The Early Evolution of Solids in Protoplanetary Disks [Elektronische Ressource] : Observational Constraints from Millimeter Interferometry / Luca Ricci. Betreuer: Andreas Burkert

The Early Evolution of Solidsin Protoplanetary Disks:Observational Constraintsfrom Millimeter InterferometryLuca RicciMunchen 2011The Early Evolution of Solidsin Protoplanetary Disks:Observational Constraintsfrom Millimeter InterferometryLuca RicciDissertationan der Fakult at fur Physikder Ludwig{Maximilians{Universit atMunc henvorgelegt vonLuca Riccigeboren am 17/12/1983 in Ravenna, ItalienMunc hen, den 11 August 2011Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Andreas BurkertZweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Jochen WellerTag der mundlic hen Prufung: September 29, 2011ContentsAbstract xvZusammenfassung xvi1 Introduction 11.1 The cradles of planets: young circumstellar disks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.2 The \bottom-up" scenario: core accretion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.3 The \top-down" scenario: disk instability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.4 The early stages of planet formation and the role of this Thesis . . . . . . 92 Modelling the emission of protoplanetary disks 152.1 The disk continuum emission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152.1.1 The disk surface density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172.2 The dust model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202.2.1 The dust opacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 Dust properties of protoplanetary disks in Taurus-Auriga 253.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .