7 gendarmerie

juliaer - Lale Sarıibrahimoğlu

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Publié par	juliaer
Nombre de lectures	400
Langue	Français

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Gendarmerie Lale Sar õ ibrahimo ğ lu*

The Gendarmerie General Command (Jandarma Genel Komutanl õ ğ õ , JGK) is a mili-tary security force responsible for maintaining security, law and order. In theory, the JCK operates, by all appearances, under the supervision of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in times of peace, and under the command of the land forces as part of the Turkish Armed Forces (Türk Silahl õ Kuvvetleri, TSK) in times of war. In practice, however, the JGK is a TSK component operating under the command of the General Staff, as confirmed by its tasking within the armed forces, organisational precepts, budget, promotion system and the training and education of its personnel. 1 The fight against domestic threats, as posited by the Constitution, aims to maintain the order of the state, its democratic and secular character and its integrity. Defence against domestic threats fall under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Inter-nal Affairs, whereas defence against external threats falls under the responsibility of the General Staff and the Ministry of National Defence (Milli Sa υ unma Bakanli ğ i, MSB). 2 However, the TSK also intervenes in matters of domestic security, using the gendarmerie as stipulated by a number of laws and internal memos. Although reforms that would provide for democratic civilian control of the military have been implemented as part of the EU membership process, the National Security Policy Document (Milli Güvenlik Siyaseti Belgesi, MGSB) on domestic and external threats remains heavily influenced by the military. This, in addition to other factors discussed below, shows that current legislation on domestic threats falling under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is not valid in prac-tice.

* Journalist, Defence Expert. 1 See http://www.msb.gov.tr , http://www.tsk.mil.tr 2 Mili Savunma Bakanl õ ğ õ Beyaz Kitap 2000 (Ministry of National Defence White Book 2000), Chapter 4, Section 3, Türkiyenin Milli Güvenlik Güçlerinin İ ç Güvenlikte Kul-lan õ lmas õ , see http://www.msb.gov.tr . See also Law on the Establishment, Duties and Jurisidction of Gendarmerie No. 2803, ratified by the Turkish Grand National Assembly (Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi, TBMM) on 10 March 1983, and the Establishment Law Number 3152, ratified by the Ministry of Internal Affairs on 14 February 1985. This law stipulates that the Ministry of Internal Affairs is responsible for the provision of domestic security, and the term internal threat is not used. However, in Milli Savunma Bakanl õ ğ õ Beyaz Kitab 2000, the term internal threat is used without reference to any specific arti-cle.