Gray's Clinical Neuroanatomy , livre ebook

Gray’s Clinical Neuroanatomy
The Anatomic Basis for Clinical Neuroscience

Elliott L. Mancall, MD
Emeritus Professor of Neurology, Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

David G. Brock, MD, CIP
Medical Director, Neuronetics, Inc. Malvern, Pennsylvania
Saunders
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Copyright
Dedication
Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Section I: General
1: Overview of the Organization of the Nervous System
2: Overview of the Microstructure of the Nervous System
3: Development of the Nervous System
4: Cranial Meninges
5: Ventricular System and Cerebrospinal Fluid
6: Vascular Supply of the Brain and Spinal Cord
Section II: The Spine
7: Spinal Column
8: Spinal Cord and Nerve Roots
Section III: The Brain Stem and Cranial Nerves
9: Skull
10: Brain Stem
11: Cranial Nerves
12: Special Senses
Section IV: The Cerebellum
13: Cerebellum
Section V: The Cerebrum
14: Basal Ganglia
15: Diencephalon
16: Cerebral Hemispheres
Section VI: The Peripheral and Autonomic Nervous Systems
17: Cervical Plexus
18: Brachial Plexus
19: Chest and Abdominal Wall
20: Lumbar Plexus and Sacral Plexus
21: Autonomic Nervous System
Section VII: The Neuromuscular Junction and Muscle
22: Neuromuscular Junction
23: Muscle
Index
Copyright

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GRAY’S CLINICAL NEUROANATOMY: THE ANATOMIC BASIS FOR CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE ISBN: 978-1-4160-4705-6
Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
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Dedication
To our wives, J.C.M. and C.A.S.—thank you for your support.

Elliott L. Mancall

David G. Brock
Contributors

Michael W. Devereaux, MD
Professor of Neurology Department of Neurology Case Western Reserve School of Medicine; Staff Neurologist Case Medical Center Cleveland, Ohio

Karl Doghramji, MD
Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Neurology, and Medicine Program Director, Fellowship in Sleep Medicine Thomas Jefferson University; Medical Director, Jefferson Sleep Disorders Center Thomas Jefferson University Hospital Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Keith Dombrowski, MD
Fellow, Neurocritical Care Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina

Laurie Gutmann, MD
Professor Neurology and Exercise Physiology West Virginia University School of Medicine; Professor/CNP Fellowship Program Director Neurology Ruby Memorial Hospital Morgantown, West Virginia

John Khoury, MD
Fellow in Sleep Medicine Thomas Jefferson University Hospital Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Daniel Kremens, MD, JD
Assistant Professor of Neurology Thomas Jefferson University Hospital Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Preface
Gray’s Anatomy has been a cornerstone of medical education since its original appearance in 1858. It has provided a remarkably authoritative description of both gross and microscopic anatomy of the human body for many generations of medical students and practicing medical scientists on a worldwide basis. It has been, and remains, cherished not only as a primary source of anatomical knowledge but also as a reliable resource to which the student or practitioner might return for many years, indeed, throughout the entire length of a medical career. Although the classical text is regularly updated, recent major developments in both basic and clinical medicine have prompted a major reconsideration of the utility of a single large volume devoted to all of human anatomy. Concerns are especially related to the increasing specialization, if not frank fragmentation, of the medical arts with which the contemporary physician must deal on a day-to-day basis. As a consequence of such a reappraisal, a decision has been made to extract focused portions of the major text devoted to specific conceptual domains. Gray’s Anatomy itself will remain as authoritative as ever but will be expanded by the inclusion of clinical case material to illustrate in depth, whenever possible, the application of anatomical principles to the bedside. The field of neuroanatomy lends itself particularly well to such a departure from the more traditional approach to human anatomy, with the original Gray’s material being utilized as the foundation for such an enhanced pedagogical approach. In Gray’s Clinical Neuroanatomy, virtually all the original neuroanatomical text in the thirty-ninth edition is preserved, although it is transposed and rearranged to meet innovative structural guidelines and is complemented by a host of clinical case vignettes, which in turn are augmented by visual materials designed to strengthen the link between the clinic and the dissecting room. It must be emphasized that there has been no attempt to develop yet another comprehensive textbook of neurology as such; the neurological disorders cited here are entirely exemplary and directly relevant to the underlying anatomical principles of the traditional Gray’s .
Organizationally, Gray’s Clinical Neuroanatomy begins with a selection of general, non-systematized topics that lack a specific regional approach—for example, the general vasculature of the brain and spinal cord, the ventricular system and the meninges, as well as the general microstructure of the nervous system. A detailed review of neuroembryology and development is also provided; the extraordinary length here reflects the perceived need for in-depth coverage of these topics, which is not available elsewhere. Following these introductory topics, the remaining sections are devoted to the systematized gross and microscopic anatomy of the central and peripheral nervous systems, considered on a regional and clinically pertinent basis, with direct relevance to the bedside and the clinic and thus with direct applicability to the clinician treating a patient with a neurological disease.
Acknowledgments
Dr. David Brock accepted the role of Associate Editor without hesitation and has played a major role not only in refining the clinical parameters of this new Gray’s but also in resolving a number of technical issues inherent in a departure of this sort. This project would never have developed as it did without the input of the other major clinical contributors, Drs. Michael Devereaux and Laurie Gutmann, who took time away from their busy academic and clinical lives to provide the clinical and supplemental illustrative material so vital to this effort. Drs. Keith Dombrowski and Karl Doghramji contributed additional clinical material for inclusion, and Drs. Daniel Kremens and John Khoury reviewed manuscript and provided clinical images for which we are grateful. Finally, I would be remiss if I did not cite those who contributed so successfully to the parent Gray’s Anatomy, the remarkable work from which Gray’s Clinical N