganda master Vladislav Surkov adapted Ilyin’s ideas to the world of modern media. Ilyin’s name was on the lips of the leaders of the fake opposition parties, the communists and the far-Right Liberal Democrats, who played a part in creating the simulacrum of democracy.

#4

Ilyin was a Russian philosopher who believed in the politics of the world to come. He was impressed by Adolf Hitler, and saw the Nazi leader as a defender of civilization from Bolshevism.

#5

The idea of eternity politics is that the only good is what exists within us, and the only policy is to protect that innocence regardless of the costs. It begins by making an exception for itself.

#6

The philosopher Ivan Ilyin believed that Russia was an organism of nature and the soul, and that its purity was more important than anything Russians had done. He believed that Soviet power concentrated all of the Satanic energy of factuality and passion in one place, and yet he argued that the triumph of communism showed that Russia was more rather than less innocent.

#7

Ilyin turned Christian ideas of sacrifice and redemption towards new purposes, turning against legal reform and announcing that politics must follow the caprice of a single ruler.

#8

The world was sinful and God was absent, so Russians needed a redeemer to emerge from some uncorrupted realm beyond history. The redeemer suppressed factuality, directed passion, and generated myth by ordering a violent attack upon a chosen enemy.

#9

Ilyin attempted to create a Russian political system, but could never figure out how to overcome the conundrum of institutions. He treated the personality of the redeemer as an institution, and envisioned society as a corporate structure where every person and group had a defined place.

#10

The Russian state was designed to serve the interests of the wealthy few, and it was convenient for an emerging oligarchy to use a fascist idea to justify their rule.

#11

Russian kleptocrats were raised on the same style of thinking as Ilyin, and they found it quite comfortable. To them, the idea that something called Spirit was emerging over time through the conflicts of history was appealing, because it suggested that catastrophe was an indication of progress.

#12

Vladimir Lenin, the most important Marxist, led a revolution in the name of the philosophy. He believed that a disciplined elite had the right to push history forward. Like Ilyin, he thought that Russia needed a philosophical elite to define ends and means.

#13

After the Second World War, the Soviet Union justified millions of deaths by starvation and another million or so by execution. The Soviet communism was a politics of inevitability that yielded to a politics of eternity.

#14

The politics of eternity, which is the centralization of production under communism, the ideas of Russian economists, and the greed of Russia’s leaders, cannot be built on Ilyin’s concepts. But they can still be used to justify radical inequality at home and change the subject of politics from reform to innocence.

#15

The virtue of individualism becomes visible during the throes of our moment. It is the ability to see that there are many good things in the world, and that politics involves responsible consideration and choice rather than a vision of totality.
Insights from Chapter 2

#1

The Soviet Union, which expelled Ilyin and educated Putin, had a troubled relationship with time. It lacked a succession principle and lasted only sixty-nine years. The Bolsheviks were not concerned about succession because they believed that they were beginning a global revolution, not creating a state.

#2

After the Bolshevik Revolution, the Soviet Union was able to establish an outer empire of replicate regimes on or near its western frontier: Poland, Romania, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria. It also reincorporated Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, the three Baltic states it initially annexed thanks to Stalin’s alliance with Hitler.

#3

The October Revolution promised an imaginary world in which all men would be brothers. The Great Fatherland War myth invoked an eternal return of fascists from the West who would always seek to destroy the Soviet Union.

#4

The Soviet Union fell apart in 1991, and Russia was established as a constitutional republic. On paper, Russia had a succession principle. But in reality, elections were just fictions that allowed a transition of power from Boris Yeltsin to Vladimir Putin.

#5

Democracy never took hold in Russia, as power remained in the hands of the wealthy few around Yeltsin.

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Summary of Timothy Snyder's The Road to Unfreedom , livre ebook

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