Ultracold dipolar gases in deep optical lattices [Elektronische Ressource] / Michael Klawunn

Ultracold Dipolar Gases in Deep OpticalLatticesVon der Fakult¨at fu¨r Mathematik und Physik derGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universit¨at Hannoverzur Erlangung des GradesDoktor der NaturwissenschaftenDr. rer. nat.genehmigte Dissertation vonDipl.-Phys. Michael Klawunngeboren am 19. August 1981 in HildesheimInstitut fur¨ Theoretische PhysikGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universita¨t Hannover2009iiReferent: Prof. Dr. Luis SantosKoreferent: Prof. Dr. Eric JeckelmannTag der Promotion: 17. Dezember 2009iiito MariaivAbstractUltracold dilute atomic gases are highly controllable systems whose prop-erties are fundamentally determined by the interatomic interactions. Intypical experiments on ultra cold gases particles interact dominantly via ashort-range isotropic potential. However, during the last years a new gen-eration of experiments is starting to explore systems, where an additionalinteraction, the long-range and anisotropic dipole-dipole interaction plays asignificant or possibly dominant role. The effects induced by the anisotropyof the dipole-dipole interaction are crucially enhanced if the dipolar gas isconfined in a deep optical lattice. In this thesis we study novel phenomenain such systems of dipolar gases in deep optical lattices.The nonlocal nonlinearity introduced by the dipole-dipole interactionplays a crucial role in the physics of dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates.