The effect of endotracheal tube leakage on the lung protective mechanical ventilation in neonates [Elektronische Ressource] / von Ramadan Aboelhasan Ahmed Mahmoud

Aus der Klinik für Neonatologie der Medizinischen Fakultät der Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin DISSERTATION The effect of endotracheal tube leakage on the lung protective mechanical ventilation in neonates zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doctor medicinae (Dr. med.) vorgelegt der Medizinischen Fakultät Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin von Ramadan Aboelhasan Ahmed Mahmoud aus Qena, Ägypten II Gutachter: 1. Priv.-Doz. Dr. sc. G. Schmalisch 2. Prof. Dr. W. Nikischin 3. Prof. Dr. Dr. B. Lachmann Datum der Promotion: 19.11.2010 III Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. 4 Respiratory diseases in the neonatal period 2.1. Physiology and pathophysiology of lung development 4 2.1.1. Pre- and postnatal lung development 4 2.1.2. Respiratory distress of the newborns 7 2.1.3. Modern aspects of the management of RDS 10 2.1.4. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia 12 2.2. Mechanical ventilatory support in neonates with respiratory diseases 16 2.2.1. Non-invasive ventilatory supports 16 2.2.2. Conventional mechanical ventilation 20 2.2.3. Modern modes of mechanical ventilation 26 2.2.4. Monitoring of mechanical ventilation 30 2.3. Patient-equipment interface and air leakages 33 2.3.1. Air leakages during non-invasive ventilatory support 33 2.3.2. ET leakages during mechanical ventilation 36 2.4. Aims of the thesis 38 3. Material and methods 40 3.1.