Fatigue Code of Practice Draft for Public Comment

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HEAVY VEHICLE DRIVER FATIGUE:DRAFT FATIGUE CODE OF PRACTICEJuly 2003Prepared byBryan Bottomley and Associates forNational Road Transport CommissionNational Road Transport CommissionHeavy Vehicle Driver Fatigue: Draft Fatigue Code of Practice – June 2003Report Prepared by: Bryan Bottomley and Associates for the NRTCISBN:REPORT OUTLINEDate: July 2003ISBN:Title: Heavy Vehicle Driver Fatigue: Draft Code of PracticeAddress: National Road Transport CommissionLevel 5/326 William StreetMELBOURNE VIC 3000E-mail: nrtc@nrtc.gov.auWebsite: www.nrtc.gov.auType of report: Draft Code of PracticeObjectives: To obtain input to the development of a Code ofPractice to provide guidelines for the management offatigue in drivers of heavy vehiclesNRTC Programs: Road Safety; Fatigue ReviewKey Milestones: Decision by Transport Ministers: late 2003Abstract: Heavy vehicle driver fatigue is a safety issue. TheCode of Practice provides guidelines on howoperators and drivers can manage fatigue risksPurpose: For commentKey words: Heavy vehicles, fatigue, code of practiceComments by: 29 August 2003Comments to be addressed to:Chief ExecutiveNational Road Transport CommissionPO Box 13105LAW COURTS VIC 8010FOREWORDFatigue is an important health and safety issue for heavy vehicle drivers and other roadusers:• surveys indicate that the experience of fatigue (and fatigue impairment) while drivingis a regular part of the work experience of many drivers;• heavy ...

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Publié par	Miching
Nombre de lectures	24
Langue	Slovak

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HEAVY VEHICLE DRIVER FATIGUE: DRAFT FATIGUE CODE OF PRACTICE

July 2003

Prepared by Bryan Bottomley and Associates for National Road Transport Commission

National Road Transport Commission

Heavy Vehicle Driver Fatigue: Draft Fatigue Code of Practice  June 2003

Report Prepared by:

ISBN:

Bryan Bottomley and Associates for the NRTC

Date: ISBN: Title: Address:

Type of report: Objectives: NRTC Programs: Key Milestones: Abstract: Purpose: Key words: Comments by: Comments to be addressed to:

REPORT OUTLINE

July 2003

Heavy Vehicle Driver Fatigue: Draft Code of Practice National Road Transport Commission Level 5/326 William Street MELBOURNE VIC 3000 E-mail:nrtc@nrtc.gov.au Website:www.nrtc.gov.au Draft Code of Practice To obtain input to the development of a Code of Practice to provide guidelines for the management of fatigue in drivers of heavy vehicles Road Safety; Fatigue Review Decision by Transport Ministers: late 2003 Heavy vehicle driver fatigue is a safety issue. The Code of Practice provides guidelines on how operators and drivers can manage fatigue risks For comment Heavy vehicles, fatigue, code of practice 29 August 2003 Chief Executive National Road Transport Commission PO Box 13105 LAW COURTS VIC 8010

FOREWORD

Fatigue is an important health and safety issue for heavy vehicle drivers and other road users: •surveys indicate that the experience of fatigue (and fatigue impairment) while driving is a regular part of the work experience of many drivers; •heavy vehicle driver fatigue is an important factor in crashes involving driver fatalities and injuries; and •of time on the road and the consequencesheavy vehicle drivers spend a large amount of heavy vehicle accidents are highly visible. The regulatory regime that governs the hours of work and rest for drivers of heavy vehicles (vehicles having a GVM of 12 tonnes or over and buses with 12 or more seats) is currently being reviewed by the NRTC. The development of a Fatigue Code of Practice flows from the regulatory review. It is proposed to insert into road transport regulations covering heavy vehicle driver fatigue a duty to manage fatigue. The purpose of the Fatigue Code of Practice is to provide advice on meeting that duty. The development of the draft code has been funded by occupational health and safety agencies, following a decision by Workplace Relations Ministerial Council to support the fatigue review being undertaken by the NRTC under the auspices of the Australian Transport Council. In addition to providing a guide to meeting a proposed road transport duty of care to manage fatigue, the fatigue code will be available for application by OHS agencies under OHS duties to provide safe and healthy workplaces. The need for change in regulatory policy towards heavy vehicle driver fatigue has been driven by a number of factors. The rationale for the introduction of prescribed driving hours is obscure and believed to be based in the need to address industrial relations issues rather than as a fatigue management tool. From a road safety perspective it has little scientific backing as a means for improving road safety. In concentrating mainly on hours of work it possibly encourages poor practices, for example creating a culture of working to the permitted level of the hours and not paying due regard to other risk factors inherent in specific operations. In addition research into the risks associated with fatigue has progressed, particularly in respect of three key precursors accumulated sleep deficit, circadian rhythms and time on task and the cumulative effect of combining these risk factors. The deficiencies identified in the current approach include: •lack of flexibility; •encouragement of focus on hours of driving and work, rather than on other aspects of fatigue causation; •no recognition of time of day effects; •cumbersome record keeping requirements that are open to abuse; •regulatory focus on drivers, rather than other responsible parties in the transport chain; •enforcement difficulty; and •low compliance levels.

The NRTC has developed a proposed new regulatory regime. The proposed regime will be considered by Transport Ministers in late 2003. In developing the regulatory proposal the key outcomes sought by the NRTC are to: •achieve improvements in road safety; •achieve improvements in transport productivity; •facilitate the implementation of policies and practices that will assist in the management of fatigue in drivers of heavy vehicles; and •achieve a consistent approach with OHS legislation in managing fatigue in the road transport industry. Of primary importance is the need to address the primary causes of fatigue with the focus being the provision of the opportunity for rest rather than on hours of work. Key design principles developed by a Fatigue Reference Group were used as the basis for the proposal. The design principles focus on: •minimum sleep periods, opportunity for sleep and time of day influences; •cumulative nature of fatigue and sleep loss; •fatigue risk associated with night work; •duration of working time; and •role of short breaks. The regulatory proposal is an integrated package of measures that seeks to: •current prescription of work and rest requirements;remove anomalies in the •better address the factors which cause fatigue; •strengthen the obligations of parties in the transport chain whose decisions may influence fatigue outcomes; •provide guidance and education about fatigue management to parties in the transport chain; and •increase compliance through more effective enforcement, targeted offences, sanctions and record keeping requirements. The focus has been on creating the opportunity for sleep, shifting the emphasis for fatigue management to management practices and control over fatigue precursors and achieving consistency with an OHS approach to such issues. A key component of the proposed regime is the imposition of a general duty to manage fatigue to minimise road safety risk. The general duty will operate in the same way as general duties under OHS legislation and apply to all parties in the logistic chain. The Fatigue Code of Practice is being developed independent of the proposed regulatory regime. The current road transport regulations do not have a specific legislative requirement to manage fatigue however operators have responsibilities under OHS legislation to provide a safe work place. If Transport Ministers decide to adopt the Code it would serve as a guide to operators on how they could schedule their operations to minimise the risk of fatigue. If Ministers subsequently decided to implement the proposed regulatory regime the Code would not be mandatory but would provide guidance to operators and drivers on how they can meet their obligations under road transport legislation as required by the general duty to manage fatigue.

The Fatigue Review is a key component of the 3rd Heavy Vehicle Reform Package. The aim of the review is to achieve improvements in road safety and transport productivity through the development and implementation of policies and practices to assist in the management of fatigue in drivers of heavy vehicles. A draft policy proposal was released for public comment in September 2002 and is currently being reviewed in the light of comments received for submission to Transport Ministers late in 2003. The full review encompasses: 1.review of the operation of the Transitional Fatigue Management Scheme (TFMS); 2.technical review of theRoad Transport Reform (Driving Hours) Regulations; 3.of the Queensland fatigue management program pilot;evaluation 4.of drivers and operators on operational and fatigue management practices andsurveys experiences of fatigue; 5.report on comparison of fatigue management practices of operators under prescriptive regulation and operators not subject to prescriptive regulation; 6.report of a technical expert group on options for regulatory approaches to managing driver fatigue (Fatigue Expert Group); 7.review of driver fatigue detection and prediction devices (Review of the Research on Impacts of Day and Night Driving);1 8.guidelines for drivers and operators on napping strategies as athe preparation of fatigue management technique; 9.development of national guidelines for rest areas for drivers of heavy vehicles; and 10.investigation of the application of driver specific monitoring devices (electronic logbooks). Items 1 to 7 have been completed and the results used in the development of the proposed regulatory proposal. Draft guidelines on napping strategies as a fatigue management technique (Item 7) and national guidelines for rest areas will be included in the driving hours policy proposal when it is submitted to Ministers. A copy of the draft proposal can be downloaded from the NRTC website or a hard copy is available direct from the NRTC. Comment on this draft Fatigue Code of Practice is welcomed and should be provided to Robert Davenport at the following email address,davenportr@nrtc.gov.auor to the address below no later than 29 August 2003. Mail Comments to: Mr Tony Wilson Chief Executive National Road Transport Commission PO Box 13105 LAW COURTS VIC 8010 Telephone: (03) 9321 8444 Facsimile: (03) 9326 8964 Email:nrtc@nrtc.gov.au Website:www.nrtc.gov.au

1 Buxton et al 2001.

DRAFT NRTC FATIGUE CODE OF PRACTICE

NATIONAL ROAD TRANSPORT COMMISSSION

HEAVY VEHICLE INDUSTRY DRIVER FATIGUE CODE OF PRACTICE

Comment draft

July 2003

Prepared for the NRTC by BRYAN BOTTOMLEY AND ASSOCIATES

DRAFT NRTC FATIGUE CODE OF PRACTICE

TABLE OF CONTENTS PART ONE: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 1 1 FATIGUE IN THE HEAVY VEHICLE INDUSTRY........................................................................................ 1 2 PURPOSE OF THE CODE ....................................................................................................................... 1 3 SCOPE OF THE CODE .......................................................................................................................... 1 4 LEGISLATION ........................................................................................................................................ 2 4.1 ROAD TRANSPORT2................................................................................................................................ 4.2 OCCUPATIONALHEALTH ANDSAFETY....................................................................................................2 4.3 PROPOSED STATUS OF THE CODE..................2.......................................................................................... 4.4 FATIGUE AND THE SUPPLY CHAIN..............................................................................3.............................. 5 COMMON TERMS USED IN THE CODE ................................................................................................ 4 6 SUMMARY OF THE CODE .................................................................................................................... 5 7 WHAT IS FATIGUE? ............................................................................................................................... 6 7.1 WHAT ARE THE FACTORS THAT LEAD TO FATIGUE...........?..................................6....................................... 7.2 KEY POINTS ABOUT FATIGUE...........................................6........................................................................ 8 INITIAL REVIEW OF YOUR OPERATIONS .............................................................................................. 7 9 THE CODE IN SUMMARY FOR TRANSPORT OPERATORS/EMPLOYERS................................................ 8 10 THE CODE IN SUMMARY FOR OWNER DRIVERS ................................................................................. 9 11 THE CODE IN SUMMARY FOR DRIVERS ............................................................................................. 10 PART TWO: IDENTIFYING AND MANAGING FATIGUE HAZARDS................................................................ 11 11.1 CONSULTATION..................................................................................................................11................ 11.2 DOCUMENT YOUR APPROACH.................11............................................................................................ 12 STEP ONE: IDENTIFY FATIGUE HAZARDS............................................................................................ 12 12.1 HOW TO IDENTIFY COMMON FATIGUE HAZARDS....12................................................................................. 12.2 COMMON FATIGUE HAZARDS..........................................................................................................12.... 13 STEP TWO: ASSESS HOW BIG A RISK ANY FATIGUE HAZARDS ARE.................................................. 13 13.1 FATIGUERISKFACTORS.......................................................................................................................13 13.2 FATIGUE ASSESSMENT WORK SHEET................................................................3......1.................................. 13.3 RISK ASSESSMENT GUIDE FOR OPERATORS AND OWNER DRIVERS..............................................................14 14 STEP THREE: CONTROL ANY IDENTIFIED FATIGUE RISKS ................................................................... 15 14.1 DECIDE ON PREVENTION MEASURES15...................................................................................................... 14.2 USE MOST EFFECTIVE MEASURES........................................15.................................................................... 14.3 BASIC PRINCIPLES TO MANAGE FATIGUE................1.5............................................................................... 15 BASIC PRINCIPLES FOR MANAGING FATIGUE ................................................................................. 16 16 LONGER TERM FATIGUE PREVENTION MEASURES ............................................................................ 18 16.1 SCHEDULING AND ROSTERING..............................................18................................................................ 16.2 TRAINING ANDINFORMATION....................................18.......................................................................... 16.3 HEALTH..1.8........................................................................................................................................... 16.4 READINESS FOR WORK........................................................................................................................19 16.5 EQUIPMENT.....1..9................................................................................................................................. 16.6 AMENITIES..........................................................................................................................................91 17 SHORTER TERM FATIGUE PREVENTION MEASURES............................................................................ 20 17.1 SHORT REST BREAKS.....................................................................................................................02........ 17.2 NAPS....................................................................................................20............................................ 17.3 SLEEP AWAY FROM HOME....................................................................................................................02 17.4 FATIGUE ALERTNESS.............................................................................................................................20 18 RESPONDING TO DELAYS AND DISRUPTIONS................................................................................... 21