The role of GRAS proteins in light signalling [Elektronische Ressource] / vorgelegt von Patricia Torres Galea

The role of GRAS proteins in light signallingDissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) der Fakultät für Biologie der Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität Münchenvorgelegt von Patricia Torres Galea, aus Spanien 2007eingereicht am: 9. Juli 20071. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Reinhold G. Herrmann 2. Gutachter: PD Dr. Cordelia BolleTag der mündlichen Prüfung: 22. November 2007 Table of ContentsTABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………………………….1ABREVIATIONS …………………………………………………………………….51. INTRODUCTION1.1. Light and photoreceptors …………………………………………………………………………81.2. Evolution of phytochromes ………………………………………………………………………..101.3. Classification of phytochromes ………………………………………………………………121.4. Two reversible forms of phytochromes …………………………………………………….121.5. Structure of phytochromes ………………………………………………………………………..141.5.1. Structure-function relationships of phytochromes ………………………………….161.6. Physiological functions of phytochromes …………………………………………………….171.6.1. Phytochromes can initiate high, low and very low fluence responses …….171.6.2. Phytochromes and seed germination …………………………………………...181.6.3. Phytochromes and de-etiolation …………………………………………...191.6.4. Phytochromes and shade avoidance …………………………………………...201.6.5. The complex interplay among the photoreceptors ………………………..211.7. Signal transduction by photoreceptors …………………………………………...221.8.