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28
pages
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Français
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Documents
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1999
Description
Sociétés contemporaines - Année 1999 - Volume 33 - Numéro 1 - Pages 59-86RÉSUMÉ: L’invocation constante de la mixité sociale comme valeur dans le domaine du logement social et de la politique de la ville se trouve mise en discussion non seulement par les acquis de la recherche sociologique mais aussi par les représentations et pratiques discriminatoires des acteurs. Par un processus d’euphémisation en cascade, elle sert souvent à légitimer la fermeture du parc de logements publics aux populations immigrées. En prenant en considération la procédure expérimentale «Habitat et Vie Sociale» (1977-80) qui fut la matrice de la politique de la ville actuelle et introduisit la notion d’ «équilibre social» dans le peuplement des grands ensembles, les auteurs mettent en évidence le déplacement très vite opéré du social à l’ethnique au travers des stratégies d’intervention négociées entre les collectivités locales et l’État. Trois exemples d’Île-de-France •Stains, La Courneuve et Aulnay •illustrent différentes modalités techniques et gestionnaires d’une même ambition de reconquête et plus largement la genèse des «politiques de peuplement». Paradoxalement, celles-ci n’ont-elles pas renforcé la spécialisation ethnique qu’elles étaient supposées combattre?
ANNICK TANTER, JEAN-CLAUDE TOUBON
Social Diversity and Population policy: genesis of spatial ethnicity in social housing renovations
The constant invoking of social diversity («mixité») as an inherent quality in the realm of social housing and in the policies of «city development» is brought under discussion not only by the sociological research findings but also by the local actors discriminatory practices and mental representations. By a process of continual downplaying of the notion of «social diversity», it often serves as a «legitimate» argument to refuse access to public social housing for the immigrant populations. Taking into consideration the experimental procedure «Habitat and Social Wellbeing» (habitat et Vie sociale) (1977-90), backbone of actual policy for «city development», which introduced the notion of «social balance» in the allocation procedures concerning the very large social housing estates, the authors bring to light the rapid shift from «social» to «ethnic» through the analysis of the intervention strategies negotiated between local authorities and central government. Three examples in the Greater Paris area (Stains, La Courneuve and Aulnay) illustrate different technical and managerial means having the same ambition of a «renewed conquest» for social and ethnic balance as well as the genesis of «politiques de peuplement» -ie. targeted population policies for social housing occupation. The paradox is these means seem to have reinforced the ethnic specialization that they were supposed to defeat.
28 pages
Source : Persée ; Ministère de la jeunesse, de l’éducation nationale et de la recherche, Direction de l’enseignement supérieur, Sous-direction des bibliothèques et de la documentation.
ANNICK TANTER, JEAN-CLAUDE TOUBON
Social Diversity and Population policy: genesis of spatial ethnicity in social housing renovations
The constant invoking of social diversity («mixité») as an inherent quality in the realm of social housing and in the policies of «city development» is brought under discussion not only by the sociological research findings but also by the local actors discriminatory practices and mental representations. By a process of continual downplaying of the notion of «social diversity», it often serves as a «legitimate» argument to refuse access to public social housing for the immigrant populations. Taking into consideration the experimental procedure «Habitat and Social Wellbeing» (habitat et Vie sociale) (1977-90), backbone of actual policy for «city development», which introduced the notion of «social balance» in the allocation procedures concerning the very large social housing estates, the authors bring to light the rapid shift from «social» to «ethnic» through the analysis of the intervention strategies negotiated between local authorities and central government. Three examples in the Greater Paris area (Stains, La Courneuve and Aulnay) illustrate different technical and managerial means having the same ambition of a «renewed conquest» for social and ethnic balance as well as the genesis of «politiques de peuplement» -ie. targeted population policies for social housing occupation. The paradox is these means seem to have reinforced the ethnic specialization that they were supposed to defeat.
28 pages
Source : Persée ; Ministère de la jeunesse, de l’éducation nationale et de la recherche, Direction de l’enseignement supérieur, Sous-direction des bibliothèques et de la documentation.
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Publié par
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Publié le
01 janvier 1999
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Langue
Français