Tetherin-driven evolution of pandemic and non-pandemic HIV-1 strains [Elektronische Ressource] / Daniel Sauter

Institute of Molecular Virology Prof. Dr. Frank Kirchhoff Tetherin-Driven Evolution of Pandemic and Non-Pandemic HIV-1 Strains Cumulative Dissertation for the Doctoral Degree in Human Biology at the Medical Faculty of the University of Ulm Daniel Sauter Überlingen am Bodensee 2011 Present Dean: Prof. Dr. Thomas Wirth 1st reviewer: Prof. Dr. Frank Kirchhoff 2nd reviewer: Prof. Dr. Karl Lenhard Rudolph Date of graduation: 18.7.2011Contents III Contents List of Abbreviations.………………………………………………………………………………….……………………IV 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Epidemiology and evolution of HIV-1 ..................................................................... 1 1.2 Host restriction factors ........................................................... 5 1.2.1 APOBEC ........................................................................................................... 5 1.2.2 TRIM5 ............ 5 1.2.3 Tetherin ........... 5 1.2.4 CAML ................................................................................................................ 7 1.3 Accessory proteins of HIV-1 .................... 7 1.3.1 Vif ..................................................................................................................... 8 1.3.2 Vpr ................... 8 1.3.3 Vpu 8 1.3.4 Nef ..........................