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Niveau: Supérieur, Doctorat, Bac+8
IMRN International Mathematics Research Notices 2005,No. 43 Geometric Bessel Models for GSp4 andMultiplicity One Sergey Lysenko 1 Introduction 1.1 Classical Bessel models In this paper, which is a sequel to [6], we study Bessel models of representations of GSp4 in the framework of the geometric Langlands program. These models introduced by Novodvorsky and Piatetski-Shapiro, satisfy the following multiplicity one property (see [8]). Set k = Fq and O = k[[t]] ? F = k((t)). Let ˜F be an etale F-algebra with dimF(˜F) = 2 such that k is algebraically closed in ˜F. Write ˜O for the integral closure of O in ˜F. We have two cases: (i) ˜F ?˜ k((t1/2)) (nonsplit case), (ii) ˜F ?˜ F ? F (split case). Write L for ˜O viewed as O-module, it is equipped with a quadratic form s : Sym2 L ? O given by the determinant. Write ? O for the completed module of relative di?erentials of O over k. Set M = L?(L????1 O ). This O-module is equippedwith a symplectic form ?2M? L ? L? ? ??1 O ? ??1 O .

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IMRNInternational Mathematics Research Notices 2005,No. 43
1
Geometric Bessel Models forGSp4and Multiplicity One
Introduction
1.1 Classical Bessel models
Sergey Lysenko
In this paper,which is a sequel to[6],we study Bessel models of representations of GSp4the framework of the geometric Langlands program. These models introducedin by Novodvorsky and Piatetski-Shapiro,satisfy the following multiplicity one property
(see[8]).   Setk=FqandO=k[[t]]F=k((t)). LetFanbeta´eelF-algebra with dimF(F)=2    such thatkis algebraically closed inF. WriteOfor the integral closure ofOinF. We have two cases: (i)Fk((t1/2))(nonsplit case), (ii)FFF(split case). :Sym2O WriteLforOviewed asO-module,it is equipped with a quadratic forms L given by the determinant. WriteOfor the completed module of relative dierentials of Ooverk. SetM=L(LO1). ThisO-module is equipped with a symplectic form2MLLO1O1. SetG=GSp(M),this is a group scheme over SpecO. WritePG for the Siegel parabolic subgroup preserving the Lagrangian submoduleL. Its unipotent radicalUhas a distinguished character
ev:UOSym2LsO
Received 5 January 2005. Revision received 19 May 2005. Communicated by Edward Frenkel.
(1.1)
2658
Sergey Lysenko
(here we viewOas a commutative group scheme over SpecO). Set
R=pP|evpup1=ev(u)foruU.
(1.2)
View GL(L)as a group scheme over SpecOandOas its closed subgroup. Writeαfor the   compositionOGL(L)detO. Fix a sectionORgiven byg(g, α(g)(g)1). Then R=OURis a closed subgroup,and the mapRξO×Osendingtuto(ev(u), t)is a homomorphism of group schemes over SpecO.   ¯ Letbe a prime invertible ink. Fix a characterχ:F/OQand a nontrivial ¯ additive characterψ:kQ. Writeτfor the composition
¯ R(F)ξF×FRes×prk×F/Oψ×χQ.
The Bessel module is the vector space
BMτ=f:G(F)/G(O)Q¯|f(rg)=τ(r)f(g)forrR(F), fis of compact support moduloR(F).
¯ Letχc:F/OQdenote the restriction ofχ. The Hecke algebra Hχc=h:G(O)\G(F)/G(O)Q¯|h(zg)=χc(z)h(g)forzF, his of compact support moduloF
(1.3)
(1.4)
(1.5)
acts on BMτby convolutions. Then BMτisa free module of rank oneover Hχc. In this paper we prove a geometric version of this result. Recall that the ane Grassmannian GrG=G(F)/G(O)can be viewed as an ind-scheme overk. According to “fonctions-faisceaux” philosophy,the space BMτshould have a geometric counterpart. A natural candidate for that would be the category of-adic perverse sheaves on GrGthat change under the action ofR(F)byτ. However,theR(F)-orbits on GrGare infinite-dimensional,and this naive definition does not make sense. The same diculty appears when one tries to define Whittaker categories for any reductive group. In[3]Frenkel,Gaitsgory,and Vilonen have overcome this by replacing the corresponding local statement by its globalization,which admits a geometric counterpart leading to a definition of Whittaker categories with expected properties. We follow the strategy of[3]replacing the above local statement by a global one,which we further geometrize.
1.2 Geometrization
Geometric Bessel Models forGSp4and Multiplicity One
2659
Fix a smooth projective absolutely irreducible curveXoverk. Letπ:XXbe a two-sheeted covering ramified at some eective divisorDπofX(we assumeXsmooth overk). The vector bundleL=πOXis equipped with a quadratic forms:Sym2LOX. Writefor the canonical line bundle onX. SetM=L(L1),it is equipped with a symplectic form
1 2MLL1Ω .
(1.6)
LetGbe the group scheme(overX)of automorphisms ofMpreserving this symplec-tic form up to a multiple. LetPGdenote the Siegel parabolic subgroup preservingL, UPits unipotent radical. ThenUis equipped with a homomorphism of group schemes overX
ev:USym2LsΩ.
(1.7)
LetTbe the functor sending aX-schemeSto the group H0(X×XS,O). ThenTis a group scheme overX,a subgroup of GL(L). Writeαfor the compositionTGL(L)detGm. Set R=pP|evpup1=ev(u)uU.(1.8)   Fix a sectionTRgiven byg(g, α(g)(g)1). ThenR=TURis a closed subgroup, and the mapRξ×Tsendingtuto(ev(u), t)is a homomorphism of group schemes overX.
LetF=k(X),letAbe the adele ring ofF,andOAthe entire adeles. WriteFx for the completion ofFatxXandOxFxfor its ring of integers. Fix a nonramified ¯ characterχ:T(F)\T(A)/T(O)Q. Letτbe the composition R(A)ξ(A)×T(A)r×χQ¯,(1.9) ¯ wherer:(A)Qis given by r(ωx)=ψxtrk(x)/kResωx.(1.10) X FixxX(k). LetYdenote the restricted productG(Fx)/G(Ox)×y=xR(Fy)/R(Oy). LetY(k)be the quotient ofYby the diagonal action ofR(F). Set ¯ BMX,τ=f:YQ|f(rg)=poτr(tr)fm(ogd)forurR(A),(1.11) fis of compact sup loR(A).
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