Governance and the postcolony , livre ebook

WITS University Press - Babalwa Magoqwana , Rebecca Pointer , Nomalanga Mkhize , Darlene Miller , Jody Cedras , Kirti Menon , Chelete Monyane , William Gumede , Mike Muller , Susan Booysen , Bongiwe Ngcobo Mphahlele , Anthoni Nieuwkerk , Caryn Abrahams , Patrick Bond , Pundy Pillay , Salim Latib , David Everatt

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Civil society, NGOs, governments, and multilateral institutions all repeatedly call for improved or ‘good’ governance – yet they seem to speak past one another. Governance is in danger of losing all meaning precisely because it means many things to different people in varied locations.

This is especially true in sub-Saharan Africa. Here, the postcolony takes many forms, reflecting the imperial project with painful accuracy. Offering a set of multidisciplinary analyses of governance in different sectors (crisis management, water, food security, universities), in different locales across sub-Saharan Africa, and from different theoretical approaches (network to adversarial network governance); this volume makes a useful addition to the growing debates on ‘how to govern’. It steers away from offering a ‘correct’ definition of governance, or from promoting a particular position on postcoloniality. It gives no neat conclusion, but invites readers to draw their own conclusions based on these differing approaches to and analyses of governance in the postcolony.

As a robust, critical assessment of power and accountability in the sub-Saharan context, this collection brings together topical case studies that will be a valuable resource for those working in the field of African international relations, public policy, public management and administration.

Figures and tables

Abbreviations and acronyms

Introduction: Governance in the Postcolony: Time for a rethink? – David Everatt

Part I: Governance in sub-Saharan Africa in theory and practice

Chapter 1 Governance in Africa: Notes towards a resurrection – David Everatt

Chapter 2 African Shared Values in Governance for Integration: Progress and prospects – Salim Latib

Chapter 3 Governance and Human Development in sub-Saharan Africa – Pundy Pillay

Chapter 4 South African Foreign Policy and Global Governance: Conflict from above and below – Patrick Bond

Chapter 5 Governing Urban Food Systems: Lessons from Lusaka, Zambia – Caryn Abrahams

Chapter 6 African Crisis Leadership: Case study from West Africa – Anthoni van Nieuwkerk and Bongiwe Ngcobo Mphahlele

Chapter 7 Public Policymaking through Adversarial Network Governance in South Africa – Susan Booysen

Part II: Sectors and locations

Chapter 8 Governance versus Government: As reflected in water management – Mike Muller

Chapter 9 Broken Corporate Governance: South Africa’s municipal state-owned entities and agencies – William Gumede

Chapter 10 Law and Governance: Has the South African judiciary overstepped its oversight mandate? – Chelete Monyane

Chapter 11 Factoring in the ‘Real World’: Governance of public higher education in South Africa – Kirti Menon and Jody Cedras

Chapter 12 Decolonisation of South African University Spaces: Case study of the Green Leadership Schools – Darlene Miller, Nomalanga Mkhize, Rebecca Pointer and Babalwa Magoqwana

Chapter 13 Low-hanging Fruit or Deep-seated Transformation? Quality of life and governance in Gauteng, South Africa – David Everatt

Contributors

Index

Sujets

Political Science

General officer

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Publié par	WITS University Press
Date de parution	01 août 2019
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9781776143467
Langue	English

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,1300€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

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GOVERNANCE AND THE POSTCOLONY
GOVERNANCE AND THE POSTCOLONY
VIEWS FROM AFRICA
EDITED BY DAVID EVERATT
Published in South Africa by:
Wits University Press
1 Jan Smuts Avenue
Johannesburg 2001
www.witspress.co.za
Compilation © Editor 2019
Chapters © Individual contributors 2019
Published edition © Wits University Press 2019
Images and figures © Copyright holders
First published 2019
http://dx.doi.org.10.18772/22019083443
978-1-77614-344-3 (Paperback)
978-1-77614-345-0 (Web PDF)
978-1-77614-346-7 (EPUB)
978-1-77614-347-4 (Mobi)
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the written permission of the publisher, except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act, Act 98 of 1978.
All images remain the property of the copyright holders. The publishers gratefully acknowledge the publishers, institutions and individuals referenced in captions for the use of images. Every effort has been made to locate the original copyright holders of the images reproduced here; please contact Wits University Press in case of any omissions or errors.
Project manager: Catherine Damerell
Copyeditor: Catherine Damerell
Proofreader: Lisa Compton
Indexer: Marlene Burger
Cover design: Hothouse
Typesetter: Newgen
Typeset in 10 point Minion Pro
CONTENTS
FIGURES AND TABLES
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
INTRODUCTION Governance in the Postcolony: Time for a rethink? — David Everatt
PART I GOVERNANCE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA IN THEORY AND PRACTICE
CHAPTER 1 Governance: Notes towards a resurrection — David Everatt
CHAPTER 2 African Shared Values in Governance for Integration: Progress and prospects — Salim Latib
CHAPTER 3 Governance and Human Development in Sub-Saharan Africa — Pundy Pillay
CHAPTER 4 South African Foreign Policy and Global Governance: Conflict from above and below — Patrick Bond
CHAPTER 5 Governing Urban Food Systems: Lessons from Lusaka, Zambia — Caryn Abrahams
CHAPTER 6 African Crisis Leadership: A West African case study — Anthoni van Nieuwkerk and Bongiwe Ngcobo Mphahlele
CHAPTER 7 Public Policymaking through Adversarial Network Governance in South Africa — Susan Booysen
PART II SECTORS AND LOCATIONS
CHAPTER 8 Governance versus Government: As reflected in water management — Mike Muller
CHAPTER 9 Broken Corporate Governance: South Africa’s municipal state-owned entities and agencies — William Gumede
CHAPTER 10 Law and Governance: Has the South African judiciary overstepped its oversight mandate? — Chelete Monyane
CHAPTER 11 Factoring in the ‘Real World’: Governance of public higher education in South Africa — Kirti Menon and Jody Cedras
CHAPTER 12 Decolonisation and Governance at South African Universities: Case study of the Green Leadership Schools — Darlene Miller, Nomalanga Mkhize, Rebecca Pointer and Babalwa Magoqwana
CHAPTER 13 Low-hanging Fruit or Deep-seated Transformation? Quality of life and governance in Gauteng, South Africa — David Everatt
CONTRIBUTORS
INDEX
FIGURES AND TABLES
CHAPTER 2
Table 2.1 : African Union (AU) governance instruments
Table 2.2 : Adoption and ratification of African Union (AU) governance instruments
CHAPTER 3
Table 3.1 : Dimensions of governance according to various institutions
Table 3.2 : Governance vs management
Table 3.3 : Categories of sustainable human development by country – Africa 2014
Table 3.4 : HDI rankings 2014
CHAPTER 6
Table 6.1 : Economic cost of the epidemic
Figure 6.1 : The Ebola crisis in West Africa: Timeline
CHAPTER 7
Table 7.1 : Comparison of actors in adversarial governance networks – roles in relation to policy issue
Table 7.2 : Comparison of governance through three policy networks
CHAPTER 11
Figure 11.1 : Proportion of income sources for universities in 2010
CHAPTER 13
Table 13.1 : Objective and subjective indicators used to construct the Quality of Life index
Figure 13.1 : Histogram of Quality of Life scores 2013
Figure 13.2 : Scores for all dimensions of Quality of Life surveys 2009, 2011 and 2013
Figure 13.3 : Quality of Life by municipality 2009, 2011 and 2013
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ANC African National Congress ANCYL African National Congress Youth League APSA African Peace and Security Architecture APRM African Peer Review Mechanism AU African Union BLF Black First Land First BRICS Brazil-Russia-India-China-South Africa network CCSA Constitutional Court of South Africa CoGTA (Department of) Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs Cope Congress of the People Cosas Congress of South African Students Cosatu Congress of South African Trade Unions DA Democratic Alliance ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States EFF Economic Freedom Fighters EVD Ebola virus disease GCRO Gauteng City-Region Observatory GDP gross domestic product GLS Green Leadership Schools Gear Growth, Employment and Redistribution HDI Human Development Index IDP Integrated Development Plan ILO International Labour Organization IMF International Monetary Fund MDG Millennium Development Goals MP member of parliament NCOP National Council of Provinces NDP National Development Plan NEPAD New Partnership for Africa’s Development NGO non-governmental organisation NIE new institutional economics NMF Nelson Mandela Foundation NSFAS National Student Financial Aid Scheme OAU Organisation of African Unity OECD Organisation for Economic Development and Cooperation Outa Opposition to Urban Tolling Alliance PAC Pan Africanist Congress of Azania PAP Pan-African Parliament PHEIC Public Health Emergency of International Concern Posib Protection of State Information Bill PPP purchasing power parity RDP Reconstruction and Development Programme REC regional economic community RM regional mechanism SACP South African Communist Party Sadtu South African Democratic Teachers Union SALGA South African Local Government Association Sanral South African National Roads Agency (SOC) Limited SCA Supreme Court of Appeal SHD sustainable human development TAC Treatment Action Campaign UN United Nations UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization WAHO West African Health Organization WCED World Commission on Environment and Development WHO World Health Organization
INTRODUCTION
Governance in the Postcolony: Time for a rethink?
David Everatt
POWER, CONTEXT AND APPLICATION
N otions of governance have spread globally across disciplines and sectors like an ugly but undiagnosed rash: governance pops up everywhere but is commonly undefined, and while content (or diagnosis) is assumed, it is rarely articulated. These notions range from theories such as network governance, regulatory governance, multi-level governance, adaptive governance, and so on, to sector-specific applications including internet governance, multiple iterations of corporate governance, humanitarian governance, non-profit governance, and more. But too often it is a label, almost an incantation, without substantive definition or clarity. It may be that multiple applications are an attempt to provide content to a ‘catch-all’ category, but then the challenges of context, power and application all apply. Seen from the global south, governance is most commonly applied as a simplistic, normative imposition; its tools are in place to decide on reward and punishment, flowing from a narrow, a-contextual and ahistorical application. It is used to delineate the good from the bad, to call to order, or to call for order and rules (to be written or to be obeyed). The problem is not the lack of a single, ‘perfect’ definition – although some greater definitional precision would certainly help – but the failure to locate governance in relation to power, context and application.
When governance is analysed in relation to power, context and application, it is not reducible merely to citing (in)efficiency in delivering services. Rather, it talks to fairness and transparency when power is exercised, and the creation of meaningful space for all relevant actors (uneven in many respects – membership, organisational coherence, and so on) to influence wherever power is located and the point at which it is exercised. It does so locally and globally.
The key issue is power. Governance is only rarely articulated explicitly in terms of and in relation to power, and the more prevalent this silence becomes, combined with the endless calls for ‘good governance’, the less value the term connotes or contains. Governance is ultimately concerned with the contestation between stakeholders wherever power is being exercised. Precisely because power is at stake, the rules of the game need to be clear, fair and known to all; sites of decision-making need to be transparent and accessible to all relevant players; and the similarly repeated-unto-death ‘level playing fields’ are non-negotiable. The chapters in this volume investigate how often or how rarely such conditions prevail.
In highly unequal global and local contexts, rule-based contestation is to be expected and welcomed – if the rules are fair, and the match is not rigged. It is in this space that governance operates. However, seen from the postcolony, precisely because it lays bare the unfairness of the rules, it is discomfiting. Governance is inseparable from context but is frequently an agenda-loaded tool used by the global north to rig fights and ensure victory. This is exactly why dislocating governance from the context, and the localised use and abuse of power, is so dangerous – and so common. Thinking contextually does not remove other key aspects of governance: the need for mature political and social institutions, democratic elections, the rule of law, and so on. Instead, it locates these in a global historical context of power relations. In the postcolony, these institutions and