Clinical Examinations in Cardiology - E-Book , livre ebook

Elsevier India - B. N. Vijay Raghawa Rao

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Systematically divided into six parts, this book presents a lucid and comprehensive exposition of Clinical Cardiology. The basic concepts and procedures have been explained in a simple and logical manner and a large number of illustrations and tables have been included throughout the text to facilitate understanding of the subject. In total, there are 749 figures, 245 tables, and 675 references. The book will serve as an ideal text for postgraduate students of General Medicine, Cardiology and Pediatrics. Also, it will be an extremely useful and reliable reference source for the practising physicians.

Beginning with a clear description of basic anatomy and physiology relating to cardiovascular medicine, the book explains cardiac history taking and symptomatology. It then describes general physical examination along with arterial pulse and blood pressure. This is followed by a detailed discussion of cardiovascular examination including inspection, palpation, percussion, precordium in common heart diseases and auscultation. Thereafter, basic investigations necessary for diagnosis and management are described. These feature clinical electrocardiography which includes normal ECG, common disease conditions, drug effects, arrhythmias and prediction of coronary artery occlusion. This section also discusses radiology of the heart describing introduction, technical facts, routine reporting of x-ray chest, calcifications and other views.

Sujets

Médecine

Spécialités médicales

Medical

Cardiology

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Publié par	Elsevier India
Date de parution	15 décembre 2007
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9788131231548
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	10 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,1806€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

Extrait

Clinical Examination in Cardiology
First Edition

B.N. Vijay Raghawa Rao, MD, DM (CARDIOLOGY), DHA, FCCP, FICC, MBA (HM)
Formerly Addl. Director, Professor HOD Gandhi Medical College/Gandhi Hospital, Secunderabad, Hyderabad, India
Presently Consultant Interventional Cardiologist Vijay Marie and Yashoda Superseciality Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
Elsevier
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Copyright
Dedication
Preface to Revised Reprint
Preface to the Earlier Edition
PART I BASIC ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Chapter 1 Anatomy of the Heart
1 Gross Anatomy of the Heart
2 External Features of the Heart
3 The Chambers of the Heart
4 The Fibrous Skeleton of the Heart
5 The Valves of the Heart
References
Chapter 2 Lymphatic System of the Heart
1 Formation Of Right Coronary Channel
2 Formation Of Left Coronary Channel
3 Formation Of Main Supra-Cardiac Channel
4 Formation Of Right Lymphatic Duct
References
Chapter 3 Venous Drainage of the Heart
1 Coronary Sinus
2 Anterior Cardiac Veins
3 Thebesian Veins (Venae Cordis Minimi)
Reference
Chapter 4 Arterial Supply of the Heart
1 Left Coronary Artery
2 Right Coronary Artery (RCA)
3 Divergent Coronary Anatomy
4 Measurements
References
Chapter 5 Nerve Supply of the Heart
1 Cardiac Plexus
2 Baroreceptors and Chemoreceptors
References
Chapter 6 The Conduction System of the Heart
1 Sinoatrial (SA) Node (Pacemaker Node of Keith-Flack Node, 1907)
2 Atrioventricular Junctional Area
3 The Bundle Branches and Terminal Purkinje Fibers
References
Chapter 7 Ultrastructure of the Myocardium
1 P Cells
2 Transitional Cells
3 Purkinje Cells
4 Amoeboid Cells
5 Contractile Or Working Myocardial Cells
References
Chapter 8 Basic Electrophysiological Principles
Sarcolemma, Intercalated Disc
Intracellular and Extracellular Ion Concentrations in Cardiac Muscle
Properties of Transmembrane Potentials
Cardiac Action Potentials
References
Chapter 9 Molecular Basis of Muscle Contraction
1) Muscular Contraction
2) Muscular Relaxation
3) The Velocity and the Amount of Tension
References
Chapter 10 The Cardiac Cycle
1 Ventricular Systole
2 Ventricular Diastole
3 Atrial Systole
4 Atrial Diastole
5 The Differences in the Events Between Right and Left Sides of the Heart
6 Ecg Changes During Cardiac Cycle
References
PART 2 THE HISTORY AND SYMPTOMATOLOGY
Chapter 11 Cardinal Symptoms
Importance of History Taking
1 Chest Pain
2 Shortness of Breath (SOB)/Dyspnea
3 Palpitation
4 Fatigue
5 Syncope
References
Chapter 12 Other Symptoms
1 Hemoptysis
2 Hoarseness
3 Cyanosis
References
PART 3 GENERAL PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
Chapter 13 General Examination
1 General Build and Stature
2 Posture or Attitude
3 Gestures and Signs
4 Facial Appearance
5 Eyes
6 Nose
7 Ears
8 Oral Cavity
9 Neck
10 Spine
11 Skin
12 Extremities
13 Peripheral Edema
References
Chapter 14 Arterial Pulse
1 Definition
2 Genesis of the Arterial Pulse
3 Pulse Wave Pattern
4 Examination of the Arterial Pulse
5 Characteristic Features of Pulse In Common Clinical Conditions
References
Chapter 15 Measurement of the Blood Pressure
1 Definition and Components of Arterial Blood Pressure
2 Determinants of Arterial Blood Pressure
3 Measurement of Arterial Blood Pressure
4 Hypertension
References
PART 4 JUGULAR VENOUS PULSE
Chapter 16 Introduction and Jugular Venous Pulse Waves
Introduction
Examination of Jugular Venous Pulse (JVP)
Analysis of the Jugular Venous Pulsations
Abnormalities of the Waves
References
Chapter 17 Estimation of Venous Pressure and JVP in Diseased Conditions
1 Estimation of Venous Pressure
2 JVP in Diseased Conditions
References
PART 5 CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM EXAMINATION
Chapter 18 Inspection of the Precordium
1 Examination of the Chest
2 Examination of the Precordium
3 Cardiovascular Pulsations
References
Chapter 19 Palpation of the Precordium
1 Examination of the Chest for the Shape and Distended Vessels
2 Palpation of the Precordium for any Tenderness
3 Palpation of the Cardiovascular Pulsations, Palpable Sounds, Thrills and Rubs
4 Tracheal Tug (Oliver s Sign)
5 Kinetic Cardiogram
References
Chapter 20 Percussion of the Precordium and Precordial Findings in Common Heart Diseases
Methods of Percussion
The Scheme of Percussion
Precordial Findings in Common Heart Diseases
References
Chapter 21 Cardiac Auscultation
Principles and Techniques
The Heart Sounds
The Heart Murmurs
References
PART 6A BASIC INVESTIGATIONS: CLINICAL ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Chapter 22 Introduction and Basic Concepts
Introduction
Basic Concepts
References
Chapter 23 The Normal Electrocardiogram
Waves
Intervals
Segments
The Electrical Axis
Effect of Heart Position on ECG
Normal ECG Variants
References
Chapter 24 Abnormal P, T and U Waves
Abnormal P Waves
Abnormal T Waves
Abnormal U Waves
References
Chapter 25 Ventricular Hypertrophy
1 Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH)
2 Right Ventricular Hypertrophy (RVH)
3 Biventricular Hypertrophy (BiVH)
References
Chapter 26 Intraventricular Conduction Defects
1 Right Bundle Branch Block (RBBB)
2 Left Bundle Branch Block
3 Fascicular Blocks
References
Chapter 27 Myocardial Infarction and Ischemia
1 Myocardial Infarction (MI)
2 Myocardial Ischemia
3 Nonspecific ST-T Changes
4 Localization of Ischemia or Infarction
5 Prediction of the Site of Coronary Artery Occlusion
6 ECG Diagnosis of MI in Bundle Branch Blocks and During RV Pacing
7 Sensitivity, Specificity, and Prognostic Value of the ECG
References
Chapter 28 Pericarditis and Myocarditis
Pericarditis
Myocarditis
References
Chapter 29 Drug Effects and Electrolyte Abnormalities
Digitalis
Electrolyte Abnormalities and ECG Changes: Hyperkalemia
Hypokalemia
Hypercalcemia
Hypocalcemia
Hypermagnesemia
Hypomagnesemia
References
Chapter 30 Arrhythmias
1 Sinus Nodal Disturbances and Arrhythmias
2 Atrial Arrhythmias
3 AV Junctional Arrhythmias
4 Pre-Excitation Syndrome (PES)
5 Narrow QRS Tachycardia
6 Ventricular Arrhythmias
7 Wide QRS Tachycardia
8 Heart Block
References
PART 6B BASIC INVESTIGATIONS: RADIOLOGY OF THE HEART AND GREAT VESSELS
Chapter 31 Introduction and Evaluation of Heart
Cardiac Imaging Technologies
Technical Facts Involved in Chest Roentgenogram
Evaluation of Chest Roentgenogram
References
Chapter 32 The Pulmonary Vasculature
1 Normal Pulmonary Vascularity
2 Abnormal Pulmonary Vascularity
3 Pulmonary Interstitial Edema
References
Chapter 33 Cardiac Calcification
Valvular Calcification
Myocardial Calcification
Vascular Calcification
Pericardial Calcification
Tumor Calcification
References
Chapter 34 Evaluation of Extracardiac Structures and Chest X-ray in Other Views
Evaluation of Extracardiac Structures
Evaluation of Chest X-Ray in Other Views
References
Abbreviations
Index
Copyright
Clinical Examination in Cardiology
B.N. Vijay Raghawa Rao
ELSEVIER
A division of Reed Elsevier India Private Limited
Mosby, Saunders, Churchill Livingstone, Butterworth Heinemann and Hanley Belfus are the Health Science imprints of Elsevier.
2007 Elsevier
First Edition 2007
All rights are reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher.
ISBN-13: 978-81-312-0964-6
Medical knowledge is constantly changing. As new information becomes available, changes in treatment, procedures, equipment and the use of drugs become necessary. The authors, editors, contributors and the publisher have, as far as it is possible, taken care to ensure that the information given in this text is accurate and up-to-date. However, readers are strongly advised to confirm that the information, especially with regard to drug dose/usage, complies with current legislation and standards of practice.
Published by Elsevier, a division of Reed Elsevier India Private Limited
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New Delhi - 110 065, India.
Publishing Director: Sanjay K Singh
Commissioning Editor: Sonali Dasgupta
Developmental Editor: Dr Shelley Narula
Manager (Editorial Projects): Dr Radhika Menon
Production Executive: Ambrish Choudhary
Typeset by Olympus Infotech Pvt. Ltd, Chennai, India.
Printed and bound at Nutech Photolithographer, New Delhi.
Dedication
Dedicated to my parents, Shri B. Narsimha Smt B. Laxmamma, my wife Dr Shashikala, my daughters Dr Visha Rao Vishala Rao and my teachers, students patients who constantly encouraged to write revise this clinical treatise.
Preface to Revised Reprint
First Edition of Clinical Examination in Cardiology was published in 2007 by Elsevier India Pvt. Ltd which was well received and appreciated by PG students of Gen. Medicine, Pediatrics and Cardiology as well as by the practicing physicians, besides being a great helpful to undergraduate students. However there were some printing errors which were overlooked inadvertently. These errors have been corrected and even some figures, graphs, photographs and tables have been revised and updated in this revised reprint which will be an asset to clinical decision making.
I am thankful to Elsevier India Pvt. for their keen interest shown in revising and reprinting this clinical text book.

B.N. Vijay Raghawa Rao MD, DM (Cardiology), DHA, FCCP, FICC, MBA (HM) Dr
Preface to the Earlier Edition

It is man s mission to learn to understand
Clinical Examination in Cardiology is primarily a clinical treatise. It provides a simple, lucid and comprehensive description of Basic Anatomy and Physiology of Cardiovascular Medicine, Clinical Cardiology, and Basic Bedside Investigations