Apa style citations (american psychological association)

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Updated 2/2/2010 APA Citation Quick Guide University of California Libraries thThis guide will help you format commonly used citations in APA format, 6 edition. This guide was created using the thauthoritative source, the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6 edition. For more help, refer to a copy of the Manual at your local campus library. Citations within the text of the paper or manuscript Source with one author Insert the surname of the author and year of publication at the appropriate point in the text. Cognitive functioning of gifted children begins at an early age (Pearlman, 2002). If the author or year appears in the text, cite only needed information. Pearlman (2002) tested hundreds of elementary school children. Source with two authors Cite both authors every time the reference occurs in the text. The concept of identity has been discussed in literature (Burke & Stets, 2009). Source with three to five authors Cite all authors the first time the reference occurs. In subsequent citations, cite only the last name of the first author followed by et al. First reference within text: Design is integrated with daily life (Shove, Watson, Hand, & Ingram, 2008). Subsequent references: Consumer interests in design have been investigated (Shove et al., 2008). Anonymous source When an author is designated “Anonymous,” include the word Anonymous followed by a comma and the publication date.

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Updated 2/2/2010

APA Citation Quick Guide

University of California Libraries

This guide will help you format commonly used citations in APA format, 6

edition. This guide was created using the

authoritative source, the

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6

edition.

For more help,

refer to a copy of the

Manual

at your local campus library.

Citations within the text of the paper or manuscript

Source with one author

Insert the surname of the author and year of publication at the appropriate point in the text.

Cognitive functioning

of gifted children begins at an early age (Pearlman, 2002).

If the author or year appears in the text, cite only

needed information.

Pearlman (2002) tested hundreds of elementary school children.

Source with two authors

Cite both authors every time the reference occurs in the text

. The concept of identity has been discussed in

literature (Burke & Stets, 2009).

Source with three to five authors

Cite all authors the first time the reference occurs. In subsequent citations, cite only the last name of the first

author followed by et al. First reference within text:

Design is integrated with daily life (Shove, Watson, Hand, &

Ingram, 2008).

Subsequent references:

Consumer interests in design have been investigated (Shove et al., 2008).

Anonymous source

When an author is designated “Anonymous,” include the word Anonymous followed by a comma and

the

publication date.

Research is a vital part of academic life (Anonymous, 2009).

Source with no author listed

Include first few words

of the work’s title and year.

If the title is of an article, chapter or webpage, use quotation

marks:

It is reported that

numerous adolescents study long hours (“School and teenagers,” 2007)

If the title is of a

book, periodical, brochure or report, use italics:

Young people reported a preference for staying up late (

Handbook

of adolescents

, 2006).

Citations in bibliographies or reference lists

When constructing a reference list or bibliography, arrange all entries in alphabetical order by the surname of the

first author.

Journal or Magazine Articles

Article from a print journal

Passons, W. R. (1967). Predictive validities of the ACT, SAT and high school grades for first semester GPA and

freshman courses.

Educational and Psychological Measurement, 27

(4, pt. 2), 1143-1144.

Article from a journal with continuous pagination

If a journal uses continuous pagination for the entire volume, do not include the issue number in the citation.

Lahey, B. B. (2009). Public health significance of neuroticism.

American Psychologist

, 241-256.

Article from a journal with non-continuous pagination

If each issue of a journal starts with page 1, include the issue number in the citation.

Barclay, M. W. (1993). The echo phase.

Journal of Phenomenological Psychology

(1), 17-45.

Article from an online journal with DOI (Digital Object Identifier) Assigned

Sawyer, J. (1966). Measurement and prediction, clinical and statistical.

Psychological Bulletin, 66

(3), 178-200.

doi:10.1037/h0023624

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