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Variation and Classification , livre ebook

Capstone Global Library - Melanie Waldron

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Our world is incredibly diverse, but why are living things so different, and how do we make sense of the vast range of life forms? This book tackles the issues of variation - how and why it occurs - and classification, looking at how we organize plants and animals into groups.

Informations

Publié par	Capstone Global Library
Date de parution	15 août 2013
Nombre de lectures	0
EAN13	9781406269062
Langue	English
Poids de l'ouvrage	21 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0312€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

Extrait

Essential Life Science

Melanie Waldron

Raintree is an imprint of Capstone Global Library Limited, a company incorporated in England and Wales having its registered oce at 7 Pilgrim Street, London, EC4V 6LB – Registered company number: 6695582

To contact Raintree, please phone 0845 6044371, fax +44 (0)1865 312263, or email myorders@ raintreepublishers.co.uk.

Text © Capstone Global Library Limited 2014 First published in hardback in 2014 The moral rights of the proprietor have been asserted.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including photocopying or storing it in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright owner, except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS (www.cla.co.uk). Applications for the copyright owner’s written permission should be addressed to the publisher.

Edited by Andrew Farrow and Diyan Leake Designed by Victoria Allen Original illustrations © Capstone Global Library Ltd 2014 Picture research by Ruth Blair Production by Sophia Argyris Originated by Capstone Global Library Ltd Printed in China by CTPS

ISBN 978 1 406 26232 2 17 16 15 14 13 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Waldron, Melanie. Variation and classication. -- (Essential life science) 1. Animals--Classication--Juvenile literature. 2. Plants--Classication--Juvenile literature. 3. Variation (Biology)--Juvenile literature. I. Title II. Series 570.1’2-dc23

Acknowledgements We would like to thank the following for permission to reproduce photographs: Alamy pp. 5 (© Corbis Flirt), 18 (© Vincent MacNamara), 26 (© blickwinkel), 37 (© Frans Lemmens; Capstone Publishers (© Karon Dubke) pp. 8, 9, 21, 24, 25, 40, 41); Corbis p. 14 (© Flip Nicklin/Minden Pictures); © Andre Engels p. 36; FLPA p. 43 (Eric Woods); Getty Images pp. 4 (Alexander Safonov), 10 (Rebekka Gudleifsdottir), 13 (Beverly Joubert), 19 (Martin Harvey), 35 (Sylvain Cordier), 42 (Nigel Cattlin); Shutterstock pp. 16 (© cosma), 22 (© Rob kemp), 28 (© RomGams), 30 (© Vlad61), 31 (© Harald Toepfer), 34 (© Richard Whitcombe), 38 (© Jacek Chabraszewski); Superstock pp. 6 (Antoine Juliette/Oredia/Oredia Eurl), 11 (age fotostock), 12 (Minden Pictures), 20 (Cultura Limited), 29 (Minden Pictures), 32 (Minden Pictures).

Cover photograph of tropical sh on a coral reef reproduced with permission of Corbis (© Tischenko Irina).

Every eort has been made to contact copyright holders of material reproduced in this book. Any omissions will be rectied in subsequent printings if notice is given to the publisher.

Disclaimer All the internet addresses (URLs) given in this book were valid at the time of going to press. However, due to the dynamic nature of the internet, some addresses may have changed, or sites may have changed or ceased to exist since publication. While the author and publisher regret any inconvenience this may cause readers, no responsibility for any such changes can be accepted by either the author or the publisher.

Contents

What lives on Earth? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 What is variation? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 What is evolution? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

What is classification? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 How can plants be classified? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 How are animals classified? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

How can we identify species? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 What’s next for life on Earth? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Find out more. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Eureka moment! Learn about important discoveries that have brought about further knowledge and understanding.

Some words are shown in bold,like this. You can find out what they mean by looking in the glossary.

i know Discover fascinating facts about variation and classification.

Read about the latest research and advances in essential science.

ife

What lives on Earth? How many different types of living thing – both plants and animals – do you think there are on Earth? Would you believe I N that across the world there are millions of different living things? Each different type of plant or animal is called a species. What is even more amazing is that new species are being discovered every year.

Living differences Everything on Earth is either living or non-living. To stay alive, all living things need a source of energy, such , oxygen as food. They also need found in air and water. Apart from this, there are differences between living things. These differences can be tiny, but they can also be huge.

All the living things in this picture need energy and oxygen to stay alive.

i ou n Scientists know about and have named around two million different species of plants and animals. However, some people estimate that there may be between three and 100 million species on Earth!

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