Petroleum Triangle , livre ebook

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2011

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In The Petroleum Triangle, Steve A. Yetiv tells the interconnected story of oil, globalization, and terrorism. Yetiv asks how Al-Qaeda, a small band of terrorists, became such a real and perceived threat to American and global security, a threat viewed as profound enough to motivate the strongest power in world history to undertake extraordinary actions, including two very costly wars. Yetiv argues that Middle East oil and globalization have combined to augment the real and perceived threat of transnational terrorism. Globalization has allowed terrorists to do things that otherwise would be more difficult and costly: exploit technology, generate fear beyond their capabilities, target vulnerable economic and political nodes, and capitalize on socio-economic dislocation. Meanwhile, Middle East oil has fueled terrorism by helping to bolster oil-rich regimes that terrorists hate, to fund the terrorist infrastructure, and to generate anti-American and anti-Western sentiments about American support for oil-rich regimes and perceived Western designs on Middle East oil. Together, Middle East oil and globalization have combined in various ways to help create Al-Qaeda's real and perceived threat, and that of its affiliates and offshoots. The combined effect has shaped important contours of the Petroleum Triangle and of world affairs. A sweeping analysis of contemporary world politics and American foreign and military policy, The Petroleum Triangle convincingly argues that it is critical to understand the connections among oil, globalization, and terrorism if we seek to comprehend modern global politics. What happens within the Petroleum Triangle will help determine if the death of Osama bin Laden will ultimately cripple Al-Qaeda and its affiliates or be yet another milestone in an ongoing age of terrorism.
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Date de parution

15 octobre 2011

Nombre de lectures

0

EAN13

9780801463396

Langue

English

Poids de l'ouvrage

2 Mo

THE PETROLEUM TRIANGLE
THE PETROLEUM TRIANGLE Oil, Globalization, and Terror
CORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS
Steve A. Yetiv
ITHACA AND LONDON
Copyright © 2011 by Cornell University
All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850.
First published 2011 by Cornell University Press Printed in the United States of America
Library of Congress CataloginginPublication Data
Yetiv, Steven A.  The petroleum triangle : oil, globalization, and terror / Steve A. Yetiv.  p. cm.  Includes bibliographical references and index.  ISBN 9780801450020 (cloth : alk. paper)  1. Petroleum industry and trade—Political aspects. 2. Petroleum industry and trade—Political aspects—United States. 3. Terrorism—Economic aspects. 4. Globalization—Economic aspects. 5. Globalization—Political aspects. I. Title.  HD9560.6Y48 2011  338.2'7282—dc22 2011017388
Cornell University Press strives to use environmentally responsible suppliers and materials to the fullest extent possible in the publishing of its books. Such materials include vegetablebased, lowVOC inks and acidfree papers that are recycled, totally chlorinefree, or partly composed of nonwood fibers. For further information, visit our website at www.cornellpress.cornell.edu.
Cloth printing
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
List of Figures Acknowledgments List of Abbreviations
Introduction 1. America and Middle Eastern Oil
Par t I:AND TRANSNATIONAL TERRORISM OIL 2. Explaining September 11: The Oil Factor 3. Rising AntiAmericanism in the Global Audience 4. Oil Money, Terrorist Financing, and Weapons of Mass Destruction 5. Oil Money and Hated Regimes: Fueling Terrorism
Par t II: GLOBALIZATION AND TRANSNATIONAL TERRORISM 6. The Deadly Nexus of Globalization, Oil, and Terrorism 7. How Globalization Amplifies the Terrorist Threat Conclusion
References Index
vii ix xi
1
25
55
87
107
143
159
187
201
217 237
Figures
 1. World marketed energy use by fuel type, 1990–20354  2. Global trade as a percentage of global gross domestic product, 1960–200714  3. U.S. waterborne trade volume, 1970–200815  4. Global vehicle use indicators, 1950–200416  5. Index of globalization, 1970–200717  6. American sealift capability, 1990–200751  7. Proven reserves of oil by region165  8. Oil prices vs. spare capacity, 1990–2010166  9. Estimates of U.S. defense spending on Persian Gulf, 1990–2007168 10. Global military expenditures vs. oil dependence, a comparison169
vii
Acknowledgments
I owe a debt of gratitude to several readers who graciously agreed to read this work. I thank Anouar Boukhars, Lowell Feld, Kurt Taylor Gaubatz, Patricia Rax ter, Marc O’Reilly, and Sagar Rijal. Special thanks go to Tulu Balkir, John Duffield, Kimberly Gilligan, and Jack Kalpakian for detailed comments on earlier drafts. The work also benefited tremendously from the seasoned guidance of Cornell University Press editor Roger Haydon as well as from the input of the external reviewers. I also thank Fatmatta Deen of OPEC’s library in Vienna, Austria and members of the Parisbased staff of the International Energy Agency for their assistance.
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