Tradable rights and transaction costs [Elektronische Ressource] : a comparative analysis of alternative policy instruments for emissions, road use and public deficits / Evy Crals

Tradable Rights and Transaction Costs A Comparative Analysis of Alternative Policy Instruments for Emissions, Road Use and Public Deficits Evy Crals DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des Grads einer Doktorin der Wirtschaftswissenschaft (Dr. rer. pol.) der Universität Erfurt, Staatswissenschaftliche Fakultät 2005 Promotor: Prof. dr. J. Backhaus Datum der Disputation: 5.December 2005 urn:nbn:de:gbv:547-200500672 [http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=nbn%3Ade%3Agbv%3A547-200500672] 2 Contents1. Introduction..............................................................................................10 1.1. Scope.................................................................................................10 1.2. Theoretical framework......................................................................10 1.2.1. Market failures ...........................................................................10 1.2.2. Public goods...............................................................................12 1.2.3. Internalization of externalities....................................................14 1.3. Research questions and approach of the study..................................16 2. Tradable permits: origin and context .......................................................20 2.1. Introduction.......................................................................................20 2.2. Policy instruments...................